• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.63-75
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• 2007

This study investigated how the contents of biology domains that were dealt with in the 7th national elementary-school science curriculum were in turn dealt with in the other subject matter areas. Through this, it was hoped that the place and identity of biology as a subject could be more clearly established and defined and additionally, more basic data for developing the new national science curriculum could be acquired at the same time. Subject matter areas that overlapped with biology in the 7th national elementary-school curriculum were practical arts, social studies and physical education. The structure and composition of specific components that were dealt with by these subject matter areas were very different from those of science, and the analysis showed that they failed to correspond across grades. Moreover, topics such as 'natural calamities and the environment' and 'human reproduction' that were dealt with by other subject matter areas, but not in science must be included for developing the new national science curriculum. Accordingly, when it comes to composing the contents of each subject matter area during creation of the new national curriculum, the relevant experts in related subject matter areas should be mobilized to conduct in-depth analysis of the following areas: viability, the most appropriate level of difficulty, and appropriateness of any hierarchy of relative importance between subjects. Additionally, efforts to reflect any improvements in the way the new national curriculum is developed which come about through this research are needed.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.12
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• pp.393-400
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• 2018

This study was to verify the effects of education in expression activity and various convergence education found in the class scene of one elementary school man teather to research of qualitative pattern and analyzes how it is expanded. This study were made through two class participation observation and six video analysis. In addition, we measured in-depth interviews of participants and students, a 10-week jump band training program, and applied a step-by-step physical activity program to enhance creative expressiveness. Based on the results of the study, the conclusions are as follows. First, It was found that the Jump-band training positively affects the students' speed, agility, and cardiopulmonary endurance. Second, It was found that the application of the step-by-step physical expression activity program had a positive effect on the students themselves. Third, It was found that it has an educational effect on the whole life of students beyond the curriculum and the field by attempting various fusion education. Based on this study, we propose the educational effects of the pre - curricular activities and the convergence lessons in elementary school during the follow - up research.

• Korean Journal of Exercise Nutrition
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.36-47
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• 2019

[Purpose] We conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the effects of Taekwondo training on the physical fitness factors in Korean elementary students comprehensively and quantitatively. [Methods] We classified research studies published until November 2018 according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines and selected a total of 17 research items; a meta-analysis of these items was then conducted. We used the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis 3.0 and Review Manager 5.3 to analyze the mean effect size, study quality, and publication bias. [Results] Taekwondo training improved the cardiopulmonary endurance, muscle endurance, and power of the elementary students, but was not practical or less useful on other physical fitness factors. The meta-regression analysis of the cardiopulmonary endurance and power items showed that the effect size was large when the sample size was small. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the sample size in interpreting the effect size for these two items. Further, during correction of the publication bias for the power items, the improvement effect by Taekwondo training was eliminated. [Conclusion] Taekwondo training is helpful for improving the cardiopulmonary endurance and muscle endurance of Korean elementary students but is not useful for other physical fitness factors.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Earth Science Education
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.355-366
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to investigate the elementary school pre-service teachers' and in-service teachers' and STEAM leader school teachers' difficulties and requirements in the relation to STEAM Education. For this study, 49 pre-service teachers, 57 in-service teachers, 16 leader school teachers in G Area were selected. And they conducted the survey. The results of this study were as follows. First, in order to minimize elementary teachers' physical burden actually, it is necessary to distribute STEAM teaching materials including various and specific programs to the schools in the booklet. Second, for the fast and effective spreading of STEAM, it also should be permitted the pre-service teachers to access STEAM homepage, which is limited to teachers. Third, we should make circumstance to research on STEAM through collaboration with colleagues freely. Therefore, we should give intensive training and consulting opportunities to science teacher. Because they who is getting stronger in this field to do this can furnish other colleagues to teaching tips and information in the relation to STEAM education. By all this fulfillment simultaneously, STEAM will be settlement in elementary school in the short period.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.11
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• pp.5005-5014
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to compare and analyze the effects of fitness walking exercise on physique, BMI(body mass index) and physical fitness of 5th and 6th grade elementary children. The subjects for this study were 200 children(57 boys and 39 girls in the 5th grade, and 59 boys and 45 girls in the 6th grade) at S Elementary school in Busan. The students were divided into 3 groups. Group 1 walked more than 500 km. Group 2 walked less than 500 km but more than 200 km and Group 3 walked less than 200 km for 6 months. The result of exercising for 6 months affected the physique, BMI and physical fitness of the students analyzed as follows: In physique, height, weight and BMI had significantly positive increased in the 5th and 6th grade boys and girls in all groups as comparing before and after exercising. In physical fitness, there were significantly positive increased on 50 m run, sit-ups, standing long jump, sit-and-reach, 1000 m run-walk had in all groups by stages(group 1 > 2 > 3) as comparing before and after exercising. In compare groups after exercising, there were significantly positive increased in physical fitness on group 1 more than group 3. These results indicate that fitness walking exercise by long time is effective to improve physique and physical fitness in normal elementary school students. However, for fitness walking exercise of the positive effects are necessary to change of teachers and parents personal mind.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.307-317
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• 2013

Elementary school's physical environment is critical to lower grade students. Among the many physical conditions, Toilet, which belongs to health and sanitation category is very important to those who start school for the first time. The purpose of this study is for suggesting the guidelines of toilet design reflecting psychological and behavioral aspects of lower grade students. The research was executed as follows. Firstly, focused survey groups were carefully chosen. Five elementary schools were selected, being all open after 2005 under Seoul Gangseo District Office of Education. Secondly, field study was executed to find out toilet usage, during the period between April to June 2012, by visiting schools to see basic facilities, taking pictures and making actual measurement in each toilets. The architectural analysis was focused on location, moving line, actual size and space zoning, while the interior analysis being on finishing materials and the design of sanitary equipments. And the design elements such as color, lighting fixture, art works or signage were analysed, too. Finally, questionnaire survey was done to find out preferences of lower grade students. As a result, the guidelines of toilet design can be divided into two main parts, Physical and Psychological. For the Physical part, it is necessary for related facilities to be concentrated in order to give easy access. In addition, good ventilation, better lighting and to install sanitary equipments ergonomically are required. Furthermore, safe and clean maintenance should be considered. Psychologically, the design should be directed for making lower grade students come to toilets with comfort and more pleasantly.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.5
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• pp.43-70
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• 2004

This research was conducted to provide basic document on efficient health promotion behavior program that elementary school students can use from elementary school course to enhance health promotion behavior for healthy life by checking out the degree of the most influential factor for health promotion behavior about elementary school students who establish lifelong health habit, and by checking out the relation between the degree of self-efficacy and health promotion behavior. The number of subjects of this research was 598. They were all elementary school students from the sixth grade students of the 5 cities of the Kyeong Nam province. We conducted questionnaires and did statistical analyses by using 592 papers which were suitable for date analyses with SPSS. The conclusions were as follows; A. The degree of self-efficacy The degree of self-efficacy of elementary school students was more than average. The degree of self-efficacy on physical activity was the highest and the degree of self-efficacy on self-fulfillment was the lowest. The degree of self-efficacy of girl students was comparatively higher than that of boy students. When their parents got higher education, made a lot of money and kept harmony with their children, the degree of self-efficacy became high. Furthermore, when their parents or themselves have a lot of interest in health, they feel that they are healthy, and they feel that they are satisfied with their bodies, the degree of self-efficacy was high too. B. The degree of health promotion behavior Although the degree of health promotion behavior of elementary school students was a bit lower than the degree of self-efficacy, it was higher than average. The degree of health promotion behavior on physical activity was the highest. But the degree of health promotion behavior on health of their own was the lowest. The degree of health promotion behavior between girl students and boy students was the same. When their parents got higher education, made a lot of money and kept harmony with their children, the degree of self-efficacy became high. Furthermore, when their parents or themselves have a lot of interest In health, they feel that they are healthy, and they feel that they are satisfied with their bodies, the degree of self-efficacy was high too. C. The relation between self-efficacy and health promotion behavior When the degree of self-efficacy was high, the degree of health promotion behavior was high too. So there was high positive relationship between self-efficacy and health promotion behavior. Physical activity showed the highest relationship. The order of strong relationship run as follows. Relationship with others, self-fulfillment, management of stress. The higher self-efficacy which was a recognizable factor on health behavior, the higher the degree of health promotion behavior. It is being revealed that many modem chronic diseases are cause by accumulated careless attitude on harmful health habit and lack of self-control. The behavior of keeping healthy and enhancing health is more firm when they have high self-efficacy which is believing their own conviction. So, When we teach elementary school students health promotion education at school, we should try to enhance their own self-efficacy rather than just instill simple information about health. By doing so, we can help them change their attitude on health. Then, they could enjoy life-long healthy life.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.27-36
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• 2005

Purpose: This study was a descriptive research to compare the teaching status of sex education and to examine differences in understanding teaching capability for sex education between school health educators and teachers working in elementary schools. Methods: A total of 307 subjects participated in the research including 182 school health educators and 125 teachers who gave sex education in elementary schools in Busan, Korea. Data were collected using a structured self-administered questionnaire and analyzed with frequency, t-test and $\chi^2$-test using SPSS WIN (version 10.0). Results: This study found that the school health educators carried out sex education more than the teachers, and perceived a higher level of teaching capability for sex education than the teachers when they were given four areas of sex education contents: physical and psychological development; sex and health; sex, culture and ethics; and understanding of personal relationships. In addition, a larger number of school health educators perceived that they were more qualified and more highly recognized as sex educators than the teachers. Conclusions: The results suggest that the school health educators must be more active as sex educators and that sex education should be adopted as a regular course and the school hours for sex education must be secured.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.217-230
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to help elementary teachers to design systems for small group study to improve the efficiency of both teaching and learning in science education. This was done by examining how teachers form and manage a small group study, and by observing students' perceptions regarding small group study. For this study, an in-depth interview was conducted with 8 elementary teachers and 8 sixth grade elementary students chosen according to their levels of class participation and scientific achievement. The results showed that although elementary teachers preferred a group of 4 students, 6 students were randomly picked to form a group due to the physical aspects of the educational environment in most of the cases examined. It was also found that when the small group was composed of students with different personalities rather than according to their level of achievement, this better encouraged research activities and fostered scientific attitudes as compared to educating solely for the transference of scientific knowledge. On the elementary students' part, a change of perception on their new role and skills of interaction was also required. Elementary students preferred to compose small groups so that they resembled a group of close friends, and from their perspective, small group study was useful, interesting, time efficient, and helpful to each other in studying science.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.377-382
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to analyze the study related to volleyball class in elementary school in Korea and to present the plan to grasp the reality and to activate the volleyball class. To this end, 31 domestic presentations related to elementary school volleyball lessons were selected to confirm the reality, and based on this, the methods for activating volleyball classes were as follows. Firstly, as a practical problem of volleyball lessons in elementary school, first, volleyball lessons avoided in the field; It was considered a problem. An activation plan for such a problem is proposed as follows. First, reform the curriculum and extend the period, second, conduct realistic teacher education, and third, explore ways to recognize teachers' volleyball's value and improve their expertise. Fourth, support volleyball experts using various human resources. It is the dissemination of volleyball-type classes.