• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.68 no.4
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• pp.335-342
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• 2023

To achieve self-sufficiency in domestic wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), an increase in high-quality wheat production is essential. Given Korea's limited land area, the utilization of cropping systems is imperative. Wheat is compatible with a double cropping system along with rice, soybeans, and corn. Data on alterations in wheat quality following summer crop cultivation is required. This study investigated the impact of cultivating preceding crops such as rice, soybeans, and corn in a wheat cropping system. The analysis focused on the influence of these preceding crops on wheat growth, quality, and soil characteristics, elucidating their interrelationships and impacts. While there were no differences in growth timing and quantity during wheat growth, a significant variance was observed in stem length. Protein content, a key quality attribute of wheat, displayed variations based on the intercropped crops, with the highest increase observed in wheat cultivated after soybeans. Soil moisture content also exhibited variations depending on the intercropping system. The wheat-rice intercropping system, which requires soil moisture retention, resulted in greater pore space saturation in comparison to other systems. Moreover, soil chemical properties, specifically phosphorus and calcium levels, were influenced by intercropping. The highest reduction in soil phosphorus content occurred with soybean cultivation. These findings suggest that intercropping wheat with soybeans can potentially enhance wheat quality in domestic varieties.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.85-102
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• 1979

In spite of the expansion of population as well as the improvement of living standard, the sugar consumption in Korea depends totally upon the imported sugar with no domestic production. In order to solve this current problem, the author carried out series of experiments and investigations in Daegwanryeong area best suitable for sugar beet cultivation to determine the good varieties, cultivation method, distribution of cultivation area. Thus, it is expected that the result of investigation make a small contribution to the enterprise or production.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.142-148
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• 2011

The objective of this study was to analyze proximate composition and physicochemical properties according to different kinds of rice. In total, 20 varieties of rice were used (Domestic-19, Imported-1). The moisture contents ranged from $11.11{\pm}0.20$ to $3.28{\pm}0.03%$. The crude protein and crude lipid contents were ranged from $5.04{\pm}0.03$ to $7.02{\pm}0.10%$ and $0.18{\pm}0.01$ to $0.73{\pm}0.05%$, respectively. The mineral contents were Calcium, $3.56{\pm}0.11-6.69{\pm}0.08mg/100g$; Sodium, $3.39{\pm}0.01-17.43{\pm}0.04mg/100g$; Phosphorus, $64.12{\pm}0.88-102.0{\pm}0.36mg/100g$; Zinc, $0.95{\pm}0.01-1.75{\pm}0.0mg/100g$; Iron, $0.19{\pm}0.0-0.69{\pm}0.02g/100g$; Magnesium, $9.89{\pm}0.47-23.31{\pm}0.21mg/100g$; Potassium, $47.11{\pm}3.49-82.19{\pm}1.08mg/100g$;and Manganese, $0.47{\pm}0.0-1.14{\pm}0.01mg/100g$. Eighteen kinds of rice exhibited small kernels. Amylose contents ranged from $10.3{\pm}1.27$ to $19.4{\pm}0.15%$, while starch value ranged from $70.8{\pm}2.67$ to $80.1{\pm}5.09%$. Alkali digestion value was described as 5-6 grade and gel consistency was shown to be 'soft' regardless of the rice kinds.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.555-562
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• 2020

This study analyzed the total polyphenol (TP), total flavonoid (TF), and protein content, the Absorbance at 400 nm (A400), and the antioxidant and hemolytic activities of 150 Korean honey products, including 41 chestnut (CH), 42 acacia (AH), 62 multi-floral (MH), and five Styrax japonica (TH) varieties. Our results showed that the components and antioxidant activities of honey are dependent on botanical origin rather than farming area or farmer. CH showed the highest levels of TP (88.6±29.8 mg/100 g) and TF (1.20±0.82 mg/100 g), whereas TH had the highest protein (21.5±5.1 mg/100 g). A400 was the highest in CH (0.161±0.044). All of the honey products exhibited negligible hemolytic activity against human red blood cells up to 1 mg/ml. Potent radical scavenging activities for 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6- sulfonate) (ABTS), nitrite and reducing power were also observed in CH. Correlation coefficients (CCs) between analysis parameters were calculated and the highest was identified between TP and ABTS scavenging activity (0.726). The CCs between A400 and TP and A400 and ABTS scavenging activity were 0.644 and 0.661, respectively, suggesting that A400 could be used as a quality indicator for the polyphenol content and antioxidant activity of particular honeys. Future research on polyphenol by flower origin and the identification of compounds for A400 is necessary.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• no.11
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• pp.1-14
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• 1970

The following results were obtained by surveying the productivity of mulberry fields in Korea. 1. The productivity of mulberry field per 10a in which cocoon can be yield belongs to the range of 9.8∼105kg, and among them the productivity of 20 to 60kg was chiefly distributed. And their average was 50.2kg. 2. In general, the larger the mulberry field in scale per a person is, the lower the productivity of it is, but about 6.6 ares per a person was estimated to be economic scale for high productivity. 3. As far as the texture of soil is concerned, sandy-loam and loam contained a capacity of higher productivity while others like clay and sand that of lower productivity, And the depth of surface soil must be at least 50cm, although 70cm's depth of surface sail could bring about high productivity. 4. Fertilization of 900kg's compost on planting and 1,200kg's that after planting could enhance the productivity, because the use of compost have a positive relation to the productivity. 5. The greater the number of farmer's domestic animals is as a source of organic matter the higher the productivity is. 6. In the case of fertilization of 1,200kg compost, the amount of 20kg's nitrogen per 10 ares as chemical manure was best for high productivity. However, fertilization of 14.7kg's nitrogen as average amount of that, which is far below the standard amount, had been a factor to reduce the productivity of mulberry field. 7. In pruning the low-cut form resulted in high productivity, but as their shape become taller due to the lack of techniques, they were turned out to be non head pruning, thus to produce poor harvest of leaves. 8. The pure mulberry fields showed better productivity than others such as wide and narrow ridge planting and inter-crop planting. 9. As for the degree of planting density, at least 800 trees per 10 ares should be planted to increase the productivity, although the planting of 713 trees per 10 ares could be possible in case of the low stemmed pruning. 10. The hole and tranch in planting must be digged as wider and dipper as possible far the better growth of mulberry tree. 11. On the whole, varieties like NOsang and Y oung-cheun choowoo had a tendency of lower productivity.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.7-12
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• 2009

This experiment was conducted to compare the agronomic characteristics and productivity in introduced forage pea cultivars at the experimental field. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with three replications. The forage pea used in this study were two cultivars ('Livioletta', 'Austrian Pea') and one Chinese milk vetch cultivar (Chinese domestic cultivar). Flowing of 'Livioletta' cultivar was May 16th and 'Austrian Pea' cultivar was 18th May, 20 days later than the former. The 'Livioletta' cultlvar showed stronger than winter hardiness of 'Austrian Pea' cultivar. Dry matter (DM) content of 'Liviotetta' and 'Austrian Pea' cultivars were 22.5% and 20.9% chinese milk vetch showed the lowest content with 17.7%. 'Austrian pea' cultivar showed the highest DM yield with 5,617 kg/ha but the DM yield of 'Livioletta' cultivar was low with 3,652 kg/ha. The yield of CP (crude protein) and TDN (total digestible nutrient) set high at 'Austrian Pea' cultivar. And 'Livioletta' and 'Austrian Pea' cultivars showed CP content with 15.5% and 14.4% but Chinese milk vetch with 19.3%. The acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content of 'Austrian Pea' cultivar were 23.2% and 40.3%. Therefore 'Austrian pea' cultivar seems to be suitable varieties in paddy field as winter forage crops.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.132-139
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• 2017

This study was conducted to find out the effects of over seeding using new grass varieties orchardgrass 'Kordione' and 'Onnuri', and tall fescue 'Greenmaster' on botanical composition and dry matter productivity from 2013 to 2016 in low productivity hilly pasture, middle area of Korea. There were used 3 grass seed mixture types made of different compositions and amounts {T1: control - no over seeding, T2: tall fescue (TF) 'Greenmaster' $18kg\;ha^{-1}$, orchardgrass (OG) 'Kordione' $9kg\;ha^{-1}$, Perennial ryegrass (PRG) 'Linn' $5kg\;ha^{-1}$, and Kentucky bluegrass (KBG) 'Kenblue' $2kg\;ha^{-1}$, T3: TF 'Greenmaster' $9kg\;ha^{-1}$, OG 'Kordione' $18kg\;ha^{-1}$, PRG 'Linn' $5kg\;ha^{-1}$, and KBG ' Kenblue' $2kg\;ha^{-1}$, T4: TF 'Greenmaster' $9kg\;ha^{-1}$, OG 'Onnuri' $18kg\;ha^{-1}$, PRG 'Linn' $5kg\;ha^{-1}$, and KBG 'Kenblue' $2kg\;ha^{-1}$}. In the botanical composition of grassland, T1 nearly remained constant in other seasons while ratio of weeds were increased in summer season. T2 was better than control (T1) in portion of grass ratio, which has increased by 80%. In the early time of establishment, the portions of OG were increased in T2, but TF rate was increased after 3 years later when grass was established. T3 and T4 showed a very similar patterns, grass ratio had increased by 80% and the portion of KBG had increased as time passed. T2 ($129,763kg\;ha^{-1}$) was showed the highest dry matter yield than other treatments (T1: $6,756kg\;ha^{-1}$, T3: 9641, and T4: 10,738) in 2016.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.253-259
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• 2018

This study set out to select a system to realize an optimal environment for strawberry cultivation greenhouses based on data about the growth and development of strawberry and its environment and to provide basic data for the research of its improved productivity. For these purposes, the investigator conducted a field survey with greenhouses for strawberry cultivation in western Gyeongnam. The findings show that farmers in their fifties and sixties accounted for the biggest part in the age groups of strawberry farmers. While those who were under 50 were accounted for approximately 67.5%, those who were 60 or older accounted for 32.5%. As for cultivation experiences, the majority of the farmers had ten years of cultivation experiences or less with some having 30 years of cultivation experiences or more. All the farmers built an arch type single span greenhouse. Those who used nutrient solutions were about 75.0%, being more than those who used soil. All of the farmers that used a nutrient solution adopted an elevated hydroponic system. The single span greenhouses were in the range of 7.5~8.5m, 1.3~1.8m and 2.5~3.5m for width, eaves, and ridge height, respectively, regardless of survey areas. The rafters interval was about 0.7~0.8m. In elevated hydroponic cultivation, the width, height, and interval of the beds were about 0.25m, 1.2m and 1.0m, respectively. As for the strawberry varieties, the domestic ones accounted for approximately 97.5% with Seolhyang being the most favorite one at about 65.0%. As for the internal environment factors of greenhouses, 38 farmers measured only temperature and relatively humidity. As for hydroponics, the farmers used a hydroponics control system. Except for the farmers that introduced a smart farm system for temperature and humidity control, approximately 85.0% controlled temperature and humidity only with a control panel for side windows and ventilation fans. As for heating and heat insulation, all of the farmers were using water curtains with many farmers using an oil or electric boiler, radiating lamp or non-woven fabric, as well, when necessary.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.64 no.4
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• pp.406-413
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• 2019

The purpose of this research was to analyze the effect of different sowing times on the flowering and maturing of major soybean cultivars by varying day length and temperature in the central plain region. The average of growth period and cumulative temperature in five test cultivars by sowing times were 121 days and 2,972℃ on June 1, respectively and gradually decreased to 85 days, 2,042℃, respectively on July 20. Analysis of the flowering response according to the sowing times showed that flowering was greatly influenced by the decrease of photoperiod until the sowing on July 10, and the minimum number of days for flowering were 27 days, 36 days, respectively in early and mid-rate maturing type in the central plain region. Daepung 2 is classified to the same ecotype with Daewonkong, the total number of growing days was not different between two cultivars, but ripening period (R2-R6) was longer by 5 days and yield was higher by 11% in Daepung 2. The maturity rate was also high and safe enough to maintain more than 90% through the entire sowing times. This ecological characteristic can be usefully applied as a section index for breeding environmental stress resistant and high yielding soybean varieties. The yield of 4 domestic cultivars (except TI196944) sowing on July 20 were 85~92% levels compared to sowing on June 20.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.31-38
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• 2008

This experiment was carried out to improve the anther culture efficiency of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Callus induction rates from anther cultures of the five domestic naked barley and four unhulled varieties ranged from 0 to 5.6%, and plant regeneration rate to callus was 30.4% in the donor plants grown in a greenhouse during winter, among which the green plant regeneration rates ranged from 0 to 4.4%. Plant regeneration rate was 30.4% in the donor plants grown in a greenhouse during winter, whereas 21.3% in the normal field condition in spring. In addition, callus induction rates were 19.2% in plants grown in a normal field and 7.2% in drought-stressed condition, respectively. Being Considered the anther culture efficiency affected by the sampling time, the optimum sampling stage of anthers was 3~4 days before heading when the length between the 1st and 2nd auricles reaches 5 to 10 cm and at the uninucleate of pollen which the tip of the 2nd auricle aligns with the middle of panicle in the leaf sheath. Best callus induction rates came from the anthers stored at $4^{\circ}C$ for 3 weeks in a 10 to 15 cm diameter polyethylene bag with 5 to 10 panicles and Duwonchapssalbori and Saessalbori showed the higher induction rate of 4.8% and 1.7%, respectively.