• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.319-324
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• 2011

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of Lythrum salicaria L. ethanol extract on anti-obesity effects in rat fed a high fat diet for 8 weeks to induce obese rat model. Male SD rats were divided into normal group, control (high fat diet) group, positive control (Garcinia Cambogia extracts) group, high fat group supplemented with ethanol extracts of Lythrum salicaria L. (EELS). The body weight gain and control (high fat diet) were increased by a high fat diet, but decreased in the EELS. At the end of the experiment, the body weight in high fat diet groups was higher than that of normal diet group, while the body weights of EELS and positive control group were significantly reduced by 16.62%, as compared with that of high fat diet group (p < 0.05). The levels of serum triglyceride, total cholesterol in EELS group were significantly decreased as compared with high fat diet group (p < 0.05). The liver and mesenteric adipose tissue weights of control (high fat diet) increase than that for normal group, whereas EELS and positive control group were significantly decreased (p < 0.05). Levels of triglyceride in liver were significantly lower in EELS group than those in high fat diet group (p < 0.05). These results indicate that Lythrum salicaria L. extract may improve lipid metabolism and reduce fat accumulation and body weight.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제50권6호
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• pp.770-776
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• 2017

This study investigated the effects of recombinant eel gonadotropin hormone (rJeGTH) produced in silkworms, with and without a carboxyl-terminal peptide from equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG), on the induction of sexual maturation in female eels Anguilla japonica. Experiments were conducted both in vivo and in vitro. In in vitro trials, germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) induction did not significantly differ between rJeFSH and $rJeFSH{\cdot}eCG$ treatments and the control group. However, previous studies did find that rJeLH and $rJeLH{\cdot}eCG$ treatments induced GVBD in female eels. Our in vitro exploration of $estradiol-17{\beta}$ ($E_2$) levels in immature ovarian tissues revealed significantly higher $E_2$ levels in the group treated with $rJeFSH{\cdot}eCG$ $1{\mu}g/mL$ than in the control group. In contrast, the in vivo experiments showed no effect of recombinant hormones on the sexual maturation of feminized eels. Previous studies and our own in vitro results have clearly shown that rJeGTH and $rJeGTH{\cdot}eCG$ have a positive effect on the sexual maturation of feminized eels. To develop the activity of rJeGTH in vivo, further studies should confirm circulation time and activity of these hormones in eels' bloodstream, modify the structure of the recombinant gene, and implement additional glycosylation.

• 한국양식학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.273-278
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• 2003

본 연구에서는 자연산 뱀장어의 지역과 어체중에 따른 영양학적 특성을 분석하여 비교함으로써 양식산 뱀장어의 사육시 영양학적 기준으로 삼고자 한다. 자연산 뱀장어가 많이 채포되는 경남 사천만과 인접한 경호강과 전남 고성의 인천강의 하구에서 100 g 이하 그룹(고창: 75.8$\pm$17.6 g, 사천: 89.3$\pm$6.42 g)과 200 g 이상 그룹(고창: 215$\pm$8.95 g, 사천: 236$\pm$11.7 g)으로 나누어 체조성의 영양학적 특성에 대해 조사하였다. 수분 함량 63∼72%, 조단백질 16∼20%, 조지방 6.1∼15.4%, 조회분 2.2∼2.8%로 나타났다. 이 중 수분과 조지방의 함량은 채집 지역에 따라 유의한 차이를 나타내었다(P<0.05). 지방산 분석에서 포화지방산은 38.0∼43.0%, 단순불포화지방산 51.5∼58.5%, 고도불포화지방산 1.95∼4.12%, n-3 PUFA 0.68∼1.53%로 나타내었으며, 채집지역에 따라 유의한 차이를 보였다(P<0.05). 필수아미노산은 7.11∼12.5%, 비필수아미노산은 8.34∼12.9%으로 나타내었으나, 채집 지역에 따라 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았으며(P>0.05), 어체중에 따라서는 대부분의 필수 아미노산과 비필수 아미노산 함량이 유의한 차이를 나타내었다(P<0.05). 따라서 고창지역과 사천지역에서 채집한 뱀장어의 일반성분, 지방산, 아미노산의 함량은 채집된 지역과 어체중과 상관관계를 보이는 것으로 나타났다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제53권5호
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• pp.619-625
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• 2015

The present study was performed to determine the infection status of swamp eels with Gnathostoma sp. larvae in Myanmar. We purchased total 37 Asian swamp eels, Monopterus albus, from a local market in Yangon in June and December 2013 and 2014. All collected eels were transferred with ice to our laboratory and each of them was examined by the artificial digestion technique. A total of 401 larval gnathostomes (1-96 larvae/eel) were detected in 33 (89.2%) swamp eels. Most of the larvae (n=383; 95.5%) were found in the muscle. The remaining 18 larvae were detected in the viscera. The advanced third-stage larvae ($AdL_3$) were 2.3-4.4 mm long and 0.25-0.425 mm wide. The characteristic head bulb ($0.093{\times}0.221mm$ in average size) with 4 rows of hooklets, muscular long esophagus (1.025 mm), and 2 pairs of cervical sacs (0.574 mm) were observed by light microscopy. The average number of hooklets in the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th rows was 41, 45, 48, and 51, respectively. As scanning electron microscopic findings, the characteristic 4-5 rows of hooklets on the head bulb, a cervical papilla, tegumental spines regularly arranged in the transverse striations, and an anus were well observed. Based on these morphological characters, they were identified as the AdL3 of Gnathostoma spinigerum. By the present study, it has been confirmed for the first time that Asian swamp eels, M. albus, from Yangon, Myanmar are heavily infected with G. spinigerum larvae.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.29-31
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• 1981

1980년 6월 7일부터 8월 8일까지 실내순환수조에서 고형사료 pellet을 이용한 뱀장어(Anguilla japonica) 사육실험을 했다. 실험에 이용한 뱀장어는 1974년부터 1976년 사이 본 대학에 들어온 것 중에서 성장이 불진하여 남아 있던 것을 이용했다. 실험 결과, 사료계수 $1.05{\sim}1.678$, 일간성장률$0.96{\sim}1.46\%$로 나타났으며, 특히 이 중에서도 가장 작은 것들도 일간성장률 $1.3\%$의 높은 성장률을 나타내었다. 이것은 현재까지 일반 뱀장어 양식에 이용되어온 반죽사료와 비교해 볼 때에 못지않는 충분한 생장이었다. 또한 Pellet을 이용함으로 해서 먹이를 주고 난뒤 수질이 흐려지는 것도 방지할 수 있었다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.179-186
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• 1974

1973년 4월부터 1974년 6월 말까지 뱀장어의 효과적인 초기사육을 위하여 일연의 실험을 한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 뱀장어의 초기사육의 최적성장수온은 $20\~34^{\circ}C$의 범위내에서 실험한 결과 $30^{\circ}C$로 나타났다. 2. $20\~30^{\circ}C$ 사이에서 10일간의 성장배수는 R=0.0056296$T^{1.80740}$이라는 곡선식으로 나타났다. 3. 오랫동안 축양하여 두었던 실뱀장어도 채포후 바로 사육하는 것에 비해 성장이 나쁘지 않았다. 4. 사육중 크지 않고 성장이 나빴던 것도 이번 시험사육결과 정상적인 성장을 하였다. 5. ammonia는 5ppm 이하에서는 섭이에 영향을 주지 않으나 6ppm에서는 섭이량이 현저히 줄었다. 6. 뱀장어의 고밀도 사육시 배설물의 제거는 좋은 수질을 유지하는 데 매우 중요하다.

• 분석과학
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.200-207
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• 2000

구상흑연 주철과 고압처리된 Ni-C 합금에서 SEM, HRTEM, EELS 등을 이용하여 구상흑연 입자의 성장 기구를 연구하였다. 두 시료로부터 추출된 각각의 구상흑연입자의 내부 미세조직 및 격자상이 서로 비교되었으며 EELS를 이용하여 각 구상흑연 입자 내부에서 흑연결합을 하는 $sp^2$와 다이아몬드 결합을 하는 $sp^3$의 비가 측정되었다. 구상흑연 주철에서의 구상흑연 입자는 뚜렷한 결정립계면 및 조대한 결함을 갖고 있었다. 반면에 고압처리된 Ni-C 합금 내부에 생성된 구상흑연 입자는 구상흑연 주철의 것에 비해 미세조직 내부의 결함이 현저히 적었으며 안정한 다이아몬드 결합을 하는 $sp^3$ 결합을 다량 함유하고 있었다. 본 실험에서의 구상흑연 입자 내부의 미세조직 및 결합 특성상의 차이는 고압처리된 Ni-C 합금에서의 구상흑연 입자가 구상흑연 주철에서의 구상흑연 입자와는 다른 기구에 의하여 성장하였다는 것을 보여주는 증거이다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제53권3호
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• pp.349-353
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• 2015

Anisakis simplex sensu stricto (s.s.), Anisakis pegreffii, Anisakis berlandi (=A. simplex sp. C), and Anisakis typica are the 4 major species of Anisakis type I larvae. In the Republic of Korea (Korea), A. pegreffii, A. berlandi, and A. typica larvae in fish hosts has seldom been documented. In this study, molecular analysis was performed on Anisakis larvae from the sea eels (Astroconger myriaster), the major source of human anisakiasis in Korea, collected from Tongyeong City, a southern coastal area of Korea. All 20 sea eels examined were infected with Anisakis type I larvae (160 larvae; 8 per fish). Their species were analyzed using PCR-RFLP patterns and nucleotide sequences of internal transcribed spacers (ITS1, 5.8 subunit gene, and ITS2) and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase 2 (cox2). Most (86.8%; 112/129) of the Anisakis type I larvae were A. pegreffii, and 7.8% (10/129) were A. typica. The remaining 5.4% (7/129) was not identified. Thus, A. pegreffii is the major species of anisakid larvae in sea eels of the southern coast of Korea.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제50권1호
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• pp.29-35
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• 2010

Yersinia (Y.) ruckeri has been recognized as a serious bacterial pathogen to several kinds of fish, including rainbow trout. However, there are no reports about the characteristics and pathogenicity of Y. ruckeri isolated from farm-cultured eels. In this study, we isolated and characterized Y. ruckeri from the farm-cultured eel Anguilla japonica in Korea. We investigated the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of Y. ruckeri and tested the virulence of Y. ruckeri isolates on experimentally infected eels. Examination of the flagellar morphology of Y. ruckeri by electron microscopy showed peritrichous flagella in its cell body. Biochemical reaction studies showed overall identical profiles between the isolates and the reference strain of Y. ruckeri in API 20E and API ZYM tests. We sequenced the 16S rRNA of the Y. ruckeri (1,505 bp) for the genotypic characterization (National Center for Biotechnology Information accession number EU401667). Comparison of the 16S rRNA sequences with previously reported Y. ruckeri strains revealed similar phylogenetic relationships. In the virulence assay of the Y. ruckeri on eels, the eels exhibited listlessness, but Y. ruckeri was reisolated from those of the gills and kidneys.

• 한국어병학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.229-239
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• 2008

The aim of this study was to acquire level on the occurrence of five fluoroquinolones(FQs) residue among cultured eels in Jeonbuk province. Samples were collected from the four local area(Kunsan, Gochang, Wanju and Osu) and surveyed on the distribution of FQs residual level in edible muscle using HPLC method. A total of 90 samples of eel was monitored for detection of the FQs residue. Among them, 30 eels(33.3%) were detected the FQs single or paired, respectively. The detection ratios were showed Osu(40%, 8/20), Gochang(33%, 13/44), Wanju(30%, 6/20) and Kunsan(30%, 3/10) in order, respectively. The ratio was equivalent to over 30% of overall in sampled area. The most frequently detected FQs were perfloxacin(PF) followed by enrofloxacin(EF), ciprofloxacin(CF), ofloxacin(OF) and norfloxacin(NF). Eight different combinations of FQ residual patterns were observed as single(5 type, 21%) or as paired(3type, 12,5%) respectively and frequently encountered patterns were PF(37%) and PF-EF(23%). The residual level of FQs was evaluated in the range of 1-75 ug/kg and the most prevalent levels of FQs was found in 1-25 ug/kg(35 fish, 85%) followed by 26-50 ug/kg(5 fishes, 11%) and 51-75 ug/kg(1 fishes, 3.3%). These results could be possible that the cultured eels were mostly exposed with PF, EF and CF, and might be treated with a variety of fluoroquinolones for prevention of bacterial disease.