• KIEAE Journal
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.79-87
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to identify the planning features of apartments that are people-friendly, nature-friendly and ones that improve the quality of the apartments through sustainable design characteristics found in the apartment community space. This study found the sustainable design characteristics through the case of 8 environment-friendly apartment in the Seoul-Gyeunggi area. Sustainable design was categorized into three areas a) social sustainability b) economic sustainability c) ecological sustainability. The major findings are summarized as follows: First, socially sustainable design which included plans for various types of squares, spaces for pedestrians showed high application of universal design plans. While, plans to maximize open spaces that facilitate the social exchanges among residents showed low application. Second, economically sustainable design showed high application in terms of access to public transportation and bicycle storage facilities. However, planning factors such as alternative energy facilities, recyclable materials, reuse of rainwaterand heavy water showed low application. Third, environmentally sustainable design included high application of promenades, artificially created green space and various types of water space. On the other hand, nature study centers, biotope and environment friendly parking space showed low application.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.249-254
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• 2008

The objective of this study is to interpret a environmental-friendly plan factors of Korean traditional settlement used of existing classification system. The existing classification system framework is six environmental ecological ideas as the adaptation to the adaptation to the availability of land, the eco-space in village, the system of house, the cycling of material and the reasonable energy system, the water resources, prevention of environment pollution. Additional research was undertaken to verify the findings. Through the interpretation, it has been found out that Gu-Rim tradition village has been developed to an environmental ecological rational setting and has the meaningful elements for environmental friendly housing estates.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.71-81
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• 2013

Purpose - This study investigated the effects of consumers' selection criteria for environment-friendly agricultural products on purchase intention and the effects of consumers' attitudes and the reliability of environment-friendly agricultural products on purchase intention by using the theory of planned behavior. Subjective norms of variables of behavioral intention, attitudes toward behavior and control of the behavior were used to create selection criteria, consumers' attitudes and reliability of environment-friendly agricultural products. The study investigated the effects of consumers' selection criteria, attitudes, and reliability of environment-friendly agricultural products on purchase intention constructing models and hypotheses of mediation and moderation between selection criteria for agricultural products and purchase intention by consumers' attitudes and reliability. Research design, data, and methodology - The findings were as follows: first, consumers' selection criteria for environment-friendly agricultural products had a significantly affirmative influence upon purchase intention. Health was the most important factor of selection criteria convenience was more important than quality and familiarity was next. Consumers' attitudes and trust had a significant influence on purchase intention. Second, testing showed that consumers' attitude and trust partially mediated selection criteria: sub-factors and purchase intention were important in selection criteria. Third, testing showed that consumers' attitude and trust had a significant moderation effect between selection criteria and purchase intention. In the test of the moderation effect between sub-factors of selection criteria and purchase intention, consumers' attitude had a significantly positive influence upon health, convenience, and familiarity, and had no significant influence upon quality and purchase intention. Consumers' trust had no significant influence upon health, convenience, and quality. Results - The study provided several theoretical implications: first, an empirical analysis was undertaken with selection criteria for environmental-friendly agricultural products, consumers' attitude, and trust to investigate subjective norms, attitude toward behavior and control of behavior based on the theory of planned behavior. Second, this study investigated both the mediation effect and moderation effect of consumers' subjective norms on attitudes toward behavior, the mediating effects of perceived behavior control and changes of behavioral intention depending upon size and direction of the variables. This study also provided several practical implications. Conclusions - First, consumption of environment-friendly agricultural products did not increase despite rapid increase of production therefore, promotion of consumption and distribution was needed considering the supply and demand of the products. Second, definite standards for selection criteria were suggested to build up consumers' attitude and trust. Consumers' attitude could be improved by factors including the brand of environment-friendly agricultural products, consistent quality, solving physiological problems caused by adverse effects of environmental problems, supplementary approaches, treatment of adverse effects by eating food, and the development and supply of products in accordance with changes of lifestyle. Finally, consumers' demand for sub-factors of selection criteria could be much higher than health, convenience, and quality of the products. Therefore, a process was needed that could continuously check consumers' needs for the products. Limitations were described at the end of the study.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.21-28
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• 2011

This thesis aims to identify the design guidelines for environmental plans for the facilities for the aged people with a focus on the users' needs and the concept of aging in place. For this purpose major environmental design factors were researched by analyzing spaces and interviewing the managers and supervisor of W nursing home in Jeju Island that was opened in 1980s. Surveyed factors were divided into five categories, and by applying the design guideline theory of age friendly environment and nursing home facilities to them, five municipal composition factors of Kevin Lynch, universal design, environmental behavior model of John Zeisel principles were found. On the other hand, the environmental changes and development process of W nursing home is a showcase that reveals the importance of narrowing the gap in the opinions of the space users, the experts of architecture and administration which is emphasized in the principles of Inquiry by Design of John Zeisel. This research is expected to be used effectively for the researchers who study the space designs for the age-friendly environment.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.49-78
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• 1998

Nowadays, there are increasing demands of golf courses and it is necessary to make more golf courses than the present. To do this, we need to improve the environmental problems with the regional inhabitants, and it is said that the first thing to be considered in developing any golf course in Korea is to preserve the environment. In this context, the purpose of this study is to set forth several design factors to lessen the negative impacts which are accompanied with the development of golf courses. 1. The present conditions of golf courses in Korea Many new golf courses have come into being, particularly since the late 1980s, and now, in the year of 1997, over one hundred of golf courses are doing their business, yet the number of golf course is still less than required. So far, over a half of them have been made in the vicinity of Seoul on account of various reasons, and this has adversely affected on our natural environment. This unreasonable development of golf courses has caused serious water pollution, landslides and the other problems. Also, the topography of Korea is not good for golf courses. Although the demands of golf courses are increasing, the suitable sites for them are very limited, and therefore it is sometimes unavoidable to make golf courses on steep hills. Consequently, in designing golf courses in Korea, the most important thing is the balance between natural environment and artificial environment. 2.Eco-friendly golf course design factors 1) The concept of eco-friendly golf courses Ecologically sustainable and sound golf courses which are made by eco-friendly approaches 2)Basic conditions of eco-friendly golf courses (1)The most suitable sites (2) Conservation of existing ground as much as possible (3)Proper use of agricultural chemicals which have great impacts on the environment (4) Reasonable use of fertilizers (5) Developing a specialized fertilizer only for grass (6) Adaptation of organic agriculture (7) Improvement of grass sorts (8) Establishing reservoirs for purifying the water from golf courses 3) Eco-friendly golf courses (1) Location-Enough area /Gentle slope/Winding ground/Including lakes or streams /Not crossing wind's main direction Facing south or southeast /Suitable soIl for grass /Good drainage /Low level of underground water (2)Course layout and design -Consideration about existing contours as much as possible -Adaptation of Scotish design trend -Various holes' configuration -Consideration toward surrounding landscapes -Reducing grass areas -Giving buffer zones -Adapting computer methods in the process of site analysis and design (3) Eco-friendly considerations in constructing and managing golf courses -Protection of wildlife -Reuse of existing forests and preservation of topsoil -Renovation of old-fashioned courses -Reducing grass areas -Purification of water -Standization of management -Strict regulations against chemicals -Recycling organic materials -Through separation of the water inside golf courses and out of bounds -Getting proper construction works done in a due time 4.Eco-friendly considerations from a viewpoint of cultural environment 1) Well-matched landscape design and events planning 2) Implement of identifications and awarding systerns 3)Acknowledgement of superintendents' qualitications in the maintenance of golf courses 4)Increasing public golf courses and keeping good relationships with the neighbors near golf courses Key words: Pro-environmental development, Golf course.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.39-56
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• 2010

The purpose of this research was to analyze the relationship between environment-friendly housing behaviors and the influential variables among consumers by focusing on housing life. This research carried out a questionnaire survey with housewives living in Seoul and the Metropolitan area using a questionnaire that was composed based on previous research. The housewives' environment-friendly housing attitudes and their resource-saving knowledge level, along with environmental education-related variables, house ownership, and the housewives' employment appeared to be significant variables in explaining the generic environment-friendly housing behaviors found in this research. Three regression equations, classified into purchasing, utilization, and disposal behaviors, were employed. The empirical results were relatively similar to those for the generic environment-friendly housing behaviors; however, each model provided somewhat different results in some specific aspects. All the environmental education-related variables appeared to be significant in explaining environment-friendly housing utilization behaviors, and were similar to the results obtained from the generic environment-friendly housing behaviors. However, the variables were limited in explaining environment-friendly housing-related disposal behaviors. The convenience, recycling ease, and family-structure variables appeared to be significant influences on environment-friendly housing-related disposal behaviors. Most empirical results of this research were consistent with those of previous studies. However, the explanatory independent variables varied, depending on the types of each domain of environment-friendly housing behaviors studied.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.119-128
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• 2004

In 2004, the Incheon Urban Development Corporation held a design competition for the Song-Do apartment complex development. Several projects that won the prize in the recent design competitions were reviewed to look around the current design tendency, and current conditions of the site were surveyed. The authors tried to combine digital and environment-friendly factors, considering the site condition. Because the site is on reclaimed land and is located at the center of the information-technology industrial area, these two factors inform the main concept of this project. The site was divided into two different zones : the Ocean Zone and the Digital Zone. The 'community spaces'(community street, community plaza and so on) were designed for the various activities of the residents. The Patios, 'private' community spaces, included many facilities for play, appreciation, rest, exercise, refreshment and gathering. To avoid common landscape styles in the patios, simple and minimal forms were designed. The environmental sculptures were carefully planned, allocated and shaped with digital technology, based on the 'Present and Future of Song-Do'. The authors also tried to introduce environment-friendly factors, such as the green roof system, wall planting, and the water recycling system. This project is following the M.A. (Master Architect) process, and is still being modified to make the hi-tech and environment-friendly apartment complex.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.59 no.9
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• pp.146-162
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• 2009

In the current product and fashion design, the 'eco-friendliness' is affecting practically and conceptually on all the sectors of industry and culture. Therefore, this study seeks to examine specific values in the concept of eco-friendly design. The subjects of this paper are studied on the scholarly journals, and are confined to those from 1990, when naturalism and ecology trend started to be in product and fashion, to the moment of search of February 2009. This study used 'Naturalism', 'Green', 'Environment-friendly', 'Eco', 'Sustainable', 'Well-being' and 'Lohas' as key words for the search. Analysis is performed by content analysis and the unit of analysis was based upon the adjectives, nouns and phrases which is related key words in the concept of eco-friendly design. The study realized that there are personal value, environmental value, economic value, and social value in the concept of eco-friendly design. In the result, it is not enough to consider the effect on environment only. Understanding the personal, environmental, economic, and social value from the viewpoint of customers, finding the optimal design factors, and reflecting them in development of product and fashion are necessary to pave the way for advanced eco-friendly design. The results of this paper would help to the future product and fashion development for eco-friendly brands.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2007.03a
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• pp.376-385
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• 2007

Construction project is necessary element for human life to upgrade the quality and convenience. However, due to its contradictory nature to the environment preservation, environmental pollution and damage, deterioration of natural scenery, noise/vibration, water quality pollution, etc. caused in the process of construction greatly affect the environment. For the building or construction project, its possible impact on environment during construction work and after completion must be predicted at its design phase, which will result in the completion of the architecture convenient for human being with its environmental pollution reduced to minimum level. In this study, the checklist of environmental factors was suggested, which should be taken into account at its design phase in conducting the construction work. Proposed checklist was linked with the developed web-based system for the convenience of users like designer and construction manager, etc. It is expected that the checklist suggested by this study will help the designer and construction manager to continue the steady development from the environmental viewpoint during the design phase.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.34 no.10
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• pp.1754-1766
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• 2010

Excessive consumption, pollution, and am expanding global population are seen as very important issues that must be solved through reusable materials and the reduction of energy consumption. This study examines the values and design elements such as line, color, and textures in eco-friendly fashion that could contribute to the product development of an eco-friendly brand. The following methods of analysis were used in this study. An in-depth interview (where the interviewer records the response of interviewers to questions) was used to grasp the diverse design properties of products that customers need or want and the recorded interviews were documented by computer using open coding. The results show that the personal, economic, and social value of eco-friendly fashion has increased, in addition to the environmental value. The needs and preference of customers for eco-friendly fashion design were diversified and the consumer consciousness was more advanced than the consciousness of experts. This shows that it is not enough to consider the effect on the environment. In conclusion, understanding the personal, environmental, economic, and social value from the viewpoint of customers, finding the optimal design factors, and reflecting them in the development of products are necessary for advanced eco-friendly fashion.