• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• 제10권3호
• /
• pp.202-207
• /
• 2002

The hepato-protective activity of the GODEX (Hepadif-s capsule) has been studied in the rats against $CCl_4$-ethanol induced liver toxicity. The rats were oral1y treated with $CCl_4$ (corn oil/ $CCl_4$ 1:1, 1 mg/kg). And one week passes, $CCl_4$(0.4 mg/kg) administered two times a week for 7 weeks. The drugs have been administered every two days for 4 weeks after $CCl_4$ injection. The experimental groups have consisted of the GODEX (250 mg/kg), Hepadif (200 mg/kg), DDB complex (DDB 50 mg/kg and garlic oil powder 50 mg/kg), DDB (50 mg/kg), and vehicle control respectively. There was a significant decrement on the serum level of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and total bilirubin in all treated groups. Specially, ALT level of GODEX and Hepadif only treated groups was decreased c1early. Also, serum albumin level was significantly enhanced in GODEX treated group compared with control and DDB treated groups. In histological results, hepatocellular vacuolar degeneration, lobular restructure and necrosis of bile duct were severely showed in control. But other treated groups showed centerilobular degeneration and mild hyper-plasia. Hepadif or DDB has a effects of the recovery on serum parameters and structure ill liver injury. When it was compared GODEX to Hepadif alone or DDB complex or DDB, it suggested to have the best activity of the liver recovery.

• 생약학회지
• /
• 제40권1호
• /
• pp.35-40
• /
• 2009

The immunomodulatory activities of the ethanol extract of Gynostemma pentaphyllum, termed hereafter as GPE, were examined in immunosuppressed mice as well as in normal mice in the present study. Oral administration of GPE into mice prevented dexamethasone (DEX)-induced immunosuppression as determined by the mitogen-induced proliferation of the splenocytes and the the cytokine production (TNF-$\alpha$, IL-$1{\beta}$) in the whole blood culture. In addition, oral administration of GPE increased antitumor host defense in mice implanted with sarcoma-180 tumor cells. The immunoaugmenting activity of orally administered GPE was also confirmed in mice immunized with ovalbumin (OVA). Mice that were orally administered with GPE generated much more potent OVA-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses upon intravenous OVA injection compared to the untreated controls. These results demonstrate that oral administration of the ethanol extract of Gynostemma pentaphyllum could be useful to increase host defense in immunocompromised situations such as stress- or tumor-induced immunosuppression.

• 동의생리병리학회지
• /
• 제24권6호
• /
• pp.1027-1033
• /
• 2010

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Astragali radix on brain edema of intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH)-induced rats. Brain edema following ICH was induced via the stereotaxic intrastriatal injection of bacterial collagenase type VII in Sprague-Dawley rats. Ethanol extract of Astragli radix was treated once a day for 3 days. Then brain hematoma volume and edema were examined. Immunohistochemistry was processed for iNOS, c-Fos, Bax, and HSP72 expressions in the brain sections and each immuno-labeling were calculated with image analysis. Ethanol extract of Astragli radix reduced hematoma volume(not significantly) and brain edema(significantly) ICH induced rats. Ethanol extract of Astragli radix reduced iNOS expressions, c-Fos, Bax and HSP72 positive cells significantly and reduced apoptotic bodies and swollen neurons in ICH induced rat brain. These results suggest that Astragli radix plays an inhibitory role in the hemorrhagic, inflammatory and apoptotic events induced by ICH. And it is supposed that neuroprotective effect of Astragli radix reveals by anti-apoptosis mechanism.

• Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• 제23권3호
• /
• pp.242-249
• /
• 2018

The use of palm oil and diesel blended with ethanol, known as a microemulsion biofuel, is gaining attention as an attractive renewable fuel for engines that may serve as a replacement for fossil-based fuels. The microemulsion biofuels can be formulated from the mixture of palm oil and diesel as the oil phase; ethanol as the polar phase; methyl oleate as the surfactant; alkanols as the cosurfactants. This study investigates the influence of the three cosurfactants on fuel consumption and exhaust gas emissions in a direct-injection (DI) diesel engine. The microemulsion biofuels along with neat diesel fuel, palm oil-diesel blends, and biodiesel-diesel blends were tested in a DI diesel engine at two engine loads without engine modification. The formulated microemulsion biofuels increased fuel consumption and gradually reduced the nitrogen oxides ($NO_x$) emissions and exhaust gas temperature; however, there was no significant difference in their carbon monoxide (CO) emissions when compared to those of diesel. Varying the carbon chain length of the cosurfactant demonstrated that the octanol-microemulsion fuel emitted lower CO and $NO_x$ emissions than the butanol- and decanol-microemulsion fuels. Thus, the microemulsion biofuels demonstrated competitive advantages as potential fuels for diesel engines because they reduced exhaust emissions.

• 한국화재소방학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국화재소방학회 1997년도 International Symposium on Fire Science and Technology
• /
• pp.518-525
• /
• 1997

A series of measurements and visualization to investigate the interaction of water sprays with pool fires is presented. Fire source is a small-scale pool burner with methanol, ethanol and gasoline. Measurements of temperatures, $O_2$, $CO_2$, and CO concentrations along the plume centerline are carried out to observe pool fire structures without water sprays. Visualization by the Ar-ion laser sheet shows flow pattern of droplets of the sprays above the pool fires. It is observed that in the case of methanol and ethanol, water sprays continuously penetrate into the center of fuel surfaces. The gasoline pool fire allows intermittent penetration of water sprays because of pulsating characteristics of the gasoline flame. To evaluate the cooling effect of the fuel surface by the sprays, the temperature was measured at the fuel surface. As soon as the mists reach the fuel surface of methanol and ethanol, the temperatures of the fuel surface decrease rapidly below the boiling point, and then the fires are extinguished. Due to the application of mist upon the gasoline fire, though the fuel temperature decrease abruptly at the time of the injection, such a rapid decrease do not continue till the extinction point.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
• /
• 제33권3호
• /
• pp.435-440
• /
• 2016

Streptozotocin(STZ)을 45mg/kg, body weight(b.w)의 용량으로 흰쥐의 미정맥에 투여 한 후 유발된 당뇨 흰쥐에게 우엉 뿌리 에탄올 추출물을 1일 1회 7일간 1,000mg/kg,bw의 용량으로 투여하고 항산화작용에 관여하는 glutathione-s-transferase(GST), catalase(CAT), glutathioneperoxidase (GSH-Px)활성과 malondialdehyde(MDA)와 glutathione(GSH) 함량을 측정한 결과 우엉 뿌리 에탄올 추추물 투여군에서 MDA 함량, CAT와 GSH-Px 활성 등의 유의적인 감소(p<0.05)를, GSH 함량과 GST 활성은 유의적인 증가(p<0.05)를 나타내었다. 이와 같이 우엉 뿌리 에탄올 추출물이 항산화 개선효과를 갖는 유효성분을 함유하고 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
• /
• 제37권4호
• /
• pp.682-687
• /
• 2020

Streptozotocin(STZ)을 45mg/kg.b.w의 용량으로 흰쥐의 미정맥에 투여 한 후 당뇨병이 유발된 당뇨 흰쥐에게 1일 1회 7일간 1,000mg/kg,b.w의 용량으로 황백에탄올 추출물을 투여 후 glucose 함량과 당대사에 관여하는 효소인 glucose-6-phosphatase(G-6-Pase), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase(G-6-PDH, glucokinase(GK)활성과 glycogen 함량을 측정한 결과 황백 에탄올 추출물 투여군이 glucose 함량과 G-6-Pase 활성의 유의적인 감소를 나타내었으며 glycogen 함량과 G-6-PDH, GK의 활성은 유의적인 증가를 나타내었다. 이와 같이 황백 에탄올 추출물이 혈당강하 효과를 가졌다.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
• /
• 제36권3호
• /
• pp.898-904
• /
• 2019

Streptozotocin(STZ)을 45mg/kg.b.w의 용량으로 흰쥐의 미정맥에 투여 한 후 당뇨병이 유발된 당뇨 흰쥐에게 1일 1회 7일간 1,000mg/kg의 용량으로 황기에탄올 추출물을 투여 후 glucose함량과 당대사에 관여하는 효소인 glucose-6-phosphatase(G-6-Pase), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase(G-6-PDH, glucokinase(GK)활성과 glycogen 함량, triglyceride(TG), total cholesterol등의 지질대사에 관여하는 물질들을 측정한 결과 황기 에탄올 추출물 투여군이 glucose, TG, total cholesterol등의 함량과 G-6-Pase 활성의 유의적인 감소를 나타내었으며 glycogen 함량과 G-6-PDH, GK의 활성이 유의적인 증가를 나타내었다. 이와 같이 황기 에탄올 추출물이 항당뇨 개선효과를 갖는 유효성분을 함유하고 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• 생약학회지
• /
• 제40권3호
• /
• pp.213-217
• /
• 2009

This study was done to investigate the antioxidative effect of polygoni radix in Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced by intravenous injection of STZ at a dose of 45 mg/kg dissolved in citrate buffer. The ethanol extract of Polygoni radix was orally administrated once a day for 7 days. The contents of Total cholesterol, triglyceride (TG) were significantly decreased in Polygoni radix treated STZ-sample group compared with to the those of STZ-control group. The hepatic cytosolic activities of glutathione-s-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD) were significantly increased, Also the content of glutathione (GSH) was incresaed in Polygoni radix treated STZ-sample group compared with to the those of STZ-control group. but the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the hepatic cytosolic activity of Catalase (CAT) were decreaed but not statistical significant. These results indicated that ethanol extract of polygoni radix was effective for the antidxidative in the STZ-induced diabetic rats.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
• /
• 제25권3호
• /
• pp.347-354
• /
• 2008

This study was done to investigate the antidiabetic effect of polygoni radix in Streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced by intravenous injection of STZ at a dose of 45mg/kg dissolved in citrate buffer. The ethanol extract of polygoni radix was orally administrated once a day for 7 days. The content of serum glucose, triglyceride(TG), total cholesterol were significantly decreased in polygoni radix treated STZ-sample group compared to the those of STZ-control group. The content of hepatic glycogen and activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase(Glucose-6-PDH), glucokinase were significantly increased, but activity of glucose-6-phoshatase was decreased in polygoni radix treated STZ-sample group compared to the those of STZ-control group. These results indicated that ethanol extract of polygoni radix would have antidiabetic effect in STZ-induced diabetic rats.