• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.63-69
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• 2017

The extraction of attention NPC in a FPS game has emerged as a very significant issue. We propose an efficient FPS game operation method, using the attention NPC extraction with a simple arithmetic. First, we define the NPC, using the color histogram interaction and texture similarity in the block to determine the attention NPC. Next, we use the histogram of movement distribution and frequency of movement of the NPC. Becasue, except for the block boundary according to the texture and to extract only the boundaries of the object block. The edge strength is defined to have high values at the NPC object boundaries, while it is designed to have relatively low values at the NPC texture boundaries or in interior of a region. The region merging method also adopts the color histogram intersection technique in order to use color distribution in each region. Through the experiment, we confirmed that NPC has played a crucial role in the FPS game and as a result it draws more speed and strategic actions in the game.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.11 no.7
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• pp.7-17
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify factors that enhance the effectiveness of bulk text message advertising on consumer attention in the telecommunications industry in Zimbabwe. Research design, data and methodology: The study collected data using structured questionnaires. The study attracted 293 responses from consumer subscribers of the Zimbabwean telecommunications industry. Data was analysed using SPSS and measures of association, direction, strength and significance were used. Results: The study found out that the examined variables of bulk text messaging (Simplicity, Frequency and Informativeness) had a positive significant impact on consumers' attention (β= 0.645; p-value < 0.05). The study examined four bulk text advertising determinants, namely frequency, simplicity, informativeness and credibility. Only credibility was found to be statistically insignificant (p-value > 0.05), whilst frequency had an inverse effect on consumer attention. Simplicity of bulk text advertisements recorded a high positive and significant impact whilst informativeness was also positively, and significantly affecting consumer attention. Conclusions: The study concluded that for bulk text advertising to be effective, text messages should be informative, easy to understand and dispatched less frequently. It was further concluded that bulk text advertising should follow permission marketing where consumers consent before hand to be recipients of commercials.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.26-31
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• 1999

"Attention" is not defined sufficiently. This term incorporates several dimensions or complex information processes such as alertness, spatial distribution, focused attention, sustained attention, divided attention and supervisory attentional control. In practice, however, various aspects of attention cannot be assessed separately with a single test. Moreover, a particular test is never assessing attention only, because the several intervening variables may influence the attentional component. Therefore, one can only assess a certain aspect of human behavior with special interest for its attentional component. This paper attempted to clarify various concepts of attention, reviewed signal detection theories with receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curves, and listed practical methods for assessment of attention.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.39-50
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• 2019

Purpose - The purpose of our study is to provide an understanding of the relationships among consumer attention to social comparison information (ATSCI), consumer ethnocentrism (CET), national identity (NI), and consumer purchase intention to domestic brands (PIDB). Drawing on the social comparison theory (SCT) and social identity theory (SIT), we developed a model that is empirically testable and explains consumer behavior of domestic brands and products. Research design, data, and methodology - The conceptual framework was tested with primary data collected through a survey in China. Structural equation modeling was employed to test hypotheses. Results - The results from empirical analyses indicated that the ATSCI positively influenced CET and NI, and CET and NI affect consumer PIDB. In addition, the mediating effects of CET and NI on the relationship between ATSCI and PIDB were identified. Nonetheless, little direct impact of ATSCI on PIDB was reported. Conclusions - We suggested that international marketers use given information to attract consumer attention and develop appropriate promotions, especially for Chinese young generations that would pay much attention to social comparison information in their purchase decisions. Our study originally connected one socio-psychological antecedent, ATSCI, with CET and NI and estimated the relationships among the three antecedents and their effects on PIDB in order to predict consumer behavior in China.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.31-39
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• 2024

Purpose: Through an ethical supply chain, brands not only catch the eye but win over a fan base of consumers who prize credibility and consistency in what they purchase. Currently, the ethical supply chain is no longer just a manufacturing process; it has become a compelling story. It draws people's attention and wins their loyalty. This research study will examine the benefits of an ethical supply chain in attracting consumer attention and building brand loyalty. Research design, data and methodology: For this research study, A detailed method was used to search and analyze relevant articles. Initial searches used set terms in certain databases. Screening criteria were the thorough scrutiny of titles and abstracts to decide their relevance to the study at hand. Thus, to enhance the quality of data, duplicate entries were deleted. Results: Based on the analysis of the prior literature, the results highlight the power of ethical saliency, showing that consumers themselves are looking for and rewarding products that meet their ethical standards. This attention to ethically transparent brands, in turn, encourages more interest and interaction with them. Conclusions: Therefore, practitioners must transmit the firm's ethical standards through all channels of communication-investor relations materials and financial reports alike.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.69-76
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• 2019

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of basic value satisfaction on service quality evaluation and customer loyalty and the moderating effect of Bargain-proneness in this process. Specifically, I analyzed the influence of basic value satisfaction, the mediating effect of service quality evaluation, and the moderated mediation effect of Bargain-proneness. Research design, data, and methodology - Data collection for this study was conducted for adults over 18 years of age with shopping experiences in traditional market within a month around the traditional market in the metropolitan area. A total of 250 questionnaire response data was obtained. Hypotheses were tested using SPSS. The PROCESS macro method was used to verify the mediating effect of the service quality evaluation on the relationship between basic value satisfaction and customer loyalty. Hierarchical regression analysis was performed to analyze the moderated mediation effect of the bargain-proneness tendency. Results - Empirical results showed that the basic value satisfaction affected service quality evaluation and customer loyalty. Specifically, it has been found that it directly affects customer loyalty and indirectly influences through service quality evaluation. The moderated mediation effect of the bargain-proneness tendency in the process of basic value satisfaction affecting customer loyalty through service quality evaluation has been verified. In other words, the higher the bargain-proneness tendency, the more influence the basic value satisfaction has on the favorable service quality evaluation. Conclusions - This study contributed to the distribution literature in that it attempted a new empirical study considering the variable 'bargain-proneness tendency', which had not received much academic attention in the past. Furthermore, this study contributed academically in that it presented important moderating variables that should be paid attention in the field of distribution studies. In this study, bargain-proneness was used with a focus on traditional markets, but this variable could play an significant role in future offline distribution studies that should pay attention to meet hedonic needs of shopping. These results suggested that traditional market practitioners should focus on the basic value and that the bargain-prone consumer segment should be considered as a target.

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.311-329
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• 2005

Skewed t distributions have attracted significant attention in the last few years. In this paper, a generalization - referred to as the skewed generalized t distribution - with the pdf f(x) = 2g(x)G(${\lambda}x$) is introduced, where g(${\cdot}$) and G (${\cdot}$) are taken, respectively, to be the pdf and the cdf of the generalized t distribution due to McDonald and Newey (1984, 1988). Several particular cases of this distribution are identified and various representations for its moments derived. An application is provided to rainfall data from Orlando, Florida.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.10 no.8
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• pp.3791-3805
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• 2016

The visual attention mechanism includes 2 attention models, the bottom-up (B-U) and the top-down (T-D), the physiology of which have not yet been accurately described. In this paper, the visual attention mechanism is regarded as a Bayesian fusion process, and a visual attention model based on particle filter is proposed. Under certain particular assumed conditions, a calculation formula of Bayesian posterior probability is deduced. The visual attention fusion process based on the particle filter is realized through importance sampling, particle weight updating, and resampling, and visual attention is finally determined by the particle distribution state. The test results of multigroup images show that the calculation result of this model has better subjective and objective effects than that of other models.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.835-842
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• 2012

Many researchers have studied the characterizations of probability distributions based on record values. It appears from literature that not much attention has been paid to the characterizations of the Pareto distribution. In this note, some new results on the characterizations of the Pareto distribution by upper record values have been established.

• 전기의세계
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.24-32
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• 1973

When applying capacitors to distribution line, an effort must be made to determine the economic benefits resulting from the installation of a capacitor. There have been many papers and articles published on the economics of capacitors. Most of these are special cases, or have so many qualifications that they are not much use for other cases unless very careful attention is given to minute details. A general economic analysis on a distribution line is very complicated problem. Consequently, a diagram solution is illustrated for determining the economic condenser and applying resonably well for the distribution line with any load division.