• Textile Coloration and Finishing
• /
• v.24 no.2
• /
• pp.97-105
• /
• 2012

Compared with conventional adsorption-based coloration, the photoreactions of dyes such as photo-copolymerization and photo-crosslinking under UV irradiation can be employed for the coloration of textiles, which can be carried out without salt addition at room temperature. C.I. Reactive Black 5, a homo-bifunctional reactive dye containing two sulfatoethylsulfone groups, is used as a photo-reactive dye for wool fibers. Upon UV irradiation, the photo-reactive dye was grafted onto wool fabrics without photoinitiators. Since the disulfide bonds in the cystine residues of wool can be easily photodecomposed to active thiyl radicals which initiate the polymerization, the dye can be polymerized to an oligomeric dye of a degree of polymerization of 12 or more. The grafted fabrics reached a grafting yield of 2.3% o.w.f. and a color yield (K/S) of 18.2 by the photografting of an aqueous dye concentration of 9% using a UV energy of 25J/$cm^2$. Furthermore, the photochemically dyed wool fabric showed higher colorfastness properties to light, laundering and rubbing comparable to conventional reactive dyeing.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.76-82
• /
• 2011

Ultra High molecular weight polyethylene(UHMWPE) films were photooxidized by UV/ozone irradiation. Reflectance of the irradiated films decreased in the low wavelength regions of visible light, indicating destructive interference of visible light due to roughened surface. The UV treatment developed the nano-scale roughness on the UHMWPE films surface, which increased by two-fold from 82.6 to 156.6nm in terms of peak-valley roughness. The UV irradiation caused the oxygen content of the UHMWPE film surface to increase. Water contact angle decreased from $83.2^{\circ}$ to $72.9^{\circ}$ and surface energy increased from 37.8 to 42.6mJ/$m^2$ with increasing UV energy. The surface energy change was attributed to significant contribution of polar component rather than nonpolar component indicating surface photooxidation of UHMWPE films. The increased dyeability to cationic dyes may be due to the photochemically introduced anionic and dipolar dyeing sites on the film surfaces.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.27 no.3
• /
• pp.218-223
• /
• 1983

Triazinyl reactive dye containing two different chromophore was synthesized by using trifluoro-s-triazine as reactive component. The yield of this dye was 72% and its colour was yellowish red as a mixed shade. The hydrolysis rate and dyeing properties of this dye were studied and compared with monochlorotriazinyl reactive dye. It was found that monofluorotriazinyl reactive dye showed much higher hydrolysis rate than monochlorotriazinyl reactive dye.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
• /
• v.55 no.6
• /
• pp.837-845
• /
• 2017

A recirculating integrated system composed of a fluidized biofilter filled with waste-tire crumb media fixed with return sludge from wastewater treatment facility of D dyeing industrial center, and a UV/photocatalytic reactor packed with calcined $TiO_2$ coated-glass beads as photocatalyst-support, was constructed and was run to treat authentic textile-dyeing wastewater from D-dyeing industrial center, which was mixed with an alkaline polyester-weight-reducing wastewater and a wastewater from sizing process. As a result, its total removal efficiency(RE(tot)) of $COD_{cr}$ and colors were ca. 81% and 55%, respectively. The synergy effect of the recirculating integrated system to enhance total removal efficiency(RE(tot)) of $COD_{cr}$ and colors were evaluated at most ca. 7% and 3%, respectively. The fluidized biofilter and the UV/photocatalytic reactor were responsible for ca. 94% and 6% of the total $COD_{cr}$ removal efficiency, respectively, and were also responsible for ca. 86% and 14% of the total color-removal efficiency, respectively. Thus, the degree of the UV/photocatalytic reactor-unit process's contribution to RE(tot) of color, was about 2.4 times of that to RE(tot) of $COD_{cr}$. Therefore, the UV/photocatalytic reactor facilitated the more effective elimination of colors by breaking down the chemical bonds oriented from colors of dyes such as azo-bond, than $COD_{cr}$. In addition, the effect of the removal efficiency of each unit process(i.e., the fluidized biofilter or the UV/photocatalytic reactor) of the recirculating integrated system on RE(tot) of $COD_{cr}$ and colors, was analysed by establishing its model equation with an analytic correlation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
• /
• v.32 no.6
• /
• pp.882-889
• /
• 2008

Three fabrics, 100% silk, nylon and cotton each, were dyed with a lichen dye solution prepared by a fermentation method under conditions of varying dyebath pH and temperature. To verify the effect of chitosan on fabric dyeing, the 100% cotton fabric was treated with a chitosan solution before dyeing. The K/S, CIE $L^*$, $a^*$, $b^*$, ${\Delta}E$ and Munsell values of the dyed samples were measured. Colorfastness of each sample was also investigated. The maximum K/S value was measured at 520nm wavelength for the dyed silk fabric and at 480nm for the dyed cotton and nylon. The K/S values for the dyed silk fabric were much greater than those of the other fabrics. The dyed silk fabric showed a red tone on the Munsell color system, and the dyed nylon and cotton fabrics a yellowish red tone. Dye affinity to fabrics was better in a neutral or acidic dyebath. As dyeing temperature increased, K/S values increased for the dyed nylon and cotton fabrics but not for the silk. Dyeability of cotton fabrics could improve by Chitosan treatment. As for most natural dyes, colorfastness of all dyed samples was poor. The silk fabric showed an excellent dry cleaning fastness of Grade 5.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.17 no.8
• /
• pp.447-452
• /
• 2019

Modern people are investing a lot of time and economically in their appearance as a means of expressing their aesthetic desires. They have a lot of hair dyes that make up most of their appearance, but their hair damage is serious. Especially, they use hair dyes which are very popular among the hair cosmetics that make up most of their appearance, but their hair damage is serious. The purpose of this study is to investigate the hair tensile strength of hair with oxidative hair dye to induce styling while minimizing hair damage. The results showed that the Max. load, Max. stress, Max. elongation, break load, break stress, break elongation, maximum modulus and tangential modulus according to evaluation interval were significantly different between control and 8N-10N experimental groups. The maximum modulus and tangential modulus for the strain interval did not show tendency to increase or decrease constantly, although there was a difference between the control and experimental group. Therefore this study was conducted to investigate the correlation between hair loss and hair damage through the treatment of high grade oxidative hair dye, which is widely used in ield of industry. We want to provide application data.

• Journal of Korea Foresty Energy
• /
• v.25 no.1
• /
• pp.18-23
• /
• 2006

pH dependent K/S values, Hue, Value, and Chroma change of the hot-water and alkali extract of Boehmeria tricuspis have investigated as a part of the studies on natural dye resources. Maximum optical absorption of the dyed cotton, Korean paper, and silk with the extract were observed at 400 nm. According to the result of pH dependent K/S values change, it tended to increase as pH decreased except for the silk and there was no change near pH 7. For Hue, the materials dyed with hot-water and alkali extract indicated YR and R color, respectively. The change in Value of the dyed materials tended to increase, whereas Chroma of them decreased as the pH moved to alkali conditions although there were no significant changes near pH 7. As a result, it is considered that the optimum pH would be 7 when the mentioned materials are dyed with Boehmeria tricuspis extract.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
• /
• v.6 no.1
• /
• pp.17-22
• /
• 2004

The purpose of this study was to obtain the basic element of patterns, which is the motif, from the existing art works and use it to create and simulate a variety of patterns to show the practical use of the computer. Natural dyed works of geometric shapes like squares and 1/4 of circles, each dyed with a different natural dyes, were produced and motifs were extracted. Then using the 4D box in Adobe Photoshop v.6.0, the developing pattern change and simulation effects when using different patterns and different repetition settings were examined. Observations were made as the motifs were replicated. Different patterns like a diagonal line, a square and a circle appeared. In order to find out the effects according to the changes, the motifs from work's square portions, circle centre, and the composition of eight motifs were extracted and used. The repeated patterns according to the extracted motifs simply showed that in the case of just repeating and arranging, square patterns appeared. By replicating and arranging, the motif and the allophone were matched and patterns with regular lines were formed, like a twill, pointed twill line. By setting the direction to Y and X in the repetition methodes, a typical half-drop arrangement or a brick pattern arrangement were formed according to 1/4, 2/4, 3/4, 1/3, or 2/3 in changes. Also the steepness of the slope changes quickly or in turn slowly as the rhombus shape appears. However in the case of a composed motif, an ogee pattern appeared. Lastly, by 3-D mapping patterns like a slant line, pointed twill patterns, diamond patterns, and the repeat patterns of a motif with a circle and a line combined, and a circle motif, an optical illusion could be observed.

• Advances in environmental research
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.113-125
• /
• 2017

Santa Barbara Amorphous-15(SBA-15) nanoparticles were utilized as the inexpensive and effective adsorbents to remove methylene blue dye from the aqueous solution.SBA-15 was created by Zhao et al method. Infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used for the evaluated physical properties of SBA-15. The results of diffraction X-ray indicated that was the crystalline structure for it. Also IR spectroscopy indicated was a silica the whole structure of the groups and SEM image verify the structure of relatively identical particles size of SBA-15. Factors affecting adsorption including the amounts of adsorbent, pH and contact time were investigated by a SBA-15 nanomaterial design. The extent of dye removal enhanced with increasing initial dye concentration and pH from 4 to 10. The higher percentage adsorption were obtained under optimum conditions of variables (sorbent dose of 200 mg/liter, initial MB concentration 10 mg/liter, initial pH of 10 and temperature of $25^{\circ}C$). Maximum adsorption happened after the 2 hour and the kinetic processes of the dyes adsorption were described by applying the pseudo-first-order and the pseudo-second-order and the relatively High correlation with the kinetic Ellovich models. It was found that the pseudo-second-order models kinetic equation described the data of dye adsorption with a good correlation (R2>0.999) which indicated chemisorption mechanism. Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption models were investigated in conditions of variables (adsorbent dose 0.01 gr/liter, MB concentration 10, 20, 30 mg/liter, pH of 4, 7, 10, contact time 90 min and temperature of $27^{\circ}C$). The adsorption data were represented by Langmuir isotherm model. These values are higher than the adsorption capacities of some other adsorbents that have recently been published in the literature.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
• /
• v.24 no.4
• /
• pp.408-415
• /
• 2013

In order to evaluate a feasibility of industrial art use of veneer such as cylindrical laminated veneer lumber, the veneers of 4 species of Korean pine, radiata pine, yellow poplar and Japanese cypress were natural dye-colored and clear finished. Natural dyes were red color originated from sappanwood, blue color from polygonum indigo, and yellow color from Amur cork tree and gardenia. the clear coats of crack seal clear and UV protection oil were applied on the dyed veneer. The dyeing and finishing characteristics through fading test were summarized as follows; In non-dyed and non-finished Korean pine veneer, lightness was decreased and yellow and red hues increased after fading test. In natural dyed- and finished-veneer, color difference of gardenia-mixed Amur cork tree was generally highest, and that of polygonum indigo was lowest. Compared to non-treatment of veneers of Korean pine and yellow poplar, color difference decreasing effect by finishing was shown in crack seal clear and UV protection oil. In addition, UV protection oil was more favorable than crack seal clear with more decreased color difference. In result, maximum values of color difference after fading for 8 days were recorded about 16 to 20, which are remarked 'very much' of 12.1 or more when reviewing with 'National bureau of standards unit in USA'.