• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.17
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• pp.7413-7417
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• 2014

Background: Development of gastric cancer (GC) is a multistep process that requires alterations in the expression of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, occurring over several decades. The p53 tumor suppressor protein is involved in cell-cycle control, apoptosis and DNA repair. One of the most important regulators of p53 is MDM2, which acts as a negative regulator in the p53 pathway. Based on the key role of p53 and MDM2 in tumor suppression, polymorphisms that cause change in their function might affect cancer risk. We therefore elevated associations of the polymorphisms of p53 (R72P) and MDM2 (SNP309) with GC in Iran. Materials and Methods: A total of 104 patients with gastric cancer and 100 controls were recruited. Genomic DNA was extracted from fresh gastric samples. Genotyping of the p53 and MDM2 genes was performed using allele specific PCR (AS-PCR). Results: There was no significant difference between the p53 codon 72 polymorphism distribution in control and patient groups (p=0.54), but the G allele of MDM2 was found to be over-represented in patients (p=0. 01, Odds Ratio=2. 08, 95% Confidence Interval= 1.37-4.34). Conclusions: The p53 R72P seems not to be a potential risk factor for development of GC among Iranian patients, but our data suggest that MDM2 SNP309 might modify the risk related to GC.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.6411-6413
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• 2013

Adenocarcinoma of esophagus (AE) is a complex disease, affected by a variety of genetic and environmental factors. Much evidence has shown that the MutY glycosylase homologue (MUTYH) plays a key role in the pathogenesis of many cancers. However, there have been no reports on influence on AE in the Han Chinese population. The objective of this study was to investigate this issue. A gene-based association study was conducted using three single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) reported in previous studies. The three SNPs (rs3219463, rs3219472, rs3219489) were genotyped in 207 unrelated AE patients and 249 healthy controls in a case-control study using polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). The results revealed that the genotype distribution of rs3219472 differed between the case and control groups (OR=1.66,95%CI=1.11-2.48, P=0.012), indicating that an association may exist between MUTYH and AE. These findings support a signifcant role for MUTYH in AE pathogenesis in the Han Chinese population.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.294-298
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• 2009

Distribution of isoflavones and fatty acids in soymilk fermented with 7 Lactobacilli (L-type), 7 Bifidobacteria (B-type), or 5 Streptococci (S-type) were monitored. Total isoflavones in fermented soymilk ranged from 5.24 to $8.59{\mu}mol/g$ dry basis while those in unfermented soymilk were $8.06{\mu}mol/g$ dry basis. Depending on the types of inoculated microorganisms, fermented soymilk showed different profiles in isoflavones, especially aglycones and $\beta$-glucosides. Four L-type fermented soymilk had significantly higher aglycone content (33.69-46.21%) and low $\beta$-glucosides compared to control (p<0.05). All B-type fermented soymilk showed significantly high aglycone levels (p<0.05). Out of 5 Streptococci, 4 strains produced over 82.2% aglycones. Lipid content ranged from 162 to 224 mg/g and linoleic acid was the highest, followed by oleic, linolenic, palmitic, and stearic acids. Average ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids in control, L-, B-, and S-type fermented soymilks was 6.30, 6.09, 6.30, and 5.94, respectively. This study can help to develop a fermented soymilk containing high isoflavone aglycones and low fat content.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.29-31
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• 2003

It is well known that different expression of Apo-1/Fas (CD95) plays important roles in various tumors and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) pathogenesis. Apo-1/Fas mediated apoptosis is one of the important pathways of apoptosis and is known to mediate apoptotic cell death by fas ligand (FasL). To examine the possible relationship between Apo-1/Fas gene polymorphism and HCC susceptibility, MvaI restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of Apo-1/Fas gene was examined in 94 Korean HCC patients and 240 control subjects. No statistically significant difference in the genotypic distribution and allelic frequencies was found between the control and the HCC. It is, therefore, concluded that Apo-1/Fas gene polymorphism is not associated with HCC susceptibility. Further studies are needed in order to clarify the relationships between genotypes of Apo-1/Fas gene and HCC pathogenesis.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.9-16
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• 2017

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the spine and the flat-foot, the stability and the alignment of the posture of the neck to prevent the alignment of the ankle joint operation and the lower back flexibility of the lumbar region according to the type of treatment using active stretching of the triceps, back pain, and to see how they affect weight bearing differences. Methods: The subjects of this study were 24 chronic low back pain patients. They were randomly divided into experimental group and control group. In the experimental group, ankle joint mobilization and active scraping of triceps were performed three times a week for a total of 6 weeks. The control group was performed in the same way without articulation. The range of flexion and extension motion of the lumbar spine and pain degree and difference of weight-bearing were measured before and after the experiment. Results: The model of ankle joint mobilization and calf muscle elongation of flat foot significantly improved the range of flexion and extension motion of the vertebrae (p<.05) and the VAS and distribution of weight-bearing were decreased in both of two groups (p<.05). In other words, the exercise and mobilization help to recover of the balance of the whole musculoskeletal, the vertebrae. Conclusions: The active exercise of the triceps muscle of the lower leg in this study It affects the flexibility of the lumbar spine, the pain and the difference in the weight support of the lower extremities, when we performed ankle joint mobilization for exercise and cramping, pain and the difference in weight support between the two lower limbs.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.373-390
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• 2020

Hybrid simulation (HS) is a versatile tool for structural performance evaluation under dynamic loads. Although real structural responses are often multiple-directional owing to an eccentric mass/stiffness of the structure and/or excitations not along structural major axes, few HS in this field takes into account structural responses in multiple directions. Multi-directional loading is more challenging than uni-directional loading as there is a nonlinear transformation between actuator and specimen coordinate systems, increasing the difficulty of suppressing loading error. Moreover, redundant actuators may exist in multi-directional hybrid simulations of large-scale structures, which requires the loading strategy to contain ineffective loading of multiple actuators. To address these issues, lately a new strategy was conceived for accurate reproduction of desired displacements in bi-directional hybrid simulations (BHS), which is characterized in two features, i.e., iterative displacement command updating based on the Jacobian matrix considering nonlinear geometric relationships, and force-based control for compensating ineffective forces of redundant actuators. This paper performs performance validation and application of this new mixed loading strategy. In particular, virtual BHS considering linear and nonlinear specimen models, and the diversity of actuator properties were carried out. A validation test was implemented with a steel frame specimen. A real application of this strategy to BHS on a full-scale 2-story frame specimen was performed. Studies showed that this strategy exhibited excellent tracking performance for the measured displacements of the control point and remarkable compensation for ineffective forces of the redundant actuator. This strategy was demonstrated to be capable of accurately and effectively reproducing the desired displacements in large-scale BHS.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.294-300
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to analyse the effects of yoga exercise on balance ability and gait velocity in stroke patients. Subjects were categorized in to a control group and yoga program group with 9 for each group. Yoga program was conducted for 60minute for 8weeks, three times a week. For the purposes, the study measured Stability Index(SI, postural sway) and Weight Distribution Index(WDI) using Tetrax, Functional Reach Test(FRT), Dynamic Gait index(DGI) and 10 meter walking test. At pre- and post-exercise after appling the yoga exercise, the data was analyzed. Yoga exercise group's SI and WDI were decreased, FRT and DGI were increased in comparison with control group. But 10 meter walking test was no significance. It suggests that the yoga exercise could promote recovery from balance disorder after stroke.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.271-277
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• 2019

CareDose 4D which is the Siemens's Automatic Exposure Control (AEC) can adjust the level of radiation dose distribution which is based on organ characteristic unlike other manufacturer's AEC. Currently, a wide scan range containing different organs is sometimes examined at once (defined as one scan). The purpose of this study was to figure out which organ characteristic option is suitable when one scan method is utilized. Two types of anthropomorphic phantoms were scanned in the same range which were from frontal bone to carina level according to three different organ characteristics such as Thorax, Abdomen, and Neck. All scans and image reconstruction parameters were equally applied and radiation dose were compared. Radiation dose with Thorax organ characteristic was lower than that with Neck. Also, that with Abdomen oran characteristic was lower than Thorax. There were significant differences in radiation dose according to different organ characteristics at the same parameters (P<0.05). Usage of Neck organ characteristic had a result of the highest radiation dose to all phantom. On the other hand, utilization of Abdomen organ characteristic showed the lowest radiation dose. As a result, it is desirable to set appropriate organ characteristic according to examined body part when you checkup patients. Also, when you implement one scan method, selection of Abdomen-based organ characteristic has reduced more radiation dose compared with two different organ characteristic.

• Wind and Structures
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.201-213
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• 2023

In this study, the effect of sea surface temperature (SST) on the distribution of vertical wind speed in the atmospheric boundary layer of coastal areas was analyzed. In general, coastal areas are known to be more susceptible to various meteorological factors than inland areas due to interannual changes in sea surface temperature. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between sea surface temperature (ERA5) and wind resource data based on the meteorological mast of Høvsøre, the test bed area of the onshore wind farm in the coastal area of Denmark. In addition, the possibility of coastal disasters caused by abnormal vertical wind shear due to changes in sea surface temperature was also analyzed. According to the analysis of the correlation between the wind resource data at met mast and the sea surface temperature by ERA5, the wind speed from the sea and the vertical wind shear are stronger than from the inland, and are vulnerable to seasonal sea surface temperature fluctuations. In particular, the abnormal vertical wind shear, in which only the lower wind speed was strengthened and appeared in the form of a nose, mainly appeared in winter when the atmosphere was near-neutral or stable, and all occurred when the wind blows from the sea. This phenomenon usually occurred when there was a sudden change in sea surface temperature within a short period of time.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.376-382
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• 2015

Dollar spot, caused by Sclerotinia homoeocarpa, is the major disease in cool-season turfgrasses. Understanding the distribution of this pathogen in soil and thatch is important to developing disease control strategies. In this study, toothpicks were used to detect S. homoeocarpa in the turfgrass canopy, thatch, and soil at different distances from dollar spot infection centers. The effect of penetrant and contact fungicide applications with different water volumes on distribution of S. homoeocarpa was also investigated. S. homoeocarpa was detected in 100% of samples taken from the leaf canopy, 83.3% in thatch area, and 0% in the soil from within the infection center. S. homoeocarpa was isolated in 100% of samples taken from the edge of the infection center, but was only detected in 13% of the samples taken at 1.5 cm away from the infection center edge. S. homoeocarpa was isolated at a higher frequency in the propiconazole treated plots than those treated with chlorothalonil and was not detected in leaf canopy samples when either fungicides was applied with 6.78 L of water. In conclusion, the toothpick-aided detection technique has improved our understanding of S. homoeocarpa epidemiology and could be used as a diagnostic tool to detect for fungicide resistance on golf courses.