• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.464-470
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• 2016

In this paper, we propose an improved face detection algorithm and determination method for drowsiness status of driver from the opening and closing frequency of the detected eye. For this purpose, face, eyes, nose, and mouth are detected based on conventional Viola-Jones face detection algorithm and spatial correlation of face. Here the spatial correlation of face is performed by DFP(Detect Face Part) based on seven characteristics. The experimental results on Caltect face image database revealed that the detection rates of noise particularly showed the improved performance of 13.78% in comparison to that of the previous Viola-Jones algorithm. Furthermore, we analyze the driver's drowsiness determination cumulative value of the eye closed state as a function of time based on SVM (Support Vector Machine) and PERCLOS(Percentage Closure of Eyes). The experimental results confirmed the usefulness of the proposed method by obtaining a driver's drowsiness determination rate of 93.28%.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.147-153
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• 2015

Since the DoS(Denial of Service) attack is still an important vulnerable element in many web service sites, sites including public institution should try their best in constructing defensive systems. Recently, DDoS(Distributed Denial of Service) has been raised by prompting mass network traffic that uses NTP's monlist function or DoS attack has been made related to the DNS infrastructure which is impossible for direct defense. For instance, in June 2013, there has been an outbreak of an infringement accident where Computing and Information Agency was the target. There was a DNS application DoS attack which made the public institution's Information System impossible to run its normal services. Like this, since there is a high possibility in having an extensive damage due to the characteristics of DDoS in attacking unspecific information service and not being limited to a particular information system, efforts have to be made in order to minimize cyber threats. This thesis proposes a method for using TTL (Time To Live) value in IP header to detect DDoS attack with IP spoofing, which occurs when data is transmitted under the agreed regulation between the international and domestic information system.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.479-485
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• 2021

Background: Vibrio vulnificus has been frequently detected in seawater, fish, and shellfish mainly in the coastal areas of Chungcheongnam-do Province. Objectives: This study was conducted to investigate the analyzed biochemical properties, genetic characteristics, and distribution of Vibrio vulnificus isolated from environmental sources in coastal areas of Chungcheongnam-do Province from 2019 to 2020. Methods: A total of 1,510 samples were obtained from six different sites in Chungcheongnam-do Province. Isolated strains from the samples were identified by a VITEK 2 system and MALDI-TOF. Antibiotic susceptibility testing for 85 isolates was done by microdilution minimum inhibitory concentration methods, and 11 isolates were analyzed for 16s rRNA sequences in multiple alignments. Results: Among the 1,510 samples taken during the investigation period, 306 strains were isolated and the detection rate of V. vulnificus was 20.3%. One hundred eighty-eight strains (24.6%) from seawater and 118 strains (15.8%) from mud flats were isolated. It was mainly detected in July (17.3%), August (36.5%), and September (28.8%), and the proportion was 82.0%. Based on the CLSI-recommended breakpoints, V. vulnificus isolates were all susceptible to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, amikacin, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. However, nonsusceptible isolates to ampicillin, ampicillin/sulbactam, cefazolin, cefoxitin, imipenem, tetracycline and chloramphenicol were identified. In the analysis of the nucleotide sequences for 16s rRNA of V. vulnificus isolates, it was confirmed that mutations frequently occurred between nucleotide number 922 and 952, and 98.2% to 100% nucleotide identities between isolates was verified. Conclusions: The results of this study can be used as a basic data for infection control and prevention of Vibrio vulnificus infection by describing the distribution and characteristics of Vibrio vulnificus strains isolated in coastal areas of Chungcheongnam-do Province.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.19 no.7
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• pp.726-735
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• 2009

In this paper, we propose an approach to signal model-based fault detection and diagnosis system for induction motors. The current fault detection techniques used in the industry are limit checking techniques, which are simple but cannot predict the types of faults and the initiation of the faults. The system consists of two consecutive processes: fault detection process and fault diagnosis process. In the fault detection process, the system extracts the significant features from sound signals using combination of variance, cross-correlation and wavelet. Consequently, the pattern classification technique is applied to the fault diagnosis process to recognize the system faults based on faulty symptoms. The sounds generated from different kinds of typical motor's faults such as motor unbalance, bearing misalignment and bearing loose are examined. We propose two approaches for fault detection and diagnosis system that are waveletand-variance-based and wavelet-and-crosscorrelation-based approaches. The results of our experiment show more than 95 and 78 percent accuracy for fault classification, respectively.

• Proceedings of the Korea Multimedia Society Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.128-131
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• 2003

최근 인터넷을 대상으로 한 네트워크 공격의 공격 경향은 분산 환경에서 다수 공격자의 대규모 분산 서비스 거부 공격(DoS)의 출현 및 해외 해커들의 국내 전산망을 우회 루트로 활용한 사례의 증가 등 고도화된 불법 행위가 점차 벙죄의 강력한 수단으로 이용되는 추세에 있다. 본 논문은 기존 네트워크 노드기반의 침입탐지시스템에서 효율성과 사용자 편의성을 보완하기 위하여 자기 복제가 가능한 이동 에이전트를 적용하여 호스트 간 자율적인 이동을 통해 관리자에게 네트워크 모니터링을 제공하고 침입을 탐지하는 침입탐지시스템을 제안하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.99-109
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• 2006

Approximate fibrations form a useful class of maps. By definition fibrators provide instant detection of maps in this class, and PL fibrators do the same in the PL category. We show that every closed s-hopfian t-aspherical manifold N with sparsely Abelian, hopfian fundamental group and X(N) $\neq$ 0 is a codimension-(t + 1) PL fibrator.

• Korea Information Processing Society Review
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.58-63
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• 2003

본 고에서는 1.25 인터넷 대란과 같은 버퍼오버플로우를 이용해 침투하는 인터넷 웜 및 DOS (Denial of Service) 공격을 Secure OS(보안운영체제), IDS(Intrusion Detection System : 침입탐지시스템), Scanner(취약성진단도구), Firewall(침입차단시스템)의 지능형 상호연동 스킴을 이용해, 근본적인 대응이 가능한 지능형 다단계 정보보호체계를 제시하였다. 본 고에서 제시한 정보보호대응책은 고도로 지능화하고 있는 인터넷 웜 및 DoS(Denial of Service 서비스거부) 공격을 미연에 예방하고, 실시간으로 대응할 수 있는 시스템이 될 것이다.

• Honam Mathematical Journal
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.327-339
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• 2007

Approximate fibrations form a useful class of maps. By definition fibrators provide instant detection of maps in this class, and PL fibrators do the same in the PL category. We show that every closed s-hopfian t-aspherical manifold N with some algebraic conditions and X(N) $\neq$ 0 is a codimension-(2t + 2) PL fibrator.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2003.11c
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• pp.1985-1988
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• 2003

As the Distributed Denial of Service attack technique is getting smarter, defense method have been developed by various means. Existing defense method baseds on detection technique is not effective to DDoS attack. Because it depend on rule set that is used to detect attack and DDoS attack pattern has become very similar to real traffic pattern. So the rule set is not efficient method to find DDoS attack. To solve this problem, DDoS defense mechanism based on QoS technique has been suggested. In this paper, we summarize existing DDoS defense mechanism and focus on method based on QoS, and introduce a new DDoS defense framework.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.819-828
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• 2011

To inspect norovirus contamination of groundwater in south eastern areas of Korea, a systematic survey of groundwater in Busan, Ulsan, and Gyeongsangnam-do was performed for two years from 2009 to 2010. For this purpose, we first optimized the nested reverse transcription-PCR condition by designing two sets of primers for the detection of norovirus genogroups, GI and GII. Of 145 samples, 21 (25.9%) and 15 (23.4%) were norovirus positive in the dry season (April to June) and wet season (July to August), respectively. The detection frequencies of norovirus in Busan, Ulsan, and Gyeongsangnam-do were 15%, 7%, and 32%, respectively, reflecting a geographical difference in their distribution. The GI and GII isolates were 5 and 31, respectively, indicating the prevalence of GII in the tested areas. According to phylogenetic analysis of their nucleotide sequences, all of the GI isolates were identified to genotype GI.5 whilst the GII isolates were divided into two genotypes, GII.3 and GII.4. Neither physical-chemical parameters such as pH, temperature, oxidation-reduction potential, and dissolved oxygen, nor microbial indicators of water quality such as total bacteria, total coliforms, and Escherichia coli were statistically correlated with contamination of norovirus in the groundwater. Interestingly, however, the presence of norovirus was closely correlated with low turbidity (<0.50 NTU). The present study suggests that periodical monitoring of norovirus in groundwater is necessary to prevent epidemic waterborne diseases and to secure better sanitary conditions for public health.