• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 2001년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.11-18
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• 2001

In this paper, a new algorithm of coupling Element-Free Galerkin Method(EFGM) and Boundary Element Method(BEM) using the variational formulation is presented. A global variational coupling formulation of EFGM-BEM is achieved by combining the variational form on each subregion. In the formulation, Lagrange multiplier method is introduced to satisfy the compatibility conditions between EFGM subregion and BEM subregion. Some numerical examples are studied to verify accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method, in which numerical performance of the method is compared with that of conventional method such as EFGM-BEM direct coupling method, EFGM and BEM. The proposed method incorporating the merits of EFGM and BEM is expected to be applied to special engineering problems such as the crack propogation problems in very large domain, and underground structures with joints.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 2002년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.575-582
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• 2002

A new coupling method of Element-Free Galerkin Method(EFGM) and Boundary Element Method(BEM) using the domain decomposition method is presented in this paper. This proposed methodology is that the problem domain is decomposed into sub-domains being modeled by the EFGM and BEM respectively and the respective EFGM and BEM domains share a partially overlapped region over an entire domain. Then, the each sub-domain is separately computed and the variables on common region are iteratively updated until converging. It is an important note that in the developed coupling method, there is no need to combine the coefficient matrices of EFGM and BEM sub-domains, in contrast with the other conventional coupling methods. In the first part of this paper, a theory of EFGM and BEM is summarized, and then a brief introduction of domain decomposition method is described. Then, a new coupling method is presented. Also, patch test and Some numerical examples are studied to verify stability, accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method, in which numerical performance of the method is compared with that of conventional method such as EFGM-BEM variational coupling method, EFGM and BEM.

• International Journal of CAD/CAM
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2009

This paper presents a topology optimization approach using element-free Galerkin method (EFGM) for the optimal design of compliant mechanisms with geometrically non-linearity. Meshless method has an advantage over the finite element method(FEM) because it is more capable of handling large deformation resulted from geometrical nonlinearity. Therefore, in this paper, EFGM is employed to discretize the governing equations and the bulk density field. The sensitivity analysis of the optimization problem is performed by incorporating the adjoint approach with the meshless method. The Lagrange multipliers method adjusted for imposition of both the concentrated and continuous essential boundary conditions in the EFGM is proposed in details. The optimization mathematical formulation is developed to convert the multi-criteria problem to an equivalent single-objective problem. The popularly applied interpolation scheme, solid isotropic material with penalization (SIMP), is used to indicate the dependence of material property upon on pseudo densities discretized to the integration points. A well studied numerical example has been applied to demonstrate the proposed approach works very well and the non-linear EFGM can obtain the better topologies than the linear EFGM to design large-displacement compliant mechanisms.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.123-132
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• 2001

An improved version of the Element-free Galerkin method (EFGM) is presented here for addressing the problem of transverse shear locking in shear-deformable beams with a high length over thickness ratio. Based upon Timoshenko's theory of thick beams, it has been recognized that shear locking will be completely eliminated if the rotation field is constructed to match the field of slope, given by the first derivative of displacement. This criterion is applied directly to the most commonly implemented version of EFGM. However in the numerical process to integrate strain energy, the second derivative of the standard Moving Least Square (MLS) shape functions must be evaluated, thus requiring at least a $C^1$ continuity of MLS shape functions instead of $C^0$ continuity in the conventional EFGM. Yet this hindrance is overcome effortlessly by only using at least a $C^1$ weight function. One-dimensional quartic spline weight function with $C^2$ continuity is therefore adopted for this purpose. Various numerical results in this work indicate that the modified version of the EFGM does not exhibit transverse shear locking, reduces stress oscillations, produces fast convergence, and provides a surprisingly high degree of accuracy even with coarse domain discretizations.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.803-809
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• 2000

For the effective analysis of an engineering problem, meshless methods which require only positioning finite points without the element meshing recently have been proposed and being studied extensively. Meshless methods have difficulty in imposing essential boundary conditions directly, because non-interpolate shape functions originated from an approximation process are used. So some techniques, which are Lagrange multiplier method, modified variational principles and coupling with finite elements and so on, were introduced in order to impose essential boundary conditions. In spite of these methods, imposition of essential boundary conditions have still many problems like as non-positive definiteness, inaccuracy and negation of meshless characteristics. In this paper, we propose a new method which modifies shape function. Through numerical tests, convergence, accuracy and validity of this method are compared with the standard EFGM which uses Lagrange multiplier method or modified variational principles. According to this study, the proposed method shows the comparable accuracy and efficiency.

• 한국시뮬레이션학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국시뮬레이션학회 2001년도 The Seoul International Simulation Conference
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• pp.373-379
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• 2001

There is a big issue to generate 3D hexahedral finite element (FE) model, since a process to divide the whole domain into several simple-shaped sub-domains is required before generating a continuous mesh with mapped mesh generators. In general, it is nearly impossible to set up proper division numbers interactively to keep mesh connectivity between sub-domains on a complicated arbitrary-shaped domain. If mesh continuity between sub-domains is not required in an analysis, this complicated process can be omitted. Element-free Galerkin method (EFGM) can accept discontinuous meshes, which only requires nodal information. However it is difficult to choose a reasonable influenced domain in moving least squares scheme with non-uniformly distributed nodes in discontinuous FE models. A new FE scheme fur discontinuous mesh is proposed in this paper by applying improved EFGM with some modification to derive FE approximated function in discontinuous parts. Its validity is evaluated on linear elastic problems.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.525-535
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• 2001

본 연구에서는 무요소법의 일종인 element-free Galerkin 방법(EFGM)을 이용한 새로운 적응적 해석법을 제안하였다. 이 방법의 핵심은 Delaunay 삼각화에 기초를 둔 적분 격자를 기초로 수치적분과 적응적인 절점의 추가 및 소거를 수행하는 것이다. 이러한 적응적 해석법은 적분격자의 분할이나 이를 위한 추가적인 정보에 대한 관리가 필요 없이 간편하게 적응적 해석을 수행할 수 있다. 또한 균열의 진전과 같은 다단계 적응적 해석에 있어서도 매 해석단계별로 평가된 오차에 기초를 둔 최적 해석모델이 Delaunay 삼각화에 의해 구성되도록 하였다. 이러한 특성은 요소의 구성으로부터 자유로운 무요소법의 장점을 최대한 활용하여 해석모델의 구축을 보다 원활하게 수행할 수 있다. 적응적 해석에 기초가 되는 해석 후 오차평가는 계산된 응력과 투영응력과의 차이를 오차로 추정하는 투영응력법을 이용하였다. 균열진전을 포함하는 2차원예제의 해석을 수행한 결과 제안된 해석법의 타당성과 적용성을 입증할 수 있었다.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제13권1호통권31호
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• pp.39-50
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• 1999

특이 가중함수로 표현된 shepard interpolant와 일관조건을 사용하여 무요소법 형성함수를 도출하였다. 따라서 통상의 EFGM(Element Free Galerkin Method)과는 달리 변위로 주어지는 경계조건을 자연스럽게 부과할 수 있다. 수치계산 예로서 외팔보 문제를 다루었는데 보이론과 비교하여 매우 잘 맞는 결과를 보여주고, 유한요소법과의 결합도 자연스럽게 이루어짐을 보인다. 또 penny-shaped 균열을 다루는데, 응력확대계수는 균열 표면의 변위로부처 직접 계산하여 해석해와 비교한다.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.1-34
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• 1997

In this study, various available meshless methods are briefly reviewed and the connection among them is investigated. The objective of meshless methods is to eliminate some difficulties which are originated from reliance on a mesh by constructing the approximation entirely in terms of nodes. Especially, focusing on Element Free Galerkin Method(EFGM) based on moving least square interpolants(MLSI), a new implementation is developed based on a variational principle with penalty function method were used to enforce the essential boundary condition. In addition, the weighted orthogonal basis functions are constructed to overcome disadvantage of MLSI.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 1999년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.321-326
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• 1999

In this study, fatigue crack propagation problem of plate under multi-axial loading is mainly considered To analyze this special problem, recently developed technique called EFGM(Element-Free Galerkin Method), one of the Meshfree Methods, and general fatigue crack growth raw herein Paris law are used Using the Implemented scheme, paths of fatigue cracks by constant-amplitude load fluctuation and multiple-crack growth behavior are examined. The failure mechanism of steel plate due to crack propagation is studied. As a result, an algorithm that treats multiple fatigue crack problems is proposed. A numerical example shows that the prediction of growing paths can be achieved successfully and efficiently by proposed algorithm.