• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한전기학회 2002년도 하계학술대회 논문집 C
• /
• pp.1843-1845
• /
• 2002

유입식변압기 내부고장의 조기발견을 위하여 유중가스분석법이 가장 일반적으로 사용되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 변압기 내부이상의 종류에 따른 발생가스의 특성과 유중가스분석법으로 사용되고 있는 key gas법 Donenburg법, Rosers법, IEC법에 대한 특성을 비교분석하였다. 동일한 가스성분에 의해서도 각 진단법이 의한 진단결과가 다르고, 또한 진단결과가 발생하지 않는 경우가 발생하고 있으며, 고장원인이 2가지 이상으로 복합되어 있는 경우 모든 고장원인을 밝혀낼 수 없는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국조명전기설비학회지:조명전기설비
• /
• 제11권2호
• /
• pp.80-88
• /
• 1997

본 연구에서는 유중 가스 분석법으로 전력용 변압기의 고장 진단을 위한 전문가 시스템을 개발하였다. 유중 가스 분석법을 적용할 때 나타나는 가스 구성비 및 주요 가스 판정 기준, 고장 진단 규칙의 불확실성은 퍼지 집합 및 퍼지 척도를 이용하여 처리하였다. 또한 변압기의 고장 진단 결과는 사고 및 정상을 나타내는 정량화된 지수로 표현하였다. 제안된 고장 진단 전문가 시스템은 한국 전력 공사의 변압기 유중 가스 기록으로 효용성을 입증하였다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한전기학회 2007년도 제38회 하계학술대회
• /
• pp.97-98
• /
• 2007

A wide range of data is available as too causes of large power transformers. Although the percentage of transformer component failure rates vary, all data shows that the top three failure mechanisms are Load Tap Changers (LTC), Bushings and Windings. To date, the most common methods employed to determine the health of a transformer are off line tests and online temperature monitoring, winding hotspot calculations and dissolved gas analysis.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국신재생에너지학회 2008년도 추계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.186-187
• /
• 2008

Electrical resistivity in hydrate-bearing sediments is sensitive to porosity, gas hydrate saturation, gas content, pore fluid composition, and temperature, so electrical measurements such as well logs and electromagnetic surveys have been used to explore gas hydrate-bearing formation. The high pressure tomography cell is designed considering the effect of electrode configuration and electrical shielding on tomography measurements and the safety. The evolution of electrical conductivity during $CO_2$ hydrate formation and dissociation reflects the combined effects of concurrent changes that include ionization of dissolved $CO_2$, temperature-dependent ionic mobility, changes in the degree of saturation, ion exclusion, surface conduction, and porosity changes. Measurements during hydrate formation and dissociation require careful analysis to properly interpret signatures, in particular when out-of plane conductivity anomalies prevail.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• 제25권1호
• /
• pp.40-48
• /
• 2022

Seahorses, which have been cultivated since the 2000s, are economically very important. Gas bubble disease (GBD) is a significant concern in the cultivation of seahorses; therefore, this study aimed to determine the cause of GBD-induced death in two species of Syngnathidae (Syngnathus schlegeli and Hippocampus haema). Rod-shaped bacteria were observed histopathologically and identified as Vibrio splendidus by conventional and real-time PCR analyses. The lethality of V. splendidus varies depending on the host's immune status, and the disease can be prevented through water quality management or improvement of the breeding environment. In this study, the GBD lesions (gas bubbles) were observed at 12℃, 8.0 mg/L of dissolved oxygen, 30 ppt of salinity, and pH 7.7. In addition, rod-shaped bacteria, infiltration of inflammatory cells, and extensive serous exudate were confirmed in the lesions where gas bubbles were found. PCR analysis was able to detect V. splendidus, possibly a secondary infection of the immunocompromised syngnathid fish. Understanding the risk of immunity control and the correlation between these lesions and causal agents will be of great help to the aquaculture industry and the ornamental fish market.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제55권11호
• /
• pp.4204-4212
• /
• 2023

Background: Storage reservoirs of radioactive waste could be the source of atmospheric pollution due to the efflux of aqueous aerosol from their water areas. The main mechanism of formation of aqueous aerosols is the collapse of gas bubbles at the water surface. In this paper, we discuss the potential influence of biological factors on gas ebullition in the water areas of the radioactively contaminated industrial reservoirs R-9 (Lake Karachay) and R-4 (Metlinsky pond) of the Mayak PA. The emission of the released non-dissolved gases captured with gas traps in reservoir R-9 was (88-290) ml/m² per day (2015) and in reservoir R-4 (270-460) ml/m² per day (2016). The analysis of gas composition in reservoir R-4 (60% methane, 35% nitrogen, 2.4% oxygen, 1.5% carbon dioxide) confirms their biological origin. It is associated with the processes of organic matter destruction in bottom sediments. The major source of organic matter in bottom sediments is the dying phytoplankton developing in these reservoirs. Conclusion: The obtained results form the basis to set a task to quantify the relationship between the phytoplankton development, gases ebullition and radioactive atmosphere contamination.

• 한국환경보건학회지
• /
• 제50권2호
• /
• pp.83-92
• /
• 2024

Background: In this study, we investigate the rapid increase in environmental odors and notable rise in civil complaints near Dorim Stream in the Gwanak-gu area of Seoul. Objectives: This study aims to identify the causal compounds responsible for environmental odors in the Dorim Stream and investigate the structural characteristics of the stream that influence odor generation. Methods: The research methodology involved setting up 41 sampling points, selecting panels for direct sensory evaluation to assess odor intensity, measuring dissolved oxygen and hydrogen sulfide concentrations, and using all-in-one low-temperature desorption gas chromatography (ATD-GC) and thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (TD-GC/MS) analysis to identify odor-causing compounds. Results: The evaluation of Dorim Stream revealed that in areas with complete meandering, there were lower dissolved oxygen levels (4.5±2.67 mg/L) and higher odor intensity (4.0±0.92), while in partially meandering sections, higher dissolved oxygen levels (7.8±1.15 mg/L) and lower odor intensity (2.8±1.06) were observed. Hydrogen sulfide levels measured with sensors increased with higher temperatures, especially in the afternoon hours (12:00~14:00). Acetaldehyde was the dominant odor compound detected in both the Bonglim Bridge (0.4 ppm) area and Guro Bridge area (0.867 ppm), with concentrations more than twice as high near Guro Bridge. Odor-causing compounds identified by TD-GC/MS indicated a pungent, sulfurous odor in the Guro Bridge area and a musty odor in the Bonglim Bridge area. Conclusions: This study categorizes and analyzes the sources of odor in Dorim Stream in Seoul based on meandering patterns and the distribution of sewage facilities, highlighting the potential odor issues associated with combined sewage systems and sewer junctions and suggesting policy improvements.

• 전기학회논문지
• /
• 제59권5호
• /
• pp.912-917
• /
• 2010

It was known that oil-filled transformer's life depended on insulating paper which was applied to transformers for insulating of transformer. Therefore when paper was aged, its electrical, mechanical and chemical characteristics were changed. Especially if operating temperature was high, paper was quickly damaged. As cellulose paper which was mainly used for solid insulation of transformers was degraded, the cellulose polymer chains broke down into shorter lengths and gases such as CO, $CO_2$, $CH_4$, $C_2H_4$ and so on were produced from paper. Also by-product known as furan compounds were producted from paper and it were dissolved within insulating oil. In this paper accelerating aging cell was aged during 60 hours at 100, 150, 180 and $200^{\circ}C$, respectively, so evaluating the chemical characteristics of cellulose paper by thermal. An it were performed analysis such as tensile strength(TS), dissolved gas analysis(DGA) and high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC). Also for analyzing of correlation between insulating degradation characteristics, it was performed linear regression method as statistical treatment.

• Applied Microscopy
• /
• 제44권2호
• /
• pp.79-82
• /
• 2014

Aluminum nitride (AlN) powder was easily synthesized by the direct nitridation of Al melt containing ~20 wt.% Mg catalyst and the nitriding behavior was investigated by thermodynamic calculation and through observations of electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The addition of Mg catalyst decreased the nitriding temperature below $1,000^{\circ}C$, which is comparable to the high nitriding temperature of $1,400^{\circ}C$ required in carbothermal method. It was caused by a significant increase of the solubility of nitrogen gas due to the increase of Mg catalyst in Al melt. The dissolved nitrogen gas met Mg catalyst and was transformed into metastable $Mg_3N_2$. Finally the metastable phase reacted with Al to AlN.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
• /
• 제21권7호
• /
• pp.75-83
• /
• 2007

일반적으로 변압기의 고장진단을 위해 IEC 코드법이 사용되지만, 이 방법은 가스비율이 규정된 범위 내에 존재하지 않거나 경계조건에 있는 경우 숙련된 진단 전문가에게 의뢰하지 않고는 정확한 고장의 원인을 판정하는데 어려움이 있다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 본 논문에서는 SOM을 이용한 전력용 변압기의 고장진단 알고리즘을 제안한다. 제안된 방법은 훈련 데이터의 경쟁학습을 통하여 자기 구성 맵을 구축한 후, 실증 데이터를 구축된 맵에 적용하여 고장의 진단이 이루어진다. 또한 클러스터링 기법에 의해 구축된 정상/고장모델과 정상 데이터를 비교함으로써 고장의 추이 및 열화정도를 분석한다. 제안된 방법의 유용성을 보이기 위한 실험결과에서 기존의 방법들에 비해 향상된 진단결과를 보임을 확인할 수 있었다.