• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
• /
• v.43 no.3
• /
• pp.468-480
• /
• 2016

As the existing FTAs' implementations are being accelerated, ex-post assessments, such as tariff schedules and agricultural trade analyses results, have been emerging as important national issues for the agricultural sector. Korea-Chile FTA is the first FTA in Korea, and more than ten years have passed since April 2004. It will be necessary to measure the impacts of the agreement on the domestic agricultural industry by analyzing concessions made on traded items of farm products on prices, agricultural trade, and so on. The purpose of this study is to prepare for the request for ex-post assessments on the agricultural sector by trade negotiation procedural law. Additionally, by providing policy direction for agricultural policy segments requiring amendments and supplements through an ex-post assessment, we can more objectively evaluate the conflicting arguments between the agricultural and non-agricultural sectors. Current evaluation methods about ex-post impact assessment of FTA are generally comparison analysis on the change of trade balance before and after FTA implementation. However, this simple comparison analysis cannot be said to pure FTA effects and objective, tightening economic impact assessment of the FTA because of all combined situations such as effects of exchange rates, international macroeconomic changes, climate change, and the occurrence of pests. This research attempts to use dynamic analysis as its ex-post assessment methodology and is expected to contribute to future policy evaluation.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
• /
• v.45 no.2
• /
• pp.60-65
• /
• 2013

Data from repeated measurements are accomplished through repeatedly processing the same subject under different conditions and different points of view. The power of testing enhances the choice of pertinent analysis methods that agrees with the characteristics of data concerned and the situation involved. Along with the clinical example, this paper compares the analysis of the variance on ex-post tests, gain score analysis, analysis by mixed design and analysis of covariance employable for repeating measure. Comparing the analysis of variance on ex post test, and gain score analysis on correlations, leads to the fact that the latter enhances the power of the test and diminishes the variance of error terms. The concluded probability, identified that the gain score analysis and the mixed design on interaction between "between subjects factor" and "within subjects factor", are identical. The analysis of covariance, demonstrated better power of the test and smaller error terms than the gain score analysis. Research on four analysis method found that the analysis of covariance is the most appropriate in clinical data than two repeated test with high correlation and ex ante affects ex post.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
• /
• v.51 no.4
• /
• pp.1-18
• /
• 2020

The paper aims to explore existence and degree of remaining fisheries damages after the completion of undertaking the Four Major Rivers Project focusing on the case of Yeongsan river. The paper seeks to show the necessity of consideration of periods of fishery resources recovery in the estimation of ex-post fisheries damages of the project by inferring the analysis of the annual variation of environmental indicators in the river. Therefore, the paper suggests three years of remaining periods of fisheries damages of the project utilizing the variation trend of ex-ante and ex-post annual output data of inland fisheries in Jeonnam province and individual catch of fisheries. In the measurement of the annual degree of fisheries damages during periods of fishery resources recovery, the paper attempts to suggest the method of comparision of day catch data per vessel between ex-ante and ex-post periods of the project, which were investigated by the same institute. Here the paper tries to make correction of ex-post catch data for holding the same catching condition as ex-ante situation by adopting the concept of competitive intensity of catching which was derived from the decreasing rate of number of fishing households in the area of Yeongsan river.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.17 no.7
• /
• pp.648-655
• /
• 2016

As the FTAs' implementations are accelerated, an Ex-post assessment, such as an analysis of the tariff schedule and agricultural trade has been emerging as an important national issue for an agricultural sector Korea-EU FTA, which was to be implemented in the five years from July 2016 as one of the giant FTA. The purpose of this study was to determine the demand of an ex-post assessment on agricultural sector as a trade negotiation procedural law. In addition, by providing policy direction for the agricultural policy part requiring amendments and supplements through ex-post assessment, the conflicting arguments between agricultural and non-agricultural sector can be evaluated more objectively. The current evaluation method on the economic impact ex-post assessment of a FTA is generally compared using the change in trade balance before and after the time of FTA implementation. On the other hand, this comparison cannot be said to be the pure FTA effects and objective, tightening economic impact assessment of the FTA in all combined situations, such as the effects of exchange rates and international macroeconomic changes and climate change & occurrence of pests. Over the last 4 years, however, Korea-EU FTA's total accumulated agricultural GDP loss was measured to be 2,178 billion by these research attempts with dynamic analysis as ex-post assessment methodology. The greatest impact was mainly livestock and pork followed by cereals and vegetables. In addition, this research is expected to contribute to policy evaluations in the future.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
• /
• v.31 no.3
• /
• pp.211-228
• /
• 2023

The Korea-US FTA was one of the most controversial FTAs Korea has ever signed and was expected to have a significant effect on the agriculture sector, especially the livestock industry. This study ex-post analyzed the impact of the Korea-US FTA on the Korean beef industry including the Jeonnam province using a dynamic partial equilibrium model. According to the scenario analysis results, if there was no Korea-US FTA, the beef imports would be reduced to as low as 0.24% to 4.19% compared to the Baseline applying existing Korea-US FTA beef tariff rates over the 2012 to 2022 periods. In addition, if there was no Korea-US FTA, the agricultural product value of Jeonnam and national Korean beef cattle would increase from 0.25% to 7.37% and 0.25% to 7.33%, respectively, compared to the Baseline. The results of the analysis are expected to be used as important information for policy establishment in preparation for CPTPP and supplementation of current FTA policies regarding Korean beef cattle not only for the central government but also Jeonnam province.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
• /
• v.11 no.3
• /
• pp.67-96
• /
• 2012

The Ministry of Environment in Korea has been promoting the urban stream restoration project for paved streams in cities as the restored Cheonggyecheon. As an elementary study for suggesting policy implications for the project, cost and benefit criteria for an ex-post analysis on the Cheonggyecheon project is suggested in this study. The ex-ante analysis were reviewed critically by focusing on the cost and benefit criteria. Ex-post analysis plan in this study is developed considering the standard guideline of pre-feasibility, the theory of cost-benefit analysis, and the review results. The costs for compensating lands, amending conflicts, researching rivers, and maintaining water quantity were also included. For the benefits, this study proposes to estimate the benefits with the assessment on naturalness of stream. The results are expected to contribute to increase the efficiency of the urban stream restoration project and evaluate the project to match better with the meaning of the river restoration.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
• /
• v.6 no.5 s.27
• /
• pp.128-138
• /
• 2005

The success of mergers and acquisitions(M&A) have been evaluated by either measuring ex ante expectations for the specified time period(Window) or assessing long term-based post operating performance (ex post operating performance). In this study, utilizing cumulative abnormal return(CAR) method, M&As which are observed in both domestic and U.S. construction industries were analyzed then research outcomes are compared. Analysis results indicate that stockholders of public construction companies did not realize significant economic gains from M&As. In other words, there was no synergistic gains from the construction M&As. Also, no significant performance difference was observed between related and unrelated diversifications.

• Journal of International Area Studies (JIAS)
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.161-202
• /
• 2018

The purpose of this study is to analyze the ex-post evaluation reports of KOICA's grant aid project in terms of criteria, methods, and contents. To this end, we will examine the evaluation history and process with particular reference to EDCF and KOICA. Our key research questions are: 1) How are the evaluation standards of the OECD DAC reflected in the KOICA ex-post evaluation reports? 2) Whether did Korea's practices of development evaluation change after its entry into the OECD DAC. The paper attempted an content analysis on the key words used in findings and recommendation section of the reports since 1998 that ara available on the website of KOICA. The main results can be summarized as follows. First, the frequency of OECD DAC criteria(relevance, efficiency, effectiveness, impact, sustainability) and the use of quantitative methods have been increasing after joining the OECD DAC. Second, in the ex-post evaluation reports issued after 2010, the reference indices including the Project Design Matrix (PDM), baseline data, and performance have increased exponentially.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
• /
• v.13 no.3
• /
• pp.227-243
• /
• 2022

Purpose - This study surveyed real estate financial consumers and financial company staff regarding the components of the financial consumer protection system to seek detailed improvement plans for the Financial Consumer Protection Act. Design/methodology/approach - The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) technique is applied. Findings - Both consumers and staff highly evaluated the importance of the preventive measures in the main classification factors. Regarding the sub-classification factors of preventive measures, consumers emphasized the responsible management of investment staff and financial institutions; however, the staff stressed the principle of effectiveness and efficiency. Regarding the elements of ex-post remedies, consumers answered that fast remedy would have a significant effect. At the same time, staff believed that punitive measures hinder free trading and investment activities. Regarding the sub-sub classification factors of prevention measures, the consumers value responsible management of staff and financial companies, while the staff tend to prefer the importance of the self-regulatory governance. Research implications or Originality - Based on the above results, financial regulatory authorities should find a balance between preventive and ex-post components once focusing on preventative measures. Our paper is one of the first research findings in this field of financial consumer protection system in Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
• /
• v.45 no.5
• /
• pp.866-880
• /
• 2021

This study aimed to ex situ colorize laccase-entrapped bacterial cellulose (BC) with natural phenolic dyes, namely,madder, turmeric, and cochineal, and to determine the effect of laccase entrapment on the dyeability of BC using color strength (K/S) analysis. Results showed that laccase entrapment improved the dyeability of BC and that pre-entrapment was the most effective method, compared with meta-entrapment and post-entrapment methods. In addition, surface characterizations confirmed the successful entrapment of laccase inside the BC nanostructure and retention of the cellulosic and crystalline structures of BC. The washing durability test confirmed that the K/S value of BC had improved after laccase entrapment. Furthermore, laccase-entrapped BC colorized with cochineal dye had the highest washing durability due to the high molecular weight of cochineal dyerelative to the other dyes. This study suggests a novel method for enhancing the dyeability and washing durability of BC colorized ex situ with natural phenolic dyes by laccase entrapment.