• Journal of Engineering Education Research
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.39-45
• /
• 2015

Many methods have been suggested for a creative problem solving approach. TRIZ approach is ranked top in its practical application because it is originated from the real patent analysis. This approach is assumed to be generic which can be applied to any types of problems regardless of problem type and its domain. The objective of this study is to propose a creative problem solving approach using TRIZ's contradiction analysis, then introduce a case study of applying this approach to a creative design coursework. Main topic covers a creative problem solving approach, a problem definition using TRIZ contradiction analysis, finding invention principles, and problem solving from the generic approach. For the course project, Roborobo tool is adopted to implement the design concept. This coursework helps students finding a general problem solving approach, and applying a generic solution for their specific problem domain.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
• /
• v.23 no.6
• /
• pp.919-945
• /
• 2013

Exploring the conceptions of giftedness in arts is very important as the essential prerequisite to identification of giftedness and organizing the curriculum for the gifted in arts. So I have explored the conceptions of giftedness in western music, korean traditional arts(music, theatricals, dance) and ballet based on the results of various studies and cases. The three fields of performing arts mentioned above are operating in the present fields on gifted education in Korea. As the result of this study, I have converged three or four factors on main psychological constructs of giftedness in arts. The giftedness in western and korean traditional music is composed of three sub-factors: high ability in relevant domain, high creativity in general and specific areas, and high motivation including task commitment. However, the giftedness in traditional theatricals, dance, and ballet consists four sub-factors: the physical condition, high ability in relevant domain, high creativity in a specific area, and high motivation including task commitment. The internal characteristics of the gifted in arts mentioned above can be maximized through supporting external conditions like social environments including family and school, and crucial opportunity to meet the teacher who affects the development of giftedness.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.23-52
• /
• 2008

The purpose of this study was to examine the Structural Equation Model (SEM) of scientific problem finding ability based on science related attitude, motivation and self-regulation learning strategy of the gifted in science. A total of 153 scientifically gifted students were selected from a university-based Sifted education center The instruments used for the study were Test of Science-Related Attitudes, Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ), and Science Problem Finding Test. In order to examine Structural Equation Model (SEM) of scientific problem finding ability, we assumed scientific problem finding model related to science inquiry, model I (domain specific), and scientific problem finding model related to creativity, model II (domain general) The results of this research are as follows. First, the correlations between science related attitudes and MSLQ were significant; motivation and self-regulated learning strategy as sub factors were positively correlated to science related attitudes. Only scientific attitude as a sub factor of science related attitudes was significantly correlated to elaboration of creativity category in scientific problem finding ability. In other hand, self-regulated learning strategy was significantly correlated to elaboration, inquiry motivation and inquiry level in scientific problem finding ability. Second, as the results of SEM analysis, we confirmed model I and model II were the best adequate through the indices of best fit (TLI, CFI>.90, RMSEA<.08); scientific problem finding ability was directly influenced motivation and self-regulated learning strategy but science related attitudes indirectly influenced scientific problem finding ability through motivation and self-regulated learning strategy. Based on the results, the implications for science gifted education were discussed.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
• /
• v.23 no.5
• /
• pp.771-791
• /
• 2013

What are the identification criteria elementary school teachers prefer? What are the characteristics of students that teachers consider when nominating them to gifted programs? Will those criteria of identification/nomination differ as to teacher experiences related to gifted education or teacher involvement in the professional development? This study aims to find the answer to these questions. For this purpose, a total of 511 elementary school teachers with a varying degree of experiences with gifted education were recruited from 23 schools in 11 school districts in Seoul. The results show that teachers generally preferred task commitment, creativity, curiosity, and domain specific talents as criteria for identifying gifted students, while perceiving achievement records, total grades, leadership, and general intelligence as less important. Teachers experienced in gifted education or having been involved in professional development perceived curiosity, task commitment, and creativity as more important than teachers without such experiences. The importance-performance analysis of identification criteria indicates that teachers reported high importance on task commitment, curiosity, and creativity, but those factors were less considered in actual nomination. On the contrary, teachers reported low importance on quick learning and achievement(total grades, subject grades), but those were highly considered in nomination. A similar pattern was found in both experienced and nonexperienced teachers although the importance-performance gap was higher for the latter. Implications for teacher nominations and professional development were discussed.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.371-400
• /
• 2008

The purposes of this study were to develop and validate Korean MHBT for identification of giftedness. MHBT in this study consists of KFT-HB and MHBT-5. MHBT-S was composed of 1) space presentation and thinking ability, space perception,. physics/technic tasks 2) affective domain; creativity, achievement motivation, desire of knowledge, social competence questionnaire 3) performance attitude questionnaire 4) interest questionnaire. The subject were 489 middle school students (1 or 2grade) in the education centers for gifted youth and general classes. Except a few subscales, internal consistent reliability was considered good. Korean MHBT discriminated well gifted students from general students in KFT-HB and some subtests of MHBT-5. As results, Korean MHBT in this study was expected to be a reliable and valid instrument for identification of korean gifted students.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.159-219
• /
• 2016

Mathematical ability is important for academic achievement and technological renovations in the STEM disciplines. This study concentrated on the relationship between neural basis of mathematical cognition and its mechanisms. These cognitive functions include domain specific abilities such as numerical skills and visuospatial abilities, as well as domain general abilities which include language, long term memory, and working memory capacity. Individuals can perform higher cognitive functions such as abstract thinking and reasoning based on these basic cognitive functions. The next topic covered in this study is about individual differences in mathematical abilities. Neural efficiency theory was incorporated in this study to view mathematical talent. According to the theory, a person with mathematical talent uses his or her brain more efficiently than the effortful endeavour of the average human being. Mathematically gifted students show different brain activities when compared to average students. Interhemispheric and intrahemispheric connectivities are enhanced in those students, particularly in the right brain along fronto-parietal longitudinal fasciculus. The third topic deals with growth and development in mathematical capacity. As individuals mature, practice mathematical skills, and gain knowledge, such changes are reflected in cortical activation, which include changes in the activation level, redistribution, and reorganization in the supporting cortex. Among these, reorganization can be related to neural plasticity. Neural plasticity was observed in professional mathematicians and children with mathematical learning disabilities. Last topic is about mathematical creativity viewed from Neural Darwinism. When the brain is faced with a novel problem, it needs to collect all of the necessary concepts(knowledge) from long term memory, make multitudes of connections, and test which ones have the highest probability in helping solve the unusual problem. Having followed the above brain modifying steps, once the brain finally finds the correct response to the novel problem, the final response comes as a form of inspiration. For a novice, the first step of acquisition of knowledge structure is the most important. However, as expertise increases, the latter two stages of making connections and selection become more important.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.149-160
• /
• 1998

The purpose of this study was to analyze the 6th national secondary science curriculum and classroom practices to collect the basic data for developing secondary science program focusing on creative problem-solving ability. The creative problem-solving ability was conceptualized as an active process of producing new solutions to problems and consisted of five components: general knowledge, domain-specific knowledge, motivation, divergent thinking and critical thinking. The research questions were generated as follows: (1) Whether creative problem-solving elements-domain specific knowledge(declarative knowledge and inquiry methods) were included or not in the 6th secondary science curriculum, textbooks and teacher's guide? If so, how are they represented? (2) Whether the teachers tried to enhance divergent and critical thinking of their students. Through content analyses, observations and interviews, these research questions were answered as follows: (1) Inquiry methods, which are important to develop creative problem-solving abilities in science, were underestimated in comparison with declarative knowledge. In other words. inquiry methods were regarded only as tools to understand the scientific concepts and principles. (2) It was hard to find the situations which teachers provided opportunities for divergent and critical thinking to their students. Based on these results, the followings were recommended: (1) Inquiry methods should be regarded as a goal not as a tool and be used to acquire inquiry methods themselves. (2) Teachers should not stick to the prescribed inquiry methods prescribed in the textbook, but to give opportunities for thinking various kinds of inquiry methods to improve divergent and critical thinking.

• Journal of Science Education
• /
• v.43 no.2
• /
• pp.207-226
• /
• 2019

The purpose of this study is to investigate how fusion science program for undergraduate general education influences the understanding of Nature of Science (NOS) and STEAM Literacy of students majoring in science and engineering in college. The students participated in the pre/post NOS survey(Lee, 2013) and the STEAM literacy survey(Choi et al., 2013) in the program. The results of this study are as follows. First, the fusion program was effective in understanding the NOS because there is a statistically significant difference between the pre/post tests.(p < 0.01). Second, while there were no significant differences between genders, however, there is a significant difference in students' majors in NOS understanding(p < 0.05). Third, it showed that improvement in STEAM Literacy in Convergence and Creativity domains is significant(p < 0.01). By contrast, the Caring domain of STEAM Literacy was decreased statically significant(p < 0.01). In the end, there is no difference in STEAM Literacy between genders as well as among students' major(p < 0.05).

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
• /
• v.11
• /
• pp.69-99
• /
• 1984

A dramatic development in the new technology of copying materials has presented us with massive problems on reconciling the conflicts between copyright owners and potential users of copyrighted materials. The adaptation to this changing condition led some countries to revise their copyright laws such as in the U. S. in 1976 and in Korea in 1984 for merging with the international or universal copyright conventions in the future. Copyright defined as exclusive rights given to copyright owners aims to secure a fair return for an author's creative labor and to stimulate artistic creativity for the general public good. The exclusive rights on copyrightable matters, generally for reproduction, preparation of derivative works, public distribution, public performance, and public display, are limited by fair use for scholarship and criticism and by library reproduction for its preservation and interlibrary loan. These limitations on the exclusive rights are concerned with all aspects of library services and cause a great burden on librarian's daily duty to provide balance between the rights of creators and the needs of library patrons. The fair use as one of the limitations on it has been coupled with enormous growth of a new technology and extended from xerography to online database systems. The implementation of the fair use and library reprography in Korean law to the local practices is examined on the basis of the new American copyright act of 1976. Under the draft revision of Korean law, librarians will face many potential problems as summarized below. 1. Because the new provision of 'life time plus 50 years' will tie up substantial bodies of material longer than the old law, until that date librarians would need permissions from the owners and should pay attention to the author's death date. 2. Because the copyright can be sold, distributed, given to the heirs, donated, as a whole or a part, librarians should chase down the heirs and other second owners. In case of a derivative work, this is a real problem. 3. Since a work has its protection from the moment of its creation, the coverage of copyrightable matter would be extended to the published or the unpublished works and librarian's work load would be heavier. Without copyright registration, no one can be certain that a work is in the public domain. Therefore, librarians will need to check with an authority. 4. For implementation of limitations on exclusive rights, fair use and library reproduction for interlibrary loan, there can be no substantial aggregate use and there can be no systematic distribution of multicopies. Therefore, librarians should not substitute reproductions for subscriptions or purchases. 5. For the interlibrary loan by photocopying, librarians should understand the procedure of royalty payment. 6. Compulsory licenses should be understood by librarians. 7. Because the draft revision of Korean law is a reciprocal treaty, librarians should take care of other countries' copyright law to protect foreign authors from Korean law. In order to solve the above problems, some suggestions are presented below. 1. That copyright clearinghouse or central agency as a centralized royalty payment mechanism be established. 2. That the Korean Library Association establish a committee on copyright. 3. That the Korean Library Association propose guidelines for each occasion, e.g. for interlibrary loan, books and periodicals and music, etc. 4. That the Korean government establish a copyright office or an official organization for copyright control other than the copyright committee already organized by the government. 5. That the Korean Library Association establish educational programs on copyright for librarians through seminars or articles written in its magazines. 6. That individual libraries provide librarian's copyright kits. 7. That school libraries distribute subject bibliographies on copyright law to teachers. However, librarians should keep in mind that limitations on exclusive rights are not for an exemption from library reprography but as a convenient access to library resources.