• Journal of KIISE:Information Networking
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.525-532
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• 2007

Recently, broadband access networks have been competitively deployed all over the world with the development of various multimedia services for such a network. ETRI(Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute) built the FTTH(Fiber-to-the-Home) service center to develop a next-generation equipment and a high-quality service/platform as well as to promote domestic industry in the field of optical communication. The FTTH service center has a variety of test equipments such as FTTH standard testbed for a BMT(Bench Mark Test), a network operation center, and IPTV service equipments. Also, ETRI deployed a new type of commercial optical access networks cooperating with ISP(Internet service provider). In this paper, we analyzed the quality degradation appeared in QoE(Quality of Experience), when IP data broadcasted from the FTTH service center is transmitted to subscribers through the commercial optical access network. Moreover, we proposed a noble solution to address this problem.

• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
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• v.20 no.6 s.96
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• pp.77-86
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• 2005

인터넷, HDTV, VoD 등 통신 및 방송 수요의 증가에 따라 가입자망까지 광섬유를 포설하는 이른바 FTTH의 구현이 현실화되고 있다. 광가입자망 기술은 전달망과 가입자간을 연결하기 위한 전송(선로종단, 망종단) 장치와 전송매체 등의 설비로 구성되며, 고속 액세스 전송은 일반적으로 가입자에게 수 Mb/s 사용대역을 제공하는 기술을 말하는 것이다. 특히 가입자망에서 수백 Mb/s 이상의 가입자 사용 대역을 제공할 수 있는 것은 광통신 기술만이 가능하다. 세계적으로 광가입자망의 구축은 이미 2002년부터 시작되어 미국의 경우 SBC, Verizon을 중심으로 FTTx 서비스를 시작하여 2005년5월 현재 37개 주의 217곳에서 서비스가 진행중이며 일본의 경우 e-Japan Project로2007년까지 FTTH 천만 가입자를 목표로 2004년 말에 이미 200만 가입자를 돌파하는 등 광가입자망 분야에서는 세계적으로 가장 앞서가고 있는 실정이다. 한국의 경우전세계적으로 초고속 인터넷 보급률 1위로 기존의 VDSL에 의한 초고속 전송망이 이미 미국, 유럽 등의 광가입자망 대역폭과 근접한 속도를 보이고 있어 FTTH 구축은 오히려 늦어지고 있는 실정이다. 그러나 향후 방송/통신 융합 등 급격히 늘어날 대역폭요구를 수용하기 위해서는 광가입자(FTTH) 기술로의 전개가 필수적이고 이를 수용할수 있는 광가입자망 기술에 대해 살펴 본다.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2005.10b
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• pp.472-474
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• 2005

In WDM/SCM-PON system more than thousand signals must be gathered to monitor for operation. We have implemented IEEE STD 1149.1 JTAG serial interface bus to gather and monitor analog signals. Required area is just $5{\times}5mm^2$. Gathering time per one signal is $1.75{\mu}$ second. Performance to gather is better than that defined in SFF-8472.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.42 no.6 s.336
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• pp.9-16
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• 2005

In this paper, we focus on supporting the convergence of broadcasting and communication in home network systems with E-PON based home gateway. We propose a new architecture to provide broadcasting and data services in integrated home network using overlay transport mechanism in access network and If multicast techniques of IGMP and IGMP snooping in home network. We also detail a set of mechanisms and procedures for home broadcasting service through the home gateway system. Our new scheme is composed of three parts: a) an overlay transmission model of video broadcasting signals (satellite and/or cable TV) and Internet data, b) to select a specific video broadcasting channel and to make of the selected video broadcasting stream into IP multicast packets in tuner/conversion module using multiple tuner system and c) to transfer the converted If multicast packets to L2 switch of home gateway's core module and to send them out to target port(s) by L2 multicast using IGMP snooping.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2002.10e
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• pp.502-504
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• 2002

기존 라우터시스템에서의 패킷 포워딩 엔진은 최적화된 룩업 알고리즘을 통한 소프트웨어 방식으로 구현되었으나, 처리해야 할 데이터가 폭주하면서 전용화된 룩업칩을 이용한 포워딩 엔진으로 대체되어 가고 있다. 그러나, 이러한 룩업칩 기반 패킷 포워딩 엔진은 가격이 비싼 것은 물론. 급변하는 통신 프로토콜에 적응하기 힘든 단점을 가지게 되었으며, 이로 인해서 최근에는 Network Processor 기반의 패킷 포워딩 엔진에 대한 개발이 활발해지고 있다. 본 연구소에서도 초고속광가입자망 사업에 적용되는 포워딩 엔진을 IBM의 2.5G Network Processor 인 NP4GS3 칩을 이용하고 있으며, GbE／POS／E-PON 등의 인터페이스를 지원하고 있다. 또한 본 사업에서는 가입자망에서의 Layer2 broadcasting시의 트래픽 폭주와 가입자간의 보안 기능 등을 지원하기 위해 VLAN 서비스를 적용할 예정이다. 본 논문에서는 일반적인 VLAN 기능에 대해서 알아보고, IBM NP4GS3에서 지원되는 VLAN 기능을 분석하였으며, 이를 토대로 NP4GS3 기반 패킷 포워딩 엔진에서 VLAN 구현 방안에 대하여 기술하였다.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.115-117
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• 2014

Variety of biomarkers that are related to the Alzheimer's disease and its diagnosis and progress have been found. However, research lacks in predicting the reaction of the treatment. In addition, there is no definite treatment reaction to the disease but rather it is varied. The purpose of this review article is to study the research of the biomarkers that are able to predict the treatment reaction. There was a research that illustrated a relationship between plasma amyloid ${\beta}$ peptide, cerebrospinal fluid tau, neuroanatomical biomarkers and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. Polymorphisms in genes of the cholinergic markers AChE, BuChE, ChAT and PON-1 were found to be associated with better clinical response to acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. Many pharmacogenetic studies have been conducted to evaluate the impact of the lipoprotein apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype on treatment response to acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. However, there is no significant influence of the APOE genotypes on treatment response. Further research is needed to find other predictors of treatment with acetylcholinesterase inhibitors in patients with Alzheimer's disease.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.188-193
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• 2003

This paper describes a novel burst-mode clock and data recovery (CDR) circuit which can be used for 622Mbps burst mode applications. The CDR circuit is basically a phase locked loop (PLL) having two phase detectors (PDs), one for the reference clock and the other for the NRZ data, whose operations are controlled by an external control signal. This CDR was fabricated in a 1-poly 5-metal $0.25{\;}\mu\textrm{m}$ CMOS technology. Jitter generation, burst/continuous mode data receptions were tested. Operational frequency range is 320Mhz~720Mhz and BER is less than 1e-12 for PRBS31 at 622Mhz. For the same data sequence, the extracted clock jitter is less than 8ps rms. Power consumption of 100mW was measured without I/O circuits.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2008.10c
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• pp.205-207
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• 2008

Much signaling equipments are installed along railway tracks, and these are working in cooperation with each other, referring to other signaling equipment status. Existing railway signaling system uses signal cables to transmit this information. This system requires high cost for construction and have the problems like many faults from mistakes in cable connection, etc To solve these problems, JREast Inc. has developed a new signaling system based on network technology, utilizing Ethernet-Passive Optical Network(E-PON). In this paper, we review the system proposed by JREast Inc. and field test results performed on railway.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.12C no.5 s.101
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• pp.709-716
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• 2005

QoS is an important requirement of the FTTH (Fiber To The Home) subscriber in access network using E-PON (Ethernet Passive Optical Network). In this research, we describe the structure of the access network and propose a bandwidth guarantee scheme for subscriber and service according to the requirements of the subscriber, service and system. This scheme uses two kinds of the classification table, which are called 'service classification table' and 'subscriber classification table.' Using the classification table, we can identify the flow of the subscriber and service. Also, we compute the number of hash table entry to minimize the loss ratio of flows using the M/G/k/k queueing model. Finally, we apply the DRR scheduling through virtual queueing per subscriber instead of the aggregated class.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.604-609
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• 2016

In postmenopausal women, estrogen deficiency can be associated with metabolic diseases, such as obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. The purpose of this study was to investigate factors related to lipid, glucose and antioxidnat metabolism. Sprague-Dawley female rats were subjected to either bilateral ovariectomy or sham operation and randomly divided into 3 dietary groups, (n=8) sham-operated fed with normal diet (SHAM), ovariectomized fed with normal diet (OVX), and ovariectomized fed with normal diet supplemented with Eucommia ulmoides extract (OVX-EU). The OVX-EU group showed significantly lower body weight, triacylglycerol, and total cholesterol than that showed by the OVX group. In addition, the OVX-EU group showed improved lipogenesis, glucose-regulating enzyme activities, adipokine and antioxidant enzyme activities. These findings demonstrate that extracts from E. ulmoides extract can be used as a functional food.