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A NECESSARY AND SUFFICIENT CONDITION FOR THE CONVERGENCE OF THE MANN SEQUENCE FOR A CLASS OF NONLINEAR OPERATORS

  • Chidume, C.E.;Nnoli, B.V.C.
    • Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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    • v.39 no.2
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    • pp.269-276
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    • 2002
  • Let E be a real Banach space. Let T : E longrightarrow E be a map with F(T) : = { x $\in$ E : Tx = x} $\neq$ 0 and satisfying the accretive-type condition $\lambda\$\mid$x-Tx\$\mid$^2$, for all $x\inE,\;x^*\inf(T)\;and\;\lambda >0$. We prove some necessary and sufficient conditions for the convergence of the Mann iterative sequence to a fixed point of T.

Energy Levels of Rhodium ions in Phosphate Glasses (Phosphate 유리에 첨가된 Rhodium 이온의 에너지 준위)

  • 권택용
    • Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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    • v.4 no.2
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    • pp.220-225
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    • 1993
  • This is the first reported observation of absorption and emission of glasses with a 4d transition metal ion(rhodium). The optical absorption and photoluminescence spectra, and the lifetimes of rhodium ions in phosphate glasses are interpreted on the basis of strong-field scheme of Sugano-Tanabe diagram. We conclude that rhodium ion is present in its divalent form. $^2 E{\rightarrow}^2 T_1$ and $^2 E{\rightarrow}^2 T_2$ transitions are superimposed and observed at 460 nm. Whereas $^2 T_1{\rightarrow}^2 E$ and $^2 T_1{\rightarrow}^2 E$ transitions are observed at 650 nm and 580 nm, respectively.

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Study of the Kinetics and Mechanisms of Alkoxy Radical Reactions in the Gas Phase (I). Arrhenius Parameters for t-Butoxy Radical Reactions with Isobutane and Cyclohexane

  • Song, Se-Ahn;Choo, Kwang-Yul
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.5 no.1
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    • pp.16-21
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    • 1984
  • The relative Arrhenius parameters for t-butoxy radical decomposition (log $A_d$, $E_d$) and hydrogen abstraction of t-butoxy radical from hydrogen donor (log $A_d$, $E_d$) by competitive method were obtained as follows: for cyclohexane; log $A_a/A_d$ = -4.17 mole/l and $E_d-E_a$ = 9.01 kcal/mole, for isobutane; log $A_a/A_d$ = -5.70 mole/l and $E_e-E_a$= 11.0 kcal/mole. From the reported Arrhenius parameters for t-Butoxy radical decomposition reactions the parameters for t-Butoxy radical reactions with isobutane and cyclohexane are estimated to be log $A(l/mol{\cdot}sec)$ = 8.4, $E_a$ = 4.3 kcal/mol and $log A (l/mol{\cdot}sec)= 9.9,\;E_a$ = 6.3 kcal/mol, respectively.

A NOTE ON THE OSCILLATION CRITERIA OF SOLUTIONS TO SECOND ORDER NONLINEAR DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION

  • Kim, Yong-Ki
    • The Pure and Applied Mathematics
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    • v.2 no.1
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    • pp.53-59
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    • 1995
  • Consider a solution y(t) of the nonlinear equation (E) y" + f(t, y) = 0. A solution y(t) is said to be oscillatory if for every T > 0 there exists $t_{0}$ > T such that y($t_{0}$) = 0. Let F be the class of solutions of (E) which are indefinitely continuable to the right, i.e. y $\in$ F implies y(t) exists as a solution to (E) on some interval of the form [t$\sub$y/, $\infty$). Equation (E) is said to be oscillatory if each solution from F is oscillatory.(omitted)

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Effects of Supplementing Coated Vitamin C+E with Cottonseed on Rumen Fermentation and Growth Performance and Blood Metabolites in Hanwoo Steers Fed Fermented Feedstuff (발효사료에 대한 보호처리한 Vitamin C+E 및 면실의 첨가가 반추위 발효특성과 거세한우의 육성성적 및 혈액성상에 미치는 영향)

  • 박병기;홍병주;김창혁;라창식;신종서
    • Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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    • v.48 no.6
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    • pp.861-870
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    • 2006
  • This study was conducted to examine the effects of supplementing coated vitamin C+E with cottonseed on rumen fermentation and body weight gain, blood metabolites and hormone concentrations in Hanwoo steers fed fermented feedstuff. Experiments were done with two treatment groups, T1 without any supplements and T2 supplemented with coated vitamin C+E and cottonseed. Ruminal pH was lower in T2 than in T1 at 3h after morning feeding (p<0.05), but was higher in T2 than in T1 at 6 and 9h after morning feeding (p<0.05). Ruminal ammonia concentration was higher in T2 than in T1 for 12h after morning feeding (p<0.05). Concentrations of acetate, propionate, butyrate and total-VFA were higher in T2 than in T1 at 3h after morning feeding (p<0.05), but were lower in T2 than in T1 at 9 and 12h after morning feeding (p<0.05). Average daily gain and concentrations of blood metabolites and hormones between T1 and T2 were similar. Results indicate that supplementation of coated vitamin C+E and cottonseed to fermented feedstuff affects on ruminal pH, ammonia and VFA. But it has no influences on body weight gain and concentrations of blood metabolites and hormones in Hanwoo steers.

Some RNases Involved in the Processing of Bacteriophage T4 RNA (박테리오파지 T4 tRNA의 프로세싱에 관여하는 몇가지 RNase들)

  • Thong-Sung Ko
    • Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.26 no.6
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    • pp.396-402
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    • 1982
  • Bacteriophage T4 tRNA processing in E. coli mutant strains defective in RNase Ⅲ, RNase E$^-$, and RNase P, respectively, singly or in combinations, was investigated. In $RNase E^- strains, a RNA band, which would be referred as 9S RNA, accumulates, while in RNase$ P^-$ strains, lower band of 6S double band is accumulated. In RNase III$^-$ strains, the production of tRAN$^{Gln}$ coded by T4 tRNA gene cluster, is severely depressed and also production of species 1 RNA, which is coded by T4 DNA but not by the tRNA gene cluster, is in somewhat depressed amounts; on the other hand, at the same time, an upper band of 6S double bands, coded by T4 tRNA gene cluster, is accumulated in rather greater amounts as compared to the RNase $^+$ strain. The upper band RNA of the 6S double band, however, does not appear to be a precursor to the tRNA$^{Gln}$. The present work points to the lack of evidence for an essential cleavage role of RNase Ⅲ, although there must be a role for the RNase Ⅲ in the T4 tRNA processing.

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New Enhanced Degree Computationless Modified Euclid's Algorithm and its Architecture for Reed-Solomon decoders (Reed-Solomon 복호기를 위한 새로운 E-DCME 알고리즘 및 하드웨어 구조)

  • Baek, Jae-Hyun;SunWoo, Myung-Hoon
    • The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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    • v.32 no.8A
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    • pp.820-826
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    • 2007
  • This paper proposes an enhanced degree computationless modified Euclid's(E-DCME) algorithm and its architecture for Reed-Solomon decoders. The proposed E-DCME algorithm has shorter critical path delay that is $T_{mult}+T_{add}+T_{mux}$ compared with the existing modified Euclid's algorithm and the degree computationless modified Euclid's(DCME) algorithm since it uses new initial conditions. The proposed E-DCME architecture employing a systolic array requires only 2t-1 clock cycles to solve the key equation without initial latency. In addition, the E-DCME architecture consisting of 3t basic cells has regularity and scalability since it uses only one processing element. The E-DCME architecture using the $0.18{\mu}m$ Samsung standard cell library consists of 18,000 gates.

Effects of Supplementing Vitamin E and Nanoparticle-Sized Vitamin E on Growth Performance, Blood Profile, and Meat Quality in Broilers

  • Seyeon Chang;Hanjin Oh;Jaewoo An;Dongcheol Song;Hyunah Cho;Sehyun Park;Kyeongho Jeon;Sanghun Park;Yunhwan Park;Gyutae Park;Sehyuk Oh;Nayoung Choi;Jungseok Choi;Jinho Cho
    • Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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    • v.50 no.1
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    • pp.63-72
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    • 2023
  • This study was conducted to investigate the effect of vitamin E and nanoparticle-sized vitamin E (NVE) in a broiler diet on growth performance, blood profiles, and meat quality. A total of 45 one-day-old Arbor Acres broilers (initial body weight of 37.00 ± 0.41 g) were used in this experiment for 28 days. All broilers were randomly allocated into three dietary treatments in a randomized complete block design. The dietary treatments were as follows: a basal diet (CON), a basal diet supplementing with 380 mg/kg of vitamin E (T1), and a basal diet supplementing with 380 mg/kg of NVE (T2). Each treatment had five replicates with three birds per cage. On days 0-7, the T1 and T2 groups significantly increased (P<0.05) body weight gain compared to the CON group. Also, the T1 and T2 groups significantly increased (P<0.05) vitamin E content in blood and breast meat compared to the CON group. In shearing force, the T2 group showed a lower tendency (P=0.070) than the CON group. The T1 group showed a higher tendency (P=0.086) in the b* (yellowness) value than the T2 group. On day 7 after the end of the experiment, the T2 group significantly decreased (P<0.05) TBA values compared to the CON group. In conclusion, supplementation with vitamin E or NVE can improve broiler growth performance in the starter period, reduce TBA value through the antioxidant action of vitamin E, prevent lipid oxidation, and improve shelf life.

BOUNDARY-VALUED CONDITIONAL YEH-WIENER INTEGRALS AND A KAC-FEYNMAN WIENER INTEGRAL EQUATION

  • Park, Chull;David Skoug
    • Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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    • v.33 no.4
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    • pp.763-775
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    • 1996
  • For $Q = [0,S] \times [0,T]$ let C(Q) denote Yeh-Wiener space, i.e., the space of all real-valued continuous functions x(s,t) on Q such that x(0,t) = x(s,0) = 0 for every (s,t) in Q. Yeh [10] defined a Gaussian measure $m_y$ on C(Q) (later modified in [13]) such that as a stochastic process ${x(s,t), (s,t) \epsilon Q}$ has mean $E[x(s,t)] = \smallint_{C(Q)} x(s,t)m_y(dx) = 0$ and covariance $E[x(s,t)x(u,\upsilon)] = min{s,u} min{t,\upsilon}$. Let $C_\omega \equiv C[0,T]$ denote the standard Wiener space on [0,T] with Wiener measure $m_\omega$. Yeh [12] introduced the concept of the conditional Wiener integral of F given X, E(F$\mid$X), and for case X(x) = x(T) obtained some very useful results including a Kac-Feynman integral equation.

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