• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.1706-1712
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• 2014

The OH($X^2{\Pi}$, ${\upsilon}^{\prime\prime}=0,1$) internal state distribution following the reaction of electronically excited oxygen atom ($O(^1D_2)$) with cyclo-$C_3H_6$ has been measured using laser-induced fluorescence, and compared with that following the reaction of $O(^1D_2)$ with $C_3H_8$. The overall characteristics of the OH internal energy distributions for both reactions were qualitatively similar. The population propensity of the ${\Pi}(A^{\prime})$ ${\Lambda}$-doublet sub-level suggested that both reactions proceeded via an insertion/elimination mechanism. Bimodal rotational population distributions supported the existence of two parallel mechanisms for OH production, i.e., statistical insertion and nonstatistical insertion. However, detailed analysis revealed that, despite the higher exoergicity of the reaction, the rotational distribution of the OH following the reaction of $O(^1D_2)$ with $C_3H_8$ was significantly cooler than that with cyclo-$C_3H_6$, especially in the vibrational ground state. This observation was interpreted as the effect of the flexibility of the insertion complex and faster intramolecular vibrational relaxation (IVR).

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제30권7호
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• pp.29-35
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• 2002

접는 미사일 조종날개의 공력탄성학적 특성을 조사하였다. 접는 미사일 조종날개는 2차원 익형 모델로 가정하였다. 초음속 DPM을 이용하여 초음속 비정상 공기력을 계산하였으며, 최소 상태 변수 근사법을 이용하여 비정상 공기력을 근사화하였다. 선형 및 비선형 플러터 해석을 위해 근궤적법과 시간적분법을 사용하였다. 비선형 플러터 해석을 위해 전개부의 힌지는 비대칭 이선형 스프링으로 가정하였으며, 기술함수를 이용하여 선형화하였다. 플러터 해석으로부터, 비선형 파라미터가 공력탄성학적 특성에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.429-434
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• 2009

The OH($X^2{\Pi},\;{\nu}$"=0, 1) internal state distributions from the reaction of electronically ground state oxygen atoms with HSi$Cl_3$ were measured using laser-induced fluorescence. The ground-state O$(^3P_J)$ atoms with kinetic energies above the reaction barrier were produced by photolysis of N$O_2$ at 355 nm. The OH product revealed strong vibrational population inversion, P(${\nu}$"=1)/P(${\nu}$"=0) = 4.0 ${\pm}$ 0.6, and rotational distributions in both vibrational states exhibit substantial rotational excitations to the limit of total available energy. However, no preferential populations in either of the two $\Lambda$ doublet states were observed from the micropopulations, which supports a mechanism involving a direct abstraction of hydrogen by the atomic oxygen. It was also found that the collision energy between O and HSi$Cl_3$ is effectively coupled into the excitation of the internal degrees of freedom of the OH product ($$ = 0.62, and $<\;f_{rot}>$ = 0.20). The dynamics appear consistent with expectations for the kinematically constrained reaction which supports the reaction type, heavy + light-heavy $\rightarrow$ heavy-light + heavy (H + LH′ $\rightarrow$ HL + H′). The dynamics of oxygen atom collision with HSi$Cl_3$ are discussed in comparison to those with Si$H_4$.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.28-33
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• 2005

이선형 플런지 스프링을 가지는 2차원 단면 익형 모델에 대하여 초음속 비선형 공탄성 해석을 수행하였다. 초음속 비정상 공기력 계산을 위해 DPM을 사용하였고 최소상태접근법을 사용하여 근사하였다. 비선형 플러터 해석을 위해 구조 비선형성을 비대칭 이선형 스프링으로 모델링하고 기술 함수 법을 사용하여 선형화하였다. 선형 및 비선형 플러터 해석 결과들은 공력탄성학적 특성들이 주파수 비에 중요한 영향을 받는다는 것을 보여준다. 비선형 플러터 해석으로부터 다양한 제한 주기 운동이 선형플러터 속도 이하 또는 이상에서 관측되었다. 또한 플러터 특성과 응답을 시간영역에서도 조사하였다.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.127-131
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• 2003

Zincblende 구조를 갖는 양질의 ZnTe(100) 박막을 $CaAs(100\pm2^{\circ})$ 기판에 HWE법으로 성장하였다 기판온도에 따른 표면상태와 성장률 그리고 결정성의 변화를 관측하였고, 기판온도가 $470^{\circ}C$일 때 결정성이 가장 우수하였다. 10K 광발광 측정으로부터 열적 인장스트레인에 의하여 분리된 가벼운 양공과 무거운 양공을 관측하였고 이들의 일차 들뜬상태를 관측하였다 무거운 양공의 자유 엑시톤의 이중구조는 엑시톤-폴라리톤 결합에 의한 세로방향 엑시톤과 가로방향 엑시톤 사이의 에너지 차이 때문이다.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.140-147
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• 2007

Whenever the hinge axis of aircraft wing rotates, its stiffness varies. Also, there are nonlinearities in the connection of the actuator and the hinge axis, and it is necessary to inspect the coupled effects between the actuator dynamics and the hinge nonlinearity. Nonlinear aeroelastic characteristics are investigated by using the iterative V-g method. Time domain analyses are also performed by using Karpel's minimum state approximation technique. The doublet hybrid method(DHM) is used to calculate the unsteady aerodynamic forces in subsonic regions. Structural nonlinearity located in the load links of the actuator is assumed to be friction. The friction nonlinearity of an actuator is identified by using the describing function technique. The nonlinear flutter analyses have shown that the flutter characteristics significantly depends on the structural nonlinearity as well as the dynamic stiffness of an actuator. Therefore, the dynamic stiffness of an actuator as well as the nonlinear effect of hinge axis are important factors to determine the flutter stability.

• 한국자기학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.92-95
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• 2005

희박자성반도체 물질인 ZnO 산화물 반도체에 $^{57}Fe$를 미량 치환한 $Zn_{1-x}\;^{57}Fe_xO(X=0.01, 0.02, 0.03)$ 물질을 전통적인 고상반응법에 의하여 물질을 합성하였다. 이렇게 합성된 희박자성반도체 물질의 결정학적 및 자기적 특성을 x-선 회절(XRD), 진동시료 자화 측정 (VSM), $M\ddot{o}ssbauer$분광 실험을 통하여 연구하였다. $ZnFe_2O_4$의 스피넬 페라이트에 해당하는 이차상 생성을 진공열처리를 통하여 제거하였으며, 결정구조는 격자상수 ${\alpha}_o=3.252{\AA},\;c_o=5.205{\AA}$를 갖는 단일상의 wurzite hexagonal 구조로 결정하였다. 77 K에서의 VSM 측정결과 상자성상과 강자성상이 공존하는 결과를 확인할 수 있었으며, Fe의 치환량이 증가할수록 강자성상이 증가하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 뫼스바우어 측정 결과 4.2 K에서 강자성상에 해당하는 공명흡수선이 존재하였으며, 상온에서는 상자성에 해당하는 2개의 공명흡수선만이 존재하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 결과는 VSM 결과와 잘 일치하였다.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2013년도 제44회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.398-398
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• 2013

The electronic properties and the local structure of tantalum oxide thin film with variation of oxygen flow rate ranging from 9.5 to 16 sccm (standard cubic centimeters per minute) have been investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Reflection Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy (REELS), and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). The XPS results show that the Ta4f spectrum for all films consist of the strong spin-orbit doublet $Ta4f_{7/2}$ and $Ta4f_{5/2}$ with splitting of 1.9 eV. The oxygen flow rate of the film results in the appearance of new features in the Ta4f at binding energies of 23.2 eV, 24.4 eV, 25.8, and 27.3 eV, these peaks attribute to $Ta^{1+}$, $Ta^{2+}$, $Ta^{4+}$/$Ta^{2+}$, and $Ta^{5+}$, respectively. Thus, the presence of non-stoichiometric state from tantalum oxide ($TaO_x$) thin films could be generated by the oxygen vacancies. The REELS spectra suggest the decrease of band gap for tantalum oxide thin films with increasing the oxygen flow rate. The absorption coefficient ${\mu}$ and its fine structure were extracted from the fluorescence mode of extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectra. In addition, bond distances (r), coordination numbers (N) and Debye-Waller factors (${\sigma}^2$) each film were determined by a detailed of EXAFS data analysis. EXAFS spectrapresent both the increase of coordination number of the first Ta-O shell and a considerable reduction of the Ta-O bond distance with the increase of oxygen flow rate.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.371-382
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• 2011

We performed experiments using Aplysia neurons to identify the mechanism underlying the changes in the firing patterns in response to temperature changes. When the temperature was gradually increased from $11^{\circ}C$ to $31^{\circ}C$ the firing patterns changed sequentially from the silent state to beating, doublets, beating-chaos, bursting-chaos, square-wave bursting, and bursting-oscillation patterns. When the temperature was decreased over the same temperature range, these sequential changes in the firing patterns reappeared in reverse order. To simulate this entire range of spiking patterns we modified nonlinear differential equations that Chay and Lee made using temperature-dependent scaling factors. To refine the equations, we also analyzed the spike pattern changes in the presence of potassium channel blockers. Based on the solutions of these equations and potassium channel blocker experiments, we found that, as temperature increases, the maximum value of the potassium channel relaxation time constant, ${\tau}_n(t)$ increases, but the maximum value of the probabilities of openings for activation of the potassium channels, n(t) decreases. Accordingly, the voltage-dependent potassium current is likely to play a leading role in the temperature-dependent changes in the firing patterns in Aplysia neurons.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.839-844
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• 2014

The gas-phase radical-radical reaction $O(^3P)$ + $C_2H_5$ (ethyl) ${\rightarrow}$ $H(^2S)$ + $CH_3CHO$(acetaldehyde) was investigated by applying a combination of vacuum-ultraviolet laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy in a crossed beam configuration and ab initio calculations. The two radical reactants $O(^3P)$ and $C_2H_5$ were respectively produced by photolysis of $NO_2$ and supersonic flash pyrolysis of the synthesized precursor azoethane. Doppler profile analysis of the nascent H-atom products in the Lyman-${\alpha}$ region revealed that the average translational energy of the products and the average fraction of the total available energy released as translational energy were $5.01{\pm}0.72kcalmol^{-1}$ and 6.1%, respectively. The empirical data combined with CBS-QB3 level ab initio theory and statistical calculations demonstrated that the title exchange reaction is a major channel and proceeds via an addition-elimination mechanism through the formation of a short-lived, dynamical addition complex on the doublet potential energy surface. On the basis of systematic comparison with several exchange reactions of hydrocarbon radicals, the observed small kinetic energy release can be explained in terms of the loose transition state with a product-like geometry and a small reverse activation barrier along the reaction coordinate.