• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.353-363
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• 2010

The most efficient measures to reduce damage from natural disasters include activities which prevent disasters in advance, decrease possibility of disasters and minimize the scale of damage. Therefore, developing of the risk assessment model is very important to reduce the natural disaster damage. This study estimated a typhoon damage which is the biggest damage scale among increased natural disasters in Korea along with climate change. The results of 3-second gust at the height of 10m level from the typhoon 'Maemi' which did considerable damage to Korean in 2003, using the wind data at the height of 700 hPa. September 12th 09 LST~13th 12 LST period by the time a typhoon Maemi approached to the Korean peninsula. This study estimate damage amount using 'Fragility curve' which is the damage probability curve about a certain wind speed of the each building component factors based on wind load estimation results by using 3-second gust. But the fragility curve is not to Korea. Therefore, we use the fragility curves to FPHLM(FDFS, 2005). The result of houses damage amount is about 11 trillion 5 million won. This values are limit the 1-story detached dwelling, $62.51\sim95.56\;m^2$ of total area. Therefore, this process is possible application to other type houses.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제94권4호통권161호
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• pp.226-235
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• 2005

산불로 식생이 전소한 소나무림은 덤불이 우거진 초지로의 식생변화가 일어난다. 그러나 산불 당년에는 인접한 소나무림에 서식하는 곤충들이 이입할 가능성이 높아 초지와 덤불로 구성된 산불피해 임지에 산림성 곤충이 일시적으로 득세할 가능성이 있다. 본 연구는 산불 후 1년 동안 피해지에 산림곤충들이 이입하는 현상을 관찰하기 위해 1996년 대형산불이 발생한 강원도의 고성지역에서 피해지와 인접한 소나무 숲에서 딱정벌레류의 발생상황을 비교 조사하였다. 산불지는 60종 381개체, 비산불지는 63종 370개체가 채집되어 차이가 없었다. 피해지에서 출현된 딱정벌레 중 개체수가 비교적 많았던 종들은 대부분 인접 산림에서도 채집되었고, 계절별 채집양상이 산불지와 비산불지가 비슷하여 산불초기에 활발한 곤충의 이입을 나타내었다. 서식처별로는 지표보다는 식생에 서식하는 딱정벌레류의 이입이 활발하였다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.250-257
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• 2013

This study focuses on the fact that the Korean traditional design application appears as one of the trends for a planning technique to express an apartment as a healthy, clean and environment-friendly dwelling recently. Focusing on this, this study tries to apply the characteristic of Han-Ok to an apartment unit plan more compositively beyond the fragmentary design application of existing preceding researches. To do this, the space organization, residential space and housing design elements of Han-Ok are deducted through preceding researches and case studies and proposes a plan by applying this to the apartment plan with a floor plan of about $132m^2$(40 pyeong). The apartment unit plan containing the characteristic of Han-Ok proposed in this study is planned based on the floor plan of about $132m^2$(40 pyeong) which is distributed the most in the city of Seoul. It has an advantage in terms that it can be individually applied not only when a construction firm progresses business anew carrying the banner for a Korean-style apartment but also an existing residents can apply through remodelling. Meanwhile, it has a limit that the diversified space sense and the advantage of an airy Han-Ok cannot be applied to many parts of the design due to the characteristic of an apartment of diverse height change. If a measure to secure constructability and economic feasibility while reflecting diverse differences of floor-level of an apartment can be prepared in follow-up researches, much more various advantages of Han-Ok can be put into the apartment design.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.1-19
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• 2003

In Scandinavian countries, where the society experienced change of typical nuclear family structure and higher vocational activity rates of married women earlier than East Asian countries, cohousing scheme has been evolved as an alternative housing to reduce housework for working women, and to reduce loneliness of elderly people who stay in their own homes. They can promote active mutual relationship among residents in the community. Korean family structure has been stemmed to more like extended family, but the tendency to live independently from their married children is getting more and more common in new cohort of senior citizens who are active, healthy, economically stable and higher educated. Korea has been industrialized rather rapidly since 1970's and faces to many societal phenomena about quality of life for senior citizens. Introduction of alternative housing solution for these senior citizens is necessary in Korea. In this paper, Danish senior cohousing scheme, particularly, self-work model project is described about its design feature in accordance to site planning, common facility, and dwelling unit. Aiming to mutual support and more frequent social contacts among residents, self-work model cohousing scheme has different design concept from the service mode scheme. Information about design feature of senior cohousing was collected from the published data with drawings and from field survey to 10 exiting projects in Denmark. Of those, 5 projects were described as a case study. It, hopefully, could provide practical information for architectural design when establishment of senior cohousing schemes start in Korea in the near future.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.41-50
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• 2010

In recent study, we are referencing the necessity by examining the environment for housing policies for elderly Koreans. In reality, Japan, who is ahead of our country, has already experienced and is currently in progress for the aging society. They have developed a profound housing policy under all circumstances with the change of aging society. There forth, we are in progress of examining the series of helpful characteristics being presented by Japan, and how they have expanded and improved their housing support services. Our country must clearly ensure a resolution for investigating a new direction in housing policy and housing support services by learning through the development process of Japan's housing support services for the aging society. For instance, Japan have provided housing policy in both housing and welfare for senior citizens. Recently, the reason they are well adjusted for housing and welfare linked with special care and supportive living services and being skillfully focused on the maintenance policy is because they have great implications on how to successively organize housing policies for the aged society. Recent studies show preferred living arrangement and housing policy of the elderly for stabilization in the aging society. First, must be aware of the leading factors for housing in later life, organize dwelling patterns for diverse characteristics and give consideration for future life plans. Second, must continuously maintain an accessible environment in all community levels without changing the required services in their livelihood by adjusting to diverse changes for the aged. In addition, must organize flexibility in choice following these housing-support services for the elderly's desire and self reliance which raises profound questions on cultural policy.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.75-85
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• 1983

This study was done to research the relationship between general characteristics and stressor, stress situation, Nursing Intervention of pregnant woman. The subjects for this study were 70 pregnant woman from 3 clinics of Obstetrics and Gynecology located in J city. The data was collected through questionaires which was developed by Norman J. Chestnut. The content of the questionaire consist of following 3 categories; (1) stressor (2) stress situation (3) Mental and Physical support of husband. Analysis of data was done by use percentage, x²-test. (through EDPS) The findings of this study are as follows; 1, Stressors of pregnant woman are stresses associated with fetus, socioeconomic problem, herself, delivery, abortion and prematureity, husband, change of appearances, management of home, a woman's parents-in-law. Stress situations of pregnant woman are when she is doing on the heavy management of home, limit of life, socioeconomic discomfort, taking medicine, difficult relationship with a woman's parents-in-law, being sign of abortion and prematurity, her physical discomfort, family desire of delivery of son baby. 2. Husband's mental support that pregnant woman desired are careful husband's role, More love and interest about pregnant, cooperation of child reaing, maintenance of healthy life, understaning of diffical pregnancy, early return home, giving up drinking, positive feeling about changed appearance, unconcern about sex of fetus. And husband's mental supports that pregnant woman desired are cooperating of homework and childrearing, limit of intercouse, release behavior of pregnant woman's physical discern-fort, a walk, behavior with pregnancy together, socioeconomic stability. 3. Stressor of pregnant woman was significant with education, number of son, economic status, personality of husband, dowelling. (P<.05) And stress situation of pregnant woman was significant with personality of husband, dwelling, husband's desired sex .of baby. (P<.05) 4. Husband's mental and physical supports that pregnant woman desired was significant with number of daughter. (P<.05).

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.257-268
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• 1998

The purpose of this study were to identify the characteristics of urinary incontinence in adult women and to identify it's relating factors, daily living and sexual problem related urinary incontinence. Subjects were 60 community dwelling women in the age of 25-60 years old at 1 cities in Korea. The data were collected from January 1988 to May. 1998. Subject were interviewed with structured questionnaire. Questionaire was composed of item of general characteristics, obstetrical characteristics, measuring tool of severity of urinary incontinence, discomfort due to urinary incontinence. The data were analyzed with SAS program, descriptive statistics, T-test, ANOVA test. The results of study were as followings. 1) Most of incontinence women were mildly incontinent subjects(mean=7.40). 2) The common activity related to the urinary incontinence were coughing, sneezing, laughing aloudly exercising. 63.5% of women reported small volume accidents of only 1 to 2 drops. 3) The incidence of urinary incontinence was significantly higher in woman who had more pariety and older age of last delivery, menopause, itching sense of vagina. 4) 73.3% of the episodic urinary incontinence were not treated because the felt that urinary incontinence was not disease(70.4%) was shamful(18.1%), was incurable inspite of treatement attempt(4.5%). 5) Daily living problem related to urinary incontinence were as follows : Voiding before going out(66.6%), odor of urine(10.0), frequent underwear change.(88.3%). 6) Sexual intercourse problem related to urinary incontinence were as follows : Pain during sexual intercourse(30.0%), sexual life trouble,(8.3%), urine leakage.(11.7%) The results indicate that urinary incontinence is common in adult women. Health care provider should develop and provide adequate nursing intervention for prevention and early treatment of urinary incontinence.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.232-241
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• 2016

Installing a ventilator for an apartment house composed of over 100 dwelling units was mandated in 2006 to improve indoor air quality. In the case of mechanical ventilators, the air change rate is kept stable, however 68% of dwellers do not operate their ventilator because of an increased electrical bill and noise. In the case of natural ventilators, the former problems are settled, but there are concerns about cold draught and an increase of heating/cooling cost. Authors are developing a heat recovery type natural ventilator which is a natural ventilator equipped with total heat recovery element, and it is expected that those problems of mechanical ventilator and natural ventilator are resolved by this. The combined type diffuser of this study is an under developed fit to the heat recovery type natural ventilator above. There are no standards to evaluate the performance for this type of diffuser. Due to this issue this study investigated the performance of the ventilation and maintained a thermal environment for the combined type diffuser by comparing it with existing diffusers. The results revealed that the performances of the combined type of diffusers showed different features from the existing ones, and was estimated to be high enough in the performances above.

• 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
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• 제35권7호
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• pp.89-99
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to reveal the meaning of Le Corbusier's works focused on Maison Guiette. This House was completed in 1926, 4 year later than the work of the Citrohan and also, this house is the only remaining mixed use Dwelling in Belgium. It offers a fine example of the early architectural concepts of Le Corbusier's. Despite these important facts, the meanings of the ideas of this house have not been paid attention as much as other houses constructed at the same period, such as Maison La Roche, Maison Stein de Monzie, Villa Savoye, etc. In his book, 'Oeuvre Complete 1910-1929', Le Corbusier mentioned as follows: "A special solution imposed by Belgian housing developments characterized by a dimension of 6 meters of frontage and a very great depth. The staircase serving the various floors is like the ladder of Jacob climbs Charlie Chaplin in the "Kid" and This house is an architectural experiments of his ideas. And this study aims at analysing the relationship between Maison Guiette and spaces on the basic of Le Corbusier's 'Five Points of a New Architecture' which had a great effects on architectural history and became a fundamental elements for the change into the Modern housing. By analysing the points in regard with the Features of Architectural Concept Applied in Maison Guiette, The Five Points are the background of the interpenetration of the interior and the exterior. To attain this, this research appraises each points in detail in regards with Maison Guiette. The study of Maison Guiette will be an important architectural subject to clarify the meaning of his later works and ideas.

• 한국철학논집
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• 제50호
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• pp.139-169
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• 2016

조선 후기 집권 노론의 낙학파는 성리학의 이념으로 국정을 이끌면서 종래의 '정신적' 측면에 급급했던 데서 벗어나 '물질'에 대한 관심으로 정계와 학계의 분위기를 전환했다. 이런 움직임을 주도했던 세력이 김원행(金元行)을 중심으로 한 석실서원(石室書院) 계통의 학인들이었다. 그러나 소수의 진보적 학자-북학론자들을 제외한 대다수 낙학파 학자들은 청나라의 실체를 내심 인정하면서도 종래의 성리학적 전통에서 벗어 나지는 못하였다. 그들은 정권의 존립 기반을 위태롭게 하는 북학론을 수용하기 어려웠다. 종래의 성리학적 전통과 조선중화주의의 이념을 지키면서도 청나라의 문화 수준에 이를 방안을 모색하였고, 그 과정에서 "성리대전"에 집약된 경세학 체계의 복구를 대안으로 인식하였다. 황윤석은 낙학파의 이런 대응논리를 대변하였던 성리학자다. 그는 성리학의 범주 안에 들어 있는 상수학의 가치를 재발견하였고, "성리대전"의 중요성을 다시 부각했다.