• 공학교육연구
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.36-48
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• 2005

공학분야의 빠른 발전에 따라 교육이 뒤쳐지는 현상이 심화되고 있다. 이러한 시기에 시의 적절한 공학교육을 위해서는 교수들의 임의적인 교과과정의 개정이 아닌 적절한 시스템에 의한 교과과정의 개편이 요구되어진다. 본 논문에서는 기능직 교과에서 사용하던 직무분석법을 일반 교과과정 설계에 사용한 예를 보여준다. 직능원에서 제시한 교과과정 설계는 지나치게 세부적으로 작업에 필요한 competence(지식, 기능력, 태도 도구 등)를 제시하였다. 일반 교과과정에서는 이렇게 자세한 직무분석은 피하고 시대에 따라 달라지는 목표학습 성과를 설정하고 이것을 이루기 위한 교과과정을 개발하기 위해서 졸업생의 사회진출 추이를 조사하여 대표 직무를 선정하고 직무를 분석하여 필요한 competence를 도출하고 거기에 따라 교육목표도 수정하였다. 전문가 회의도 주체하여 졸업생 및 산업체의 의견도 수렴하여 실제 현장에서 필요한 교육을 실시하고자 한다. 이러한 교과과정의 개편은 명지대학교에서 수행하고 있는 순환적 자율 개선형 교육제도의 일환으로 실시되고 있다.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제58권6호
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• pp.590-599
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• 2014

환경문제를 해결하는데 중요한 환경교육은 학교 현장에서 효과적으로 이루어지려면 교사들의 인식이 많은 영향을 미칠 것이다. 따라서 본 연구는 부산시 중학교 교사들의 환경 문제에 대한 인식을 2007년 및 2012년 두 차례에 걸쳐 설문조사를 하였다. 2007년 교사 200명, 2012년 300명의 교사들을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였으며 471명의 자료가 분석되었다. 교사들의 환경 문제에 대한 인식 수준을 시점, 경력, 전공 교과를 기준으로 비교 분석하여 일선 교육 현장에서의 환경교육을 위한 기초자료를 제시하고자 한다. 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 두 시점 간 교사들의 환경 문제 인식 차이는 통계적으로 유의미하였다(p<.01). 특히, 현대 환경 문제 인식, 이산화탄소 배출권 제도 등은 과학 전공 교사 및 비과학 전공 교사들에게 인식 차이가 뚜렷하게 나타났다. 이는 최근 들어 세계 곳곳에서 나타나는 기상이변과 무분별한 소비위주의 생활방식의 심각성에 기인한다고 여겨진다. 둘째, 경력에 따른 환경 문제의 인식 차이가 통계적으로 유의미하였다(p<.01). 전체적으로 현대 환경 문제 인식, 이산화탄소 배출권 제도, 오존층 파괴, 적조현상, 환경 정책 등에서 인식 차이가 뚜렷하게 나타났다. 전공과 무관하게 경력이 많은 교사가 환경오염의 심각성, 환경보전의 필요성, 건강의 중요성 등을 인식하는 정도가 높았다. 셋째, 과학 전공 교사 및 비과학 전공 교사에 따라 환경 문제 인식 차이는 통계적으로 유의미하였다(p<.01). 특히 현대 환경 문제 인식, 이산화탄소 배출권 제도, 오존층 파괴, 핵폐기물, 환경 호르몬, 적조 현상 등 환경 문제 전반에 걸쳐 과학 전공 교사 및 비과학 전공 교사들의 인식 차이가 뚜렷하였다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제23권12호
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• pp.1557-1565
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• 2010

Methyl paraben (MP), which is used as a preservative in pharmaceutical and cosmetic (shampoo) products, foods and beverages, enters into the aquatic environment and can pose a potential fish health hazard. In this experiment, effects of MP were evaluated in adult male common carp (Cyprinus carpio) by exposing them to fractions (1/$143^{rd}$ to 1/29th) of the $LC_{50}$ dose with every change of water for 28 days. Vitellogenin induction, metabolic enzymes, somatic indices and bioaccumulation were studied at weekly intervals. The $96^{th}$ h $LC_{50}$ of MP in fingerlings was 120 mg/L. Compared to the control, except for increases (p<0.01) in alkaline phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.1), alanine aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.2) and liver size, there were decreases (p<0.01) in activity of acid phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.2), aspartate aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.1), and testiculosomatic index following exposure to any dose of MP. Vitellogenin induction was significantly higher (p<0.01) in exposed than unexposed (control) fish. The bioaccumulation of MP in testis, liver, brain, gills and muscle tissues of fish increased significantly (p<0.01) with increase of dose from 0.84 ppm to 1.68 ppm. Dose and duration of exposure (p<0.01) indicated that an exposure period of 1 to 2 weeks was sufficient to cause changes in the quantifiable parameters studied. Fish exposed to 4.2 ppm MP became lethargic after the $26^{th}$ d. Histologically, degeneration, vacuolization and focal necrotic changes in liver and fibrosis-like changes in testicular tissue were noted.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.773-783
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• 2008

In this paper, data collected from 22 different rural watersheds during stormflow conditions were analyzed. Those watersheds consisted of forest and cultivated land. EMC data analysis indicates that as agricultural land use increases, EMC values of TSS, COD and TN clearly tends to increase, but TP does not show a significant increase. Pattern of the pollutographs mostly has a similarity in hydrograph shape except nitrogen which inherently shows a variability and complication. The fraction of soluble reactive-P to TP increases as cultivated land use increases while mobile-nitrogen portion was higher in the runoff from forested watersheds than agricultural areas. During stormflow, pollutograph of the nitrogen was determined mainly by change in Particle-TKN as other pollutants but its effect is thought to be masked by decrease of dissolved form of nitrogen due to the dilution.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.35-50
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to investigate the recognition degrees of contents in Home Economics textbook for middle school students among pre-middle school students and their parents. It is for developing better Home Economics textbook. Three objectives of this study were ; 1) To find the recognition degrees of the fact that Home Economics subject is supposed to utilize for not only girls, but boys students in middle schools in 1996 among pre-middle school students and their parents. 2) To find the degrees of necessity in each field of Home Economics subject among pre-middle school students and their parents. 3) To find the differences in recognition degrees of understandings, attitudes, and sills of Home Economics subject between pre-middle school students and their parents. Questionnaire survey method was utilized to 1,205 sixth grade students and their parents in Pusan. The results of this study as follows; 1) It was low that the recognition degrees of the fact that Home Economics subject is supposed to utilize for both girls and boys in middle school among both pre-middle school students and their parents. This result implies that it is important to important to disseminate the curriculum change in Home Economics practice to the public. 2) It was high that the recognition degree of necessity in each field of Home Economics subject among pre-middle school students and their parents. The recognition degree were different according to sociodemographic factors. That is , $\circled1$the recognition degrees of students were lower than their parents; $\circled2$ the recognition degrees of parents who have high education were higher than those who have low education ; $\circled3$ the recognition degree of an environmental field was highest. 3) There were little differences between pre-middle school students and their parents in the recognition degrees of understandings, attitudes, and skills of Home Economics subjects: The recognition degrees of girls fathers showed higher scores than boys fathers those of in understandings and skills of Home Economics subject. The recognition degrees of girls fathers showed higher scores than those of girls in attitudes of Home Economics subject.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제32권10호
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• pp.1275-1283
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• 2022

Understanding soil microbial community structure in the Arctic is essential for predicting the impact of climate change on interactions between organisms living in polar environments. The hypothesis of the present study was that soil microbial communities and soil chemical characteristics would vary depending on their associated plant species and local environments in Arctic mature soils. We analyzed soil bacterial communities and soil chemical characteristics from soil without vegetation (bare soil) and rhizosphere soil of three Arctic plants (Cassiope tetragona [L.] D. Don, Dryas octopetala L. and Silene acaulis [L.] Jacq.) in different local environments (coal-mined site and seashore-adjacent site). We did not observe any clear differences in microbial community structure in samples belonging to different plant rhizospheres; however, samples from different environmental sites had distinct microbial community structure. The samples from coal-mined site had a relatively higher abundance of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes. On the other hand, Acidobacteria was more prevalent in seashore-adjacent samples. The relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria decreased toward higher soil pH, whereas that of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes was positively correlated with soil pH. Our results suggest that soil bacterial community dissimilarity can be driven by spatial heterogeneity in deglaciated mature soil. Furthermore, these results indicate that soil microbial composition and relative abundance are more affected by soil pH, an abiotic factor, than plant species, a biotic factor.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.436-449
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• 2012

This study aimed to investigate primary students' science-related attitudes through the literature review. Ninety-four papers published in domestic science education journals, since 1990, were collected and were followed by content analysis. In this study, science-related attitude was conceptualized as attitude toward science, scientist, science-related occupations, and school science, which is composed of cognitive, affective and behavioral domains. Based on the conceptualization, the instruments used for measuring students' attitudes were analyzed. The analysis of definition of science-related attitude in the articles showed different foci on cognitive, affective and behavioral domains. To suggest the effective instruction for enhancing students' science-related attitudes, this study identified students' attitude with gender, grade, residence and achievement level. The result showed that male, urban, higher-grade and better performed students had more positive attitude than female, rural, lower-grade and less performed students. As for the factors in science-related attitude, I categorized the factors into personal, environmental and pedagogical aspects, and found that psychological elements in all domains were most influential to students' change of science-related attitudes. It is interesting to note that students showed dichotomous views about experiment and that task-oriented instruction failed to enhance students' attitude. Based on the research findings, this study suggests effective instruction for improving students' attitudes and future research for science education.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.583-589
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• 2013

This study was to provide the information for optimum utilization of the air-conditioning system in the human health and energy saving perspective. Subjects were 17 male and female college students(7 males and 10 females) with normal weight. They wore a short sleeved shirt, knee length trousers, socks, and underwear(0.4clo). They were asked to choose the preferred temperature from different environmental temperatures($28^{\circ}C$, $25^{\circ}C$). The physiological responses were measured and the subjective sensation was voted during the step changes of environmental temperature, starting at $28^{\circ}C$ to $25^{\circ}C$ with $1^{\circ}C$ decrease every 20 minutes. The preferred temperature was $25.9{\pm}0.4^{\circ}C$ for males and $26.9{\pm}0.2^{\circ}C$ for females at $28^{\circ}C$ and $24.8{\pm}0.6^{\circ}C$ for males and $25.6{\pm}0.1^{\circ}C$ for females at $25^{\circ}C$. The preferred temperature decreased about $1.3^{\circ}C$ while the environmental temperature changed $3^{\circ}C$. During the environmental step changes, mean skin temperature decreased more in females while the oxygen uptake and rectal temperature were kept constant for both males and females. We found the preferred temperature was affected by the exposed temperature and the thermal sensation in the condition. Subjects preferred a lower environmental temperature when they were exposed to a lower temperature with cooler sensation. Therefore, in the perspective of human health and energy saving, it is recommended to start setting the air-conditioning temperature higher than the preferred temperature.

• 교육시설 논문지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.11-21
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• 2016

After the twenty-first century, the university emphasize on the role of knowledge creation facilities, and for this, various social and educational requirements are changing the environment of higher education. These change makes university that has old facilities difficult to correspond environmental changes. The purpose of this study is to review the facilities manual of Establishment and Management of university and to suggest amendment of Establishment and Management of university by exploring the university educational environment and facilities plan to respond various changes. We reviewed division of university studies, classification system of facilities, Area Standard of building and site in th provision for university establishment and operation, based on studying domestic university facilities standards, space management standards, facilities condition of national/private university and doing a survey of university facilities satisfaction and propriety of facilities standard in 120 universities. According to this study on validity and propriety of rules, we suggest amendment of Establishment and Management of university that can respond changing higher education environment.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제19권10호
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• pp.1237-1246
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• 2010

This paper aims to analyze the perception of university students for the extreme heat watch warning and suggest the usefulness of special weather reports. For this, we have made up a descriptive questionnaires including the perception, mass media, usefulness and satisfaction of special weather report. Using the SPSS 17.0 program, descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA and Scheffe test were used to analyze the collected data. The result are as follows; The perception of extreme heat watch warning was some low as 59.1 percentile, we think it needs education and public relations about the extreme heat watch warning. The usefulness of special weather report was 66.6 percentile and of girl students of university that was educated about health care was higher than one of boy students of university, it needs continuous education of these students in order to upgrade satisfaction of special report and mitigate the hazard of extreme heat according to climate change. The main media to get the meteorological information of university undergraduate students were TV and Internet, it needed education and development of new contents. From these findings, suggestions are presented to help improve the extreme heat watch warning.