• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.72-80
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• 2016

The market size of plant projects in overseas is so large that domestic EPC project contractors are actively seeking the overseas projects and then trying to meet completion plans since successful fulfillment of these projects can provide great opportunities for them to expand into new foreign markets. International EPC projects involve all of the uncertainties common to domestic projects as well as uncertainties specific to foreign projects including marine transportation, customs, regulations, nationality, culture and so on. When overseas project gets off-schedule, the resulting uncertainty may trigger unexpected exceptions and then critical effects to the project performance. It usually require much more time and costs to encounter these exceptions in foreign sites compared to domestic project sites. Therefore, an exception handling approach is required to manage exceptions effectively for successful project progress in foreign project sites. In this research, we proposed a methodology for prediction and evaluation of exceptions caused by risks in international EPC projects based on sensitivity analysis and Bayesian Networks. First, we identified project schedule risks and related exceptions, which may meet during the fulfillment of foreign EPC projects that is performed in a sequence of engineering, procurement, preparatory manufacture, foreign shipping, construction, inspection and modification activities, and affect project performance, using literature review and expert interviews. The impact of exceptions to the schedule delay were also identified. Second, we proposed a methodology to predict the occurrence of exceptions caused by project risks and evaluate them. Using sensitivity analysis, we can identify activities that critically affect schedule delay and need to focus by priority. Then, we use Bayesian Networks to predict and evaluate exceptions. Third, we applied the proposed methodology to an international EPC project example to validate the proposed approach. Finally, we concluded the research with the further research topics. We expect that the proposed approach can be extended to apply in exception management in project management.

• Journal for History of Mathematics
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.57-70
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• 2012

In this study, a teaching unit for mathematically gifted students is designed, based on Lakatos's perspective. First, students appreciated the exceptions of Desargue theorem and introduced the point at infinity to remove the exceptions. Finally students were guided to realize that the exceptions and the general case of Desargue theorem have equal status. Exploring Desargue theorem with other viewpoints, gifted students experienced the growth of mathematical knowledge due to exceptions of the theorem.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.279-300
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• 2012

Uncertainty and dynamism surrounding pervasive systems require new and sophisticated approaches to defining, detecting, and handling complex exceptions. This is because the possible erroneous conditions in pervasive systems are more complicated than conditions found in traditional applications. We devised a novel exception description and detection mechanism based on "situation"- a novel extension of context, which allows programmers to devise their own handling routines targeting sophisticated exceptions. This paper introduces the syntax of a language support that empowers the expressiveness of exceptions and their handlers, and suggests an implementation algorithm with a straw man analysis of overhead.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.465-484
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• 2009

Since the launch of the GATT system, one of the most controversial topics in trade liberalization has been the conflict between culture and trade. The sticking point has been the necessity of cultural exceptions in trade rules. Some countries do not wish to allow further exceptions to basic principles even in cultural industry, while many other countries make their efforts to obtain "cultural safety valve." The latter group asserts that it is indispensable for the protection of cultural identity, whereas the former seems to doubt the truth of the assertion. That is because cultural policy measure possibly constitute a means of arbitrary or unjustifiable discrimination between countries, or a disguised barriers to trade in cultural products. Unfortunately, cultural exceptions still remain unresolved in the WTO, the successor to the GATT. This paper is to review the history and rules of multilateral trading system on cultural industry, address the critical issues to deal with in the DDA negotiations, and lastly provide some perspectives on the appropriate shape of the cultural safety valve.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.11-19
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• 2022

Data mining has broad applications that reach beyond scholarly and scientific research and provide internet search engine services that are commonly used forms of Text and Data Mining('TDM') of websites. The exceptions and limitations for data mining provide a competitive advantage in the global race for policy innovation because it permits researchers to conduct computational analysis - TDM on any materials to which they have access. For this purpose, Japan and the EU added limitations on copyright to legalize some TDM research through amendments to copyright law, and the U.S. copyright law has allowed data mining by the fair use provision. On the other hand, there are no explicit exceptions and limitations for data mining under the Korean Copyright Act, and there are no cases considering data mining fair use. We review comparatively exceptions and limitations on copyright which will help to encourage AI-related business by using more data smoothly through the mining process and extracting more valuable information.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.355-359
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• 2009

When an unexpected software exception arises, we programmers are to analyze what causes it. Precisely speaking, we need to analyze the cause and property of the unexpected exception. But if exceptions arise irregularly from unknown causes, it is even more difficult for us to handle them, especially in embedded system like mobile phone software development. In this paper, we propose a debugger-friendly analyzing method for exceptions using aspect oriented programming technique. What we need to know upon arising exceptions is the function call history in order to identify the reason for the exceptions. Since programmers used to spend their debugging time on unidentified exceptions, which arise irregularly our method would greatly improve the embedded software development productivity.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartA
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• v.12A no.6 s.96
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• pp.471-476
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• 2005

Exception mechanism in Java allows programmers to define, throw and catch exceptional conditions. It is important for the development of reliable programs to make sure that exceptions are handled appropriately at run-time. In this paper, we develop an exception monitoring system, which can help programmers trace and handle exceptions effectively. Using this system, programmers can examine exception handling process in detail by tracing only interesting exceptions, and can handle exceptions more effectively. To reduce performance overhead, we design the system based on code instrumentation. Moreover, we show the effectiveness of the system by experiments on benchmark programs.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.263-289
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to enhance the understanding of the provisions for library exceptions in copyright laws and to suggest the direction for the revision of provision in the Copyright Act of Korea. This study compares and analyzes the provisions for library exceptions in several countries' copyright law including Korea, Japan, UK, Australia and USA. This study found that the most common issues in library exception provisions are providing reproduction for users, reproduction for preservation, reproduction for interlibrary loan and digitization of library collections but the conditions for each issue are quite different. The suggestions for the revision of the library exceptions in the Copyright Act of Korea are as follows: changing the amount of reproduction of unpublished works, of works which cannot be obtained at a fair price and of periodicals for users, the transmitting digital reproduction to the user under limited conditions, preparing conditions for reproduction for preservation in libraries, preparing the applicable provisions for reproductions for interlibrary loans and for the limitation of works to be digitized and extending their use at the same time.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.71
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• pp.147-170
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• 2016

International maritime law conventions concerned with cargo liabilities have sought to achieve solutions which will be acceptable to a wide range of states. The Rotterdam Rules was approved by the UN Assembly on 11 December 2008. The Rotterdam Rules are intended to replace The Hague and Hamburg Rules. This paper is comparing The Rotterdam Rules with The Hague and Hamburg Rules for the carrier' liabilities and exceptions in order to find carrier' liability System, the burden of proof and exceptions in the International maritime Rules. The purpose of this paper is considering the carrier's principal recourse for defending himself inmost cargo claims. The first area analyze the transfer of carrier's fundamental Liability system in the International Rules. The second is the matter on the appointment of proof in order to establish liability or to be relieve of liability. And the third is the change of the carrier's possible exclusions from liability in the International maritime Rules. From the result of the said analysis, my paper suggests differences of the exclusions in the Rotterdam Rules comparing with the Hague and Hamburg Rules, and features of the Rotterdam Rules appling exceptions on the basis of the Hague and Hamburg Rules with regard to carrier's liability and burden of proof. The former is the inclusion of three exclusions, the deleted natural fault, and The provision making the carrier responsible for the acts of its servants or agents in the 'fire on the ship' of the Rotterdam Rules. The latter is deleting the principle of overriding obligation related to carrier's obligation of seaworthiness in the Rotterdam Rules, the burden of proof being diverted from the carrier to the carrier and the shipper in the cargo damage caused by two factors(one for which the carrier was liable and the other for which it was excusable) in the new rules.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.73-79
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• 2022

The Python language widely used in artificial intelligence (AI) projects is an interpreter language, and errors occur at runtime. In order to prevent project failure due to errors, it is necessary to handle exceptions in code that can cause exceptional situations in advance. In particular, in AI projects that require a lot of resources, exceptions that occur after long execution lead to a large waste of resources. However, since exception handling depends on the developer's experience, developers have difficulty determining the appropriate exception to catch. To solve this need, we propose an approach that recommends exceptions to catch to developers during development by learning the existing exception handling statements. The proposed method receives the source code of the try block as input and recommends exceptions to be handled in the except block. We evaluate our approach for a large project consisting of two frameworks. According to our evaluation results, the average AUPRC is 0.92 or higher when performing exception recommendation. The study results show that the proposed method can support the developer's exception handling with exception recommendation performance that outperforms the comparative models.