• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.342-354
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• 2000

This study was conducted to identify the characteristics of activities of daily living(ADU) and its influencing factors in patients with chronic arthritis. The data were obtained from 104 patients with chronic arthritis in one university hospital from May to August. 2000. For analysing data. SAS program was used for t-test. ANOVA, Schefte test. Pearson correlation. and stepwise multiple regression. The results were as follows: 1. The variables which influenced self-efficacy were duration of disease. number of painful joint, quality of sleep and alcohol drinking. 2. The variables which influenced fatigue were diagnosis and number of painful joint. 3. The variables which influenced ADL were age. duration of disease. diagnosis. number of painful joint. number of exercise and alcohol drinking. 4. ADL was positive correlation with self-efficacy and negative correlation with fatigue. And self-efficacy was negative correlation with fatigue. 5. The predictors to explain ADL were self-efficacy. number of painful joint. lupus. duration of disease and religion. These predictors explained $66.01\%$ of the activites of daily living. According to these findings. the most significant influencing factor of ADL was self-efficacy. therefore the development of nursing intervention for enhancing self-efficacy would be needed. Also. it is suggested that an exercise program should be recommended as one of useful and appropriate nursing intervention for reducing fatigue and increasing ADL.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.115-118
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• 2007

A tall building construction is needed to reduce the construction duration for project profitability. Reducing the cycle time of typical floor in the structural frame work which have the largest duration in the whole construction, greatly affects construction duration. Nowadays, some projects are accomplished in the 3 day cycle. In order to accomplish efficiently 3 day cycle, productivity information of similar projects is supported. Therefore, this study proposed labor productivity and application by slab formwork to construct by the 3 day cycle. In order to perform an analysis, we selected 3 cases and analyzed the labor productivity on the basis of the amount of slab forms, labors, and durations. Then, we performed the questionnaire to analyze the application by formwork of tall building construction engineers. This study will contribute to establish a reasonable scheduling in structural frame work of a new similar project.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.103-112
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• 2007

This study was designed to validate Spreading Activation Theory (SAT) for an evaluation methodology for menu structure through Eye-Tracking approach. When a visual search is on the way, more eye fixations and time are necessary to visually process complex and vague area. From the aspect of recognition, well-designed menu structures were hypothesized to have fewer numbers of fixations and shorter duration because well-designed menu structures reflecting the users' mental model would be well matched with the product's menu structure, resulting in reducing the number of fixations and duration time. The results show that the shorter reaction times for SAT had significantly fewer numbers of fixation and shorter duration time as the hypothesis for this study stated. In conclusion, SAT was proved to be an effective evaluation methodology for menu structure with the eye tracking equipment. In addition, using SAT instead of the real performance experiment would be useful for designing user-centered systems and convenient information structures because SAT was proven to be the theoretical background for design and evaluation of menu structures.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2022.06a
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• pp.608-615
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• 2022

Construction projects are large-scale projects that require extensive construction costs and resources. Especially, scheduling is considered as one of the essential issues for project success. However, the schedule and resource management are challenging to conduct in high-tech construction projects including complex design of MEP and architectural finishing which has to be constructed within a limited workspace and duration. In order to deal with such a problem, this study suggests resource and sequence optimization using constraint programming in construction projects. The optimization model consists of two modules. The first module is the data structure of the schedule model, which consists of parameters for optimization such as labor, task, workspace, and the work interference rate. The second module is the optimization module, which is for optimizing resources and sequences based on Constraint Programming (CP) methodology. For model validation, actual data of plumbing works were collected from a construction project using a five-minute rate (FMR) method. By comparing actual data and optimized results, this study shows the possibility of reducing the duration of plumbing works in construction projects. This study shows decreased overall project duration by eliminating work interference by optimizing resources and sequences within limited workspaces.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.235-243
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to measure the effects of aroma inhalation on fatigue and quality of sleep of postpartum mothers. Method: The study design was a non-equivalent control group pre-post design. 51 Postpartum mothers were assigned either to a control group or to an experimental group that was exposed to aromas through inhalation for 6 days. Subjects in the experimental group were instructed to wear a necklace filled with Lavender and Eucalyptus oil from 2:00 PM to 8:00 PM every day. Fatigue was measured using the Rhoten Fatigue Scale. Sleep duration, night arousal frequency and sleep satisfaction were used to assess the quality of sleep. Result: There was a significant difference in the score of fatigue following the treatment between the experimental and control groups (t=-2.79 p=.00). However, there was no significant difference in sleep duration, frequency of night arousal and sleep satisfaction following aroma inhalation between two groups. Conclusion: This intervention appears to be effective in reducing the fatigue in postpartum mothers.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.27-37
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• 2017

In the construction sites, rush (speedy construction) work have recently been overused because of budget reductions by reducing the construction duration after the long-term economic recession and construction business stagnation with institutional change including the instruction of the duration shortening bidding system and the introduction of the post-construction sales system by the Korea Research Institute for Human Settlements. Due to this, negligent accidents have frequently occurred by forcing manpower, equipment, finance, and material procurement and pressing ahead with impractical construction wok at night according to the reduction of construction schedules. Therefore, this paper has the necessity of this study to seek for alternatives to prevent negligent accidents by finding factors related to rush work in the reality that the importance for preventing negligent accidents is more emphasized while they have not been reduced in construction sites.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.1453-1456
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• 2004

PARO, a power-aware routing optimization mechanism, is proposed in [1] to minimize the transmission power needed to forward packets between wireless devices in ad hoc network. The mechanism works by redirecting the route to pass through one or more intermediate nodes on behalf on source-destination pairs, then reducing the end-to-end transmission power. This paper will show an extension of this model and provide an analysis of the geometrical area lying between source and destination in which the intermediate node elects to perform redirection. The duration the intermediate node stays in that area is also computed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.591-597
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• 2012

This study was conducted to investigate the changes in chemical components and antioxidant activities of dried jujube ($Zizyphus$ $jujuba$ Miller) with different aging temperatures ($60^{\circ}C$, $70^{\circ}C$, and $80^{\circ}C$) and durations (5 days, 10 days, 15 days, 30 days, and 50 days). The browning index increased from 0.124 to 1.998 with increased aging temperature and duration. As aging duration increased, fructose, glucose, and sucrose content decreased from 24.96% to 4.96%, from 22.23% to 4.41%, and from 18.41% to 0%, respectively. Reducing sugar content decreased from 351.52 mg/g to 155.96 mg/g as aging temperature and duration increased. Total acidity slightly increased from 1.61 to 3.13%. 5-Hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde increased from 0.002 mg/g to 38.84 mg/g, respectively. As aging temperature and duration increased, total polyphenol content increased from 15.98 mg/g to 38.61 mg/g. DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities increased from 4.03 mg trolox eq/g to 22.22 mg trolox eq/g, and from 2.11 mg ascorbic acid eq/g to 13.39 mg ascorbic acid eq/g, respectively. Reducing power increased rapidly in the first stage and then slowly increased afterward.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.55-66
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• 2017

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate whether mindful meditation programs conducted in ACT(Acceptance &Commitment Therapy) and MBCT(Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy) were effective in changing in depression and anxiety. Methods : In order to achieve this, we have performed meta-analysis of the studies on ACT and MBCT among studies published in the national academic journals, master thesis, and doctoral thesis. Dependent variables were limited to depressive and anxiety symptoms. By using meta analysis method, we retrieved journal articles published in Korea between 2009 and 2015 using keyword searches of electronic databases. Result : The results of the analysis showed that both ACT and MBCT had a significant effect on reducing depressive symptoms (Hedges' g = -0.71, p < 0.01). Both also had a significant effect on reducing anxiety symptoms (Hedges' g = -1.134, p < 0.01). These results imply that both ACT and MBCT interventions can be useful interventions for both depressive and anxiety symptoms. In the case of interventions for depressive symptoms, the college student group showed better results than the adult group. In addition, the ACT program had a stronger effect on reducing depressive symptoms than the MBCT program. In the case of interventions for anxiety symptoms, the mixed gender group showed better results than the female group. Conclusion : The results showed significant differences with regard to the following factors: participant gender, target participants, mindfulness technique availability, session number, and session duration.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.237-241
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• 2014

The aim of this study is to develop an eco-friendly reduction process of indigo as an alternative choice. Hansenula misumaiensis was used and their reducing activity toward synthetic indigo as well as natural indigo was estimated by dyeing test in terms of indigo dye uptake. The changes in K/S value and pH were monitored on the time-based measurements. Also, reduction duration was evaluated. On the basis of the results described in this study, it was confirmed that Hansenula misumaiensis reduced indigo. Reducing power of Hansenula misumaiensis reached to maximum in two days. It can be possible to develop eco-friendly process of indigo reduction using Hansenula misumaiensis by the optimization of strain culture conditions and the optimization of reduction conditions.