• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2006.07b
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• pp.759-760
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• 2006

In this paper proposed to Neural network PI self-tuning direct controller using Error back propagation algorithm. Proposed controller applies to speed controller and current controller. Also, this built up the interface environment to drive it simply and exactly in any kind of reference, environment fluent and parameter transaction of BLDC motor. Neural network PI self-tuning simulator using Visual C++ and Matlab Simulation is organized to construct this environment. Built-u-p interface has it's own purpose that even the user who don't have the accurate knowledge of neural network can embody operation characteristic rapidly and easily.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.1024-1030
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• 2007

We investigated the human apolipoprotein E2 (apoE2) transgenic mouse as an animal model system for age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Transgenic mice expressing human apoE2 and C57BL/6J mice were fed normal chow or a high-fat diet for 4 weeks. Eyes were collected from the mice and lipid deposits in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) were assessed using electron microscopy. The expressions of apoE, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and pigment-epithelium derived factor (PEDF), which are molecular markers for angiogenesis, were assessed with immunohistochemistry. Eyes from apoE2 mice, regardless of diet, contained lipid accumulation in RPE under electron microscopy, whereas control C57BL/6J eyes did not. Lipid accumulation was found predominantly in the RPE and the Bruch's membrane and increased in the eyes of apoE2 mice after one month of a high-fat diet ($8{\pm}2\;per\;50{\mu}m^2$ for normal chow and $11{\pm}2\;per\;50\;{\mu}m^2,\;p<0.05)$. ApoE expression was similar in the apoE2 and control mice; however, VEGF and bFGF were overexpressed in the retinal pigment epithelium of apoE2 eyes compared with control eyes, and PEDF expression was slightly decreased. These expression patterns of VEGF, bFGF, and PEDF suggest angiogenesis is progressing in apoE2 eyes. In conclusion, the eyes of apoE2 mice develop typical lipid accumulations, a common characteristic of AMD, making them a suitable animal model for AMD. The expression profile of VEGF and bFGF on the retinal pigment epithelium suggests that apoE2 may induce neovascularization by altering angiogenic cytokines.

• The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.24-37
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• 2005

In this study we examined the geomorphological and geological characteristics of the granite landforms in the Iksan area. Moreover we investigated the source areas of stones which are used to build the Mieruksaji west stone pagoda. Joint is most identifiable geomorphological and geological structure in the Iksan area. Direction of J1 joint appears to be N71°E∼EW, and that of J2 joint ranges N20°W∼N20°E. Cross-pattern joint is predominant in the study area, and linen.-pattern vertical joint is also observed. Tor and corestone are easily found as geomorphological features in the study area. Corestones forming for are almost 2∼3 m across and 2∼3 m or over 5 m high. Their hardness is mainly of hammer bounce. Tower-type and castle-type of for are characteristic in the Mireuksan granites. Other geomorphological features such as tafoni, gnamma are also observed in the study area. Petrographical and geochemical features of the stones used for the Mireuksaji west stone pagoda are compared with those of the granites cropped out nearby, and indicate that the stones from the Mieruksaji west stone pagoda are quite similar to the Mireuksan granites. In the Mireuksan we can easily find lots of old traces for rock cutting.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.52-58
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• 2006

Single-electron transistor (SET)-based logic cells and SET/FET hybrid integrated circuits have been fabricated on SOI chips. The input-output voltage transfer characteristic of the SET-based complementary logic cell shows an inverting behavior where the output voltage gain is estimated to be about 1.2 at 4.2K. The SET/FET output driver, consisting of one SET and three FETs, yields a high voltage gain of 13 and power amplification with a wide-range output window for driving next circuit. Finally, the SET/FET literal gate for a multi-valued logic cell, comprising of an SET, an FET and a constant-current load, displays a periodic voltage output of high/low level multiple switching with a swing as high as 200mV. The multiple switching functionality of all the fabricated logic circuits could be enhanced by utilizing a side gate incorporated to each SET component to enable the phase control of Coulomb oscillations, which is one of the unique characteristics of the SET-based logic circuits.

• Journal of rehabilitation welfare engineering & assistive technology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.95-101
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• 2011

In this paper, we propose the gaussian mixture model based pattern classification algorithm of forearm electromyogram. We define the motion of 1-degree of freedom as holding and unfolding hand considering a daily life for patient with prosthetic hand. For the extraction of precise features from the EMG signals, we use the difference absolute mean value(DAMV) and the mean absolute value(MAV) to consider amplitude characteristic of EMG signals. We also propose the D_DAMV and D_MAV in order to classify the amplitude characteristic of EMG signals more precisely. In this paper, we implemented a test targeting four adult male and identified the accuracy of EMG pattern classification of two motions which are holding and unfolding hand.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.85-95
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• 1996

An iterative Kantorovich method is presented for the vibration analysis of rectangular isotopic and orthotropic thick plates. Mindlin plate characteristic functions are derived in general forms by the Kantorovich method initially starting with Timoshenko beam functions consistent with the boundary conditions of the plate. Through numerical calculations of natural pairs, i.e. natural frequencies and corresponding modes, and dynamic responses of appropriate models, it has been confirmed that the presented method is superior to the Rayleigh-Ritz analysis or the FEM analysis in accuracy and computational efficiency.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1996.07b
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• pp.793-796
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• 1996

This study proposes a new algorithm which performs a production simulation under various constraints and maintains computational efficiency. In order to consider the environmental and operational constraints, the proposed algorithm is based on optimization techniques formulated in LP form In the algorithm, "system characteristic constraints" reflect the system characteristics such as LDC shape, unit loading order and forced outage rate. By using the concept of Energy Invariance Property and two operational rules i.e. Compliance Rule for Emission Constraint, Compliance Rule for Limited Energy of Individual Unit, the number of system characteristic constraints is appreciably reduced. As a solution method of the optimization problem, the author uses Karmarkar's method which performs effectively in solving large scale LP problem. The efficiency of production simulation is meaningful when it is effectively used in power system planning. With the proposed production simulation algorithm, an optimal expansion planning model which can cope with operational constraints, environmental restriction, and various uncertainties is developed. This expansion planning model is applied to the long range planning schemes by WASP, and determines an optimal expansion scheme which considers the effect of supply interruption, load forecasting errors, multistates of unit operation, plural limited energy plants etc.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1999.07d
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• pp.1627-1629
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• 1999

In order to analysis the degradation process of epoxy/glass fiber for outdoor condition, FRP laminate was exposed to high temperature and water. Then the degradation process was evaluated by comparing contact angle, surface potential decay, and surface resistivity. For the change of wettability, the contact angle of thermal-treated specimen with the high temperature of $200^{\circ}C$ increased. But that of water-treated specimen decreased. The characteristic of surface potential decay shows the tendency of the remarkable decrease on water-treated specimens, but no difference on thermal-treated specimen compared with untreated one. Also, for the surface resistivity, it shows the same trend compared with the change of contact angle.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.91-97
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• 1974

This paper was developed for production of the humanized milk, comprising similarly to the composition and characteristic of human milk. Humanized milk of superior quality can be made directly from the fresh raw milk mixed vegetable oil, corn syrup, whey powder, ${\beta}-lactose$, sugar, vitamin, ${\beta}-carotene$ and minerals showing formulation of the humanized milk at table 2. The improving effects of adding vegetable oil and corn syrup are both more reformed the chemical and physical properties of humanized milk. The former enhanced the essential fatty acid and energy source in this product, the latter has the most solving function in water and induced amount of emulsion and stabilizer. The products contain about 13% protein, 23% fat, 58.3% carbohydrate, 2% ash and ensue reasonably balance of essential amino acid, poly-unsaturated fatty acid for the requirement of infants and controlled component of the humanized milk such as human milk.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2004.07a
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• pp.133-136
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• 2004

Since the residential load is an AC load and the output of solar cell is a DC power, the photovoltaic system needs the DC/AC converter to utilize solar cell. In case of driving to interact with utility line, in order to operate at unity power factor, converter must provide the sinusoidal wave current and voltage with same phase of utility line. Since output of solar cell is greatly fluctuated by insolation, it is necessary that the operation of solar cell output in the range of the vicinity of maximum power point. In this paper, DC/AC converter is three phase PWM converter with smoothing reactor. And then, feedforward control used to obtain a superior characteristic for current control and digital PLL circuit used to detect the phase of utility line.