• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제17권7호
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• pp.605-610
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• 2007

In this paper a dynamic behavior(natural frequency) of a cracked cantilever beam subjected to follower force is presented. In addition, an analysis of the flutter and buckling instability of a cracked cantilever beam subjected to a follower compressive load is presented. Based on the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory, the equation of motion can be constructed by using the Lagrange's equation. The vibration analysis on such cracked beam is conducted to identify the critical follower force for flutter instability based on the variation of the first two resonant frequencies of the beam. Besides, the effect of the crack's intensity and location on the flutter follower force is studied. The crack section is represented by a local flexibility matrix connecting two undamaged beam segments. The crack is assumed to be in the first mode of fracture and to be always opened during the vibrations.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.539-566
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• 2013

This paper summarises the results of a numerical study on the non linear response of steel concentric braced frames under monotonic and cyclic loads, using force-based finite elements with section fibre discretisation. The first part of the study is addressed to analyse the single brace response. A parametric analysis was carried out and discussed to evaluate the accuracy of the model, examining the influence of the initial camber, the material modelling, the type of force-based element, the number of integration points and the number of fibers. The second part of the paper is concerned with the modelling issues of whole braced structures. The effectiveness of the modelling approach is verified against the nonlinear static and dynamic behaviour of different type of bracing configurations. The model sensitivity to brace-to-brace interaction and the capability of the model to mimic the response of complex bracing systems is analyzed. The influence of different approaches for modelling the inertia, the equivalent viscous damping and the brace hysteretic response on the overall structural response are also investigated. Finally, on the basis of the performed numerical study general modelling recommendations are proposed.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제40권7호
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• pp.564-573
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• 2012

새롭게 제안된 공력 설계 절차와 In-house 프로그램을 이용하여 1 MW급 수평축풍력 터빈 블레이드의 형상을 결정하였고, 기존에 개발된 블레이드의 실험 결과와 본 연구에서 제안한 블레이드와의 비교를 통하여 공력 설계에 대한 타당성을 제시하였다. 블레이드의 구조 설계는 Netting Rule과 Rule of Mixture를 적용하여 설계를 진행하였다. 설계된 블레이드의 구조적 안전성은 상업적 유한요소프로그램인 MSC.NASTRAN을 사용하여 다양한 하중에 따라 선형 정적해석, 변형해석, 좌굴해석, 진동모드해석 등을 수행하였다. 최종적으로 Spera가 제시한 실험식을 적용하여 요구된 피로수명에 대해 타당성을 확인하였다.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제22권10호
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• pp.195-201
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• 2005

A laterally driven electromagnetic microactuator (LaDEM) is presented, and a micro-optical switch is designed and fabricated as a possible application. LaDEM provides parallel actuation of the microactuator to the silicon substrate surface (in-plane mode) by the Lorentz force. Poly-silicon-on-insulator (Poly-SOI) wafers and a reactive ion etching (RIE) process were used to fabricate high-aspect-ratio vertical microstructures, which allowed the equipment of a vertical micro mirror. A fabricated arch-shaped leaf spring has a thickness of $1.8{\mu}m$, width of $16{\mu}m$, and length of $800{\mu}m$. The resistance of the fabricated structure fer the optical switch was approximately 5$\Omega$. The deflection of the leaf springs increases linearly up to about 400 mA and then it demonstrates a buckling behavior around the current value. Owing to this nonlinear phenomenon, a large displacement of $60{\mu}m$ could be measured at 566 mA. The displacement-load relation and some dynamic characteristics are analyzed using the finite element simulations.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.141-150
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• 2004

1995년 고베지진에 의해 피해를 입었던 중력식 안벽구조물과 잔교식 안벽구조물의 동적 거동을 재현하고, 분석하기 위하여 소규모 1-g 진동대 모형시험을 수행하였다. 1989년 Iai가 제안한 상사법칙을 이용하여 진동대 모형시험 결과를 원형크기의 것으로 환산하여 현장계측 결과와 비교하였다. 그 결과, 중력식 안벽구조물의 변위는 현장계측 결과의 약 1/3 정도 발생하였고, 벽체의 변형 형상은 원형과 유사하였다. 잔교식 안벽구조물의 변위는 현장계측 결과의 약 2/3 가 발생하였고, 말뚝에 발생하는 최대모멘트의 위치와 원형말뚝의 파괴위치는 잘 일치하였다.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.451-458
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• 2008

본 논문에서는 중 약진 지역에서 중력 저항시스템인 중간 모멘트골조로 설계된 3층, 6층 RE 플랫플레이트 구조물을 KBC 2005를 만족하도록 RC구조물에 강판과 가새/ BRB 등의 보강방법을 적용하여 보강하고, 내진성능을 평가하여 보강 효과를 검증하였다. 비탄성 정적해석과 동적해석 결과에 따르면 내진 보강된 구조물은 강도와 강성이 크게 향상된 것으로 나타났다 특히 기둥을 철판으로 보강한 경우 슬래브를 철판으로 보강하여 조기 뚫림 전단파괴를 방지함으로써 강도를 크게 향상할 수 있다. BRB로 보강된 구조물은 Brace로 보강된 구조물보다 다소 연성적 거동을 보였으며, 그 효과는 3층 모델에서 현저하게 나타났다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제54권6호
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• pp.1245-1266
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• 2015

In this research, the cylindrical absorber made of expanded metal sheets under impact loading has been examined. Expanded metal sheets due to their low weight, effective collapse mechanism has a high energy absorption capacity. Two types of absorbers with different cells angle were examined. First, the absorber with cell angle ${\alpha}=0$ and then the absorber with angle cell ${\alpha}=90$. Experimental Study is done by drop Hammer device and numerical investigation is done by finite element of ABAQUS software. The output of device is acceleration-time Diagram which is shown by Accelerometer that is located on the picky mass. Also the output of ABAQUS software is shown by force-displacement diagram. In this research, the numerical and experimental study of the collapse type, force-displacement diagrams and effective parameters has been investigated. Similarly, the comparison between numerical and experimental results has been observed that these results are matched well with each other. From the obtained results it was observed that the absorber with cell angle ${\alpha}=0$, have symmetric collapse and had high energy absorption capacity but the absorber with cell angle ${\alpha}=90$, had global buckling and the energy absorption value was not suitable.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제53권9호
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• pp.3100-3111
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• 2021

Numerical modeling for the safety-related equipment used in a nuclear power plant (i.e., cabinet facilities) plays an essential role in seismic risk assessment. A full finite element model is often time-consuming for nonlinear time history analysis due to its computational modeling complexity. Thus, this study aims to generate a simplified model that can capture the nonlinear behavior of the electrical cabinet. Accordingly, the distributed plasticity approach was utilized to examine the stiffness-degradation effect caused by the local buckling of the structure. The inherent dynamic characteristics of the numerical model were validated against the experimental test. The outcomes indicate that the proposed model can adequately represent the significant behavior of the structure, and it is preferred in practice to perform the nonlinear analysis of the cabinet. Further investigations were carried out to evaluate the seismic behavior of the cabinet under the influence of the constitutive law of material models. Three available models in OpenSees (i.e., linear, bilinear, and Giuffre-Menegotto-Pinto (GMP) model) were considered to provide an enhanced understating of the seismic responses of the cabinet. It was found that the material nonlinearity, which is the function of its smoothness, is the most effective parameter for the structural analysis of the cabinet. Also, it showed that implementing nonlinear models reduces the seismic response of the cabinet considerably in comparison with the linear model.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.165-176
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• 2021

Existing research on confined concrete filled steel tubular (CCFT) columns has been mainly focused on static or cyclic loading. In this paper, square section CCFT and CFT columns were tested under both static and impact loading, using a 10,000 kN capacity compression test machine and a drop weight testing equipment. Research parameters included bonded and unbonded fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) wraps, with carbon, basalt and glass FRPs (or CFRP, BFRP, and GFRP), respectively. Time history curves for impact force and steel strain observed are discussed in detail. Experimental results show that the failure modes of specimens under impact testing were characterized by local buckling of the steel tube and cracking at the corners, for both CCFT and CFT columns, similar to those under static loading. For both static and impact loading, the FRP wraps could improve the behavior and increase the loading capacity. To analyze the dynamic behavior of the composite columns, a finite element, FE, model was established in LS-DYNA. A simplified method that is compared favorably with test results is also proposed to predict the impact load capacity of square CCFT columns.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.443-459
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• 2023

This paper investigates the stability of a bi-directional functionally graded (BD-FG) cylindrical beam made of imperfect concrete, taking into account size-dependency and the effect of geometry on its stability behavior. Both buckling and dynamic behavior are analyzed using the modified coupled stress theory and the classical beam theory. The BD-FG structure is created by using porosity-dependent FG concrete, with changing porosity voids and material distributions along the pipe radius, as well as uniform and nonuniform radius functions that vary along the beam length. Energy principles are used to generate partial differential equations (PDE) for stability analysis, which are then solved numerically. This study sheds light on the complex behavior of BD-FG structures, and the results can be useful for the design of stable cylindrical microstructures.