• ETRI Journal
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.197-202
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• 2015

A smart grid is a modernized electrical grid that uses information about the behaviors of suppliers and consumers in an automated fashion to improve the efficiency, reliability, economics, and sustainability of the production and distribution of electricity. In the operation of a smart grid, demand side management (DSM) plays an important role in allowing customers to make informed decisions regarding their energy consumption. In addition, it helps energy providers reduce peak load demand and reshapes the load profile. In this paper, we propose a new DSM scheduling scheme that makes use of the day-ahead pricing strategy. Based on the Rubinstein-Stahl bargaining model, our pricing strategy allows consumers to make informed decisions regarding their power consumption, while reducing the peak-to-average ratio. With a simulation study, it is demonstrated that the proposed scheme can increase the sustainability of a smart grid and reduce overall operational costs.

• 한국건축친환경설비학회 논문집
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.531-542
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• 2018

Building energy demands have highly risen in modern society; thus, It is necessary to reduce building energy demands especially commercial buildings adopting a curtain wall architecture. Curtain wall architectures have a high ratio of windows which is a vulnerable in heat insulations as cladding. In order to complement insulation performance of windows in these buildings, there are various methods adopted often such as installing blinds, wing wall and films. There are two suggestions of this paper. 1) WWR (Window-to-Wall Ratio) makes a impaction of energy demands in buildings. 2) Another one is an efficiency of blind systems which are installed in buildings in order to reduce cooling demands. It is also critical to make fundamental model for low-energy building construction by processing a lot of simulation As a result by this study, 1) an external blind system is more useful for reducing cooling energy demands rather than an internal blind system. 2) Buildings which have a large window require more amount of cooling demands. In case of WWR 45%, it needs more cooling energy rather than WWR 15% model's 3) Adopting blind system would reduce energy demands. WWR 45% model with external blind systems reduces about 4% of cooling energy demands compared to same model without any blind systems.4) it is necessary to study an efficiency of blind systems combined with renewable energy and it will be possible to reduce more energy demand in building significantly.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.267-292
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• 2023

본 논문에서는 에너지 가격에 대한 비대칭 반응을 중심으로 산업부문의 에너지 수요 모형을 시계열 방법으로 추정하였다. 에너지 가격에 대한 비대칭 반응을 모형에 포함하는 경우, 공적분 관계가 강건해지고 추정계수의 방법 간 편차도 줄어들었다. 에너지 가격이 하락할 때보다 상승할 때 에너지 수요에 더 큰 영향을 미치며, 특히 에너지 가격이 기존 최고치를 경신할 정도로 상승할 때 영향이 가장 큰 것으로 나타났다. 한편 생산지표로 부가가치보다 총산출 자료를 사용하는 경우에 추정결과가 부분적으로 개선되었다. 단일회귀식 추정방법으로 비대칭 반응모형을 추정하면, 총산출의 탄력성이 1.05~1.09, 가격상승의 탄력성이 -0.48~-0.56으로 해외 연구에서 제시하는 결과와 유사한 수준으로 나타났다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.29-39
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• 2019

In this study, we introduce a model that satisfies energy efficiency and economical efficiency by introducing and demonstrating cogeneration generators in industrial complexes using various actual data collected at the site. The proposed model is composed of three scenarios, ie, full - time operation, scenario operated according to demand, and a fusion type. In this study, the power generation profit and surplus thermal energy are measured according to the operation of the generator, and the thermal energy is traded according to the demand of the customer to calculate the profit and loss including the heat and evaluate the economic efficiency. As a result of the study, it is relatively profitable to reduce the generation of the generator under the condition that the electricity rate is low and the gas rate is high, while the basic charge is not increased. On the contrary, if the electricity rate is high and the gas rate is low, The more you start up, the more profit you can see. These results show that even a cogeneration power plant with a low economic efficiency due to a low "spark spread" has sufficient economic value if it can sell more than a certain amount of heat energy from a nearby customer and adjust the applied power through peak management.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.1511-1518
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• 2017

Renewable energy hybrid systems look into the process of choosing the finest arrangement of components and their sizing with suitable operation approach to deliver effective, consistent and cost effective energy source. This paper presents hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) solar photovoltaic, downdraft biomass gasifier, and fuel cell based generation system. HRES electrical power to supply the electrical load demand of academic research building sited in $23^{\circ}12^{\prime}N$ latitude and $77^{\circ}24^{\prime}E$ longitude, India. Fuzzy logic programming discover the most effective capital and replacement value on components of HRES. The cause regarding fuzzy logic rule usage on HOMER pro (Hybrid optimization model for multiple energy resources) software program finds the optimum performance of HRES. HRES is designed as well as simulated to average energy demand 56.52 kWh/day with a peak energy demand 4.4 kW. The results shows the fuel cell and battery bank are the most significant modules of the HRES to meet load demand at late night and early morning hours. The total power generation of HRES is 23,794 kWh/year to the supply of the load demand is 20,631 kWh/year with 0% capacity shortage.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.31-38
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• 2012

In this paper, we draws tendency of the electricity consumption in residential buildings according to inhabitants Composition types and the level of incomes. it is necessary to reduce energy cost and keep energy security through the electricity demand forecasting and management technology. Progressive social change such as increases of single household, the aging of society, increases in the income level will replace the existing residential electricity demand pattern. However, Only with conventional methods that using only the energy consumption per-unit area are based on Energy final consumption data can not respond to those social and environmental change. To develop electricity demand estimation model that can cope flexibly to changes in the social and environmental, In this paper researches propensity of electricity consumption according to the type of residents configuration, the level of income. First, we typed form of inhabitants in residential that existed in Korea. after that we calculated hourly electricity consumption for each type through National Time-Use Survey performed at the National Statistical Office with considering overlapping behavior. Household appliances and retention standards according to income level is also considered.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.300-308
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• 2016

Application of demand-side resources to automatic generation control (AGC) has a great significance for improving the dynamic control performance of power system frequency regulation. This paper investigates the possibility of providing regulation services by demand-side energy storage in electric vehicle battery swapping stations (BSS). An interaction framework, namely station-to-grid (S2G), is presented to integrate BSS energy storage into power grid for giving benefits to frequency regulation. The BSS can be regarded as a lumped battery energy storage station through S2G framework. A supplementary AGC method using demand-side BSS energy storage is developed considering the vehicle user demand of battery swapping. The effects to the AGC performance are evaluated through simulations by using a two-area interconnected power grid model with step and random load disturbance. The results show that the demand-side BSS can significantly suppress the frequency deviation and tie-line power fluctuations.

• 에너지공학
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.80-92
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• 2017

본 연구는 1998년부터 2015년까지의 16개 시도별 경유수요량, 경유제품 판매가격(유통단계), 및 총 부가가치생산의 패널데이터를 이용하여, 패널GLS, 고정효과(Fixed Effect), 확률효과(Random Effect) 및 동적패널(Dynamic Panel) 모형을 통해 국내 경유수요함수를 추정하고, 이를 통해 가격탄력성과 소득탄력성을 추정하였다. 단기 가격탄력성은 -0.2146(패널GLS), -0.2886(고정효과), -0.2854(확률효과), -0.1905(동적패널)로 추정되었고, 단기 소득탄력성은 0.7379(패널GLS), 0.4119(고정효과), 0.7260(확률효과), 0.4166(동적패널)로 추정되었는데, 모두 비탄력적인 것으로 나타났다. 장기 가격탄력성과 장기 소득탄력성은 동적패널을 통해 추정하였고, 각각 -0.4784, 1.0461로 유의하게 나타났다. 경유 수요는 소득에 증감에 대해 단기적으로는 비탄력적이나, 장기적으로는 탄력적으로 나타나고 있다. 추가로 서울지역을 기준으로 지역변수를 더미변수(Dummy Variables)로 하여 각 지역의 경유수요로의 효과를 검정하였는데, 10개 지역에서 상대적으로 유의하게 추정되었다.

• 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
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• 제34권7호
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• pp.21-29
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• 2018

This study aimed to find and suggest the purpose of future plans, critical items on designing and Related standards to amend construction standards for domestic energy saving and environmentally friendly housings. It would also activate and increase the supplies of passive house minimizing the problems on current apartment housings in winter and reducing heating energy which brings fine dust pollution. After defining the standard model of Korean apartment housings(reference model), this study calculated the amount of heating energy demand per unit area annually as applying the yearly changed standards from 2008 to 2017 to existing standard model. It turned out that applying 2017 construction standards of energy saving and eco-friendly housings to reference model has saved up to 75% of heating energy demand comparing to the one applied 2008's. However, it still could not solve the fundamental problems such as winter fungus, condensation, freezing, freeze and burst, and insulation weakness space, and could not be free from fine dust particles. To solve them, this study suggested improved standards adding critical items on design related to outside insulation, cut off the heat-bridge, enforce air-tightness and heat change efficiency on heat recovery ventilator. As a result, it has reduced more than 10% of heat demand from 2017. It would be more than 90% of savings from 2008 if we make the amount of heat loss be zero on heat bridge on designing stage in the future.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제7권11호
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• pp.2676-2689
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• 2013

Due to increased consumption of energy in the building environment, the building energy management systems (BEMS) solution has been developed to achieve energy saving and efficiency. However, because of the shortage of building energy management specialists and incompatibility among the energy management systems of different vendors, the BEMS solution can only be applied to limited buildings individually. To solve these problems, we propose a building cluster based remote energy monitoring and management (EMM) system and its functionalities and roles of each sub-system to simultaneously manage the energy problems of several buildings. We also introduce a novel energy demand forecasting algorithm by using past energy consumption data. Extensive performance evaluation study shows that the proposed regression based energy demand forecasting model is well fitted to the actual energy consumption model, and it also outperforms the artificial neural network (ANN) based forecasting model.