Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.47853/FAS.2022.e5

A case report of secondary infection by Vibrio splendidus associated with gas bubble disease in syngnathid fishes (Syngnathus schlegeli and Hippocampus haema)  

Kang, Gyoungsik (Department of Marine Biology and Aquaculture, College of Marine Science, Gyeongsang National University)
Choi, Kwang-Min (Department of Marine Biology and Aquaculture, College of Marine Science, Gyeongsang National University)
Joo, Min-Soo (Department of Marine Biology and Aquaculture, College of Marine Science, Gyeongsang National University)
Woo, Won-Sik (Department of Marine Biology and Aquaculture, College of Marine Science, Gyeongsang National University)
Park, Chan-Il (Department of Marine Biology and Aquaculture, College of Marine Science, Gyeongsang National University)
Publication Information
Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences / v.25, no.1, 2022 , pp. 40-48 More about this Journal
Abstract
Seahorses, which have been cultivated since the 2000s, are economically very important. Gas bubble disease (GBD) is a significant concern in the cultivation of seahorses; therefore, this study aimed to determine the cause of GBD-induced death in two species of Syngnathidae (Syngnathus schlegeli and Hippocampus haema). Rod-shaped bacteria were observed histopathologically and identified as Vibrio splendidus by conventional and real-time PCR analyses. The lethality of V. splendidus varies depending on the host's immune status, and the disease can be prevented through water quality management or improvement of the breeding environment. In this study, the GBD lesions (gas bubbles) were observed at 12℃, 8.0 mg/L of dissolved oxygen, 30 ppt of salinity, and pH 7.7. In addition, rod-shaped bacteria, infiltration of inflammatory cells, and extensive serous exudate were confirmed in the lesions where gas bubbles were found. PCR analysis was able to detect V. splendidus, possibly a secondary infection of the immunocompromised syngnathid fish. Understanding the risk of immunity control and the correlation between these lesions and causal agents will be of great help to the aquaculture industry and the ornamental fish market.
Keywords
Vibrio splendidus; Gas bubble disease; Syngnathus schlegeli; Hippocampus haema;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Thompson FL, Iida T, Swings J. Biodiversity of Vibrios. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 2004;68:403-31.   DOI
2 Cao R, Wang Q, Yang D, Liu Y, Ran W, Qu Y, et al. CO2-induced ocean acidification impairs the immune function of the Pacific oyster against Vibrio splendidus challenge: an integrated study from a cellular and proteomic perspective. Sci Total Environ. 2018b;625:1574-83.   DOI
3 Saulnier D, De Decker S, Tourbiez D, Travers MA. Development of a duplex Taqman real-time PCR assay for rapid identification of Vibrio splendidus-related and V. aestuarianus strains from bacterial cultures. J Microbiol Methods. 2017;140:67-9.   DOI
4 Zhang Y, Qin G, Lin J, Lin Q. Growth, survivorship, air-bubble disease, and attachment of feeble juvenile seahorses, Hippocampus kuda (Bleeker, 1852). J World Aquac Soc. 2015;46:292-300.   DOI
5 Liu R, Chen H, Zhang R, Zhou Z, Hou Z, Gao D, et al. Comparative transcriptome analysis of Vibrio splendidus JZ6 reveals the mechanism of its pathogenicity at low temperatures. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2016;82:2050-61.   DOI
6 Gatesoupe FJ, Lambert C, Nicolas JL. Pathogenicity of Vibrio splendidus strains associated with turbot larvae, Scophthalmus maximus. J Appl Microbiol. 1999;87:757-63.   DOI
7 Ivanova NV, Zemlak TS, Hanner RH, Hebert PDN. Universal primer cocktails for fish DNA barcoding. Mol Ecol Notes. 2007;7:544-8.   DOI
8 Jiang F, Huang H, Yang N, Feng H, Li Y, Han B. Isolation, identification, and biological control in vitro of tail rot pathogen strain from Hippocampus kuda. PLOS ONE. 2020;15:e0232162.   DOI
9 Lacoste A, Jalabert F, Malham SK, Cueff A, Poulet SA. Stress and stress-induced neuroendocrine changes increase the susceptibility of juvenile oysters (Crassostrea gigas) to Vibrio splendidus. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2001b;67:2304-9.   DOI
10 Lambert C, Nicolas JL, Cilia V, Corre S. Vibrio splendidus related strain isolated from brown deposit in scallop (Pecten maximus) cultured in Brittany (France). Bull Eur Assoc Fish Pathol. 1999;19:102-6.
11 Palumbi S. Nucleic acids II: the polymerase chain reaction. In: Hillis D, Moritz C, Mable B, editors. Molecular systematics. Sunderland, MA: Sinauer & Associates; 1996. p. 205-47.
12 Pires NMM, Dong T, Yang Z, da Silva LFBA. Recent methods and biosensors for foodborne pathogen detection in fish: progress and future prospects to sustainable aquaculture systems. Food Sci Nutr. 2020;61:1852-76.
13 Reid HI, Treasurer JW, Adam B, Harry Birkbeck T. Analysis of bacterial populations in the gut of developing cod larvae and identification of Vibrio logei, Vibrio anguillarum and Vibrio splendidus as pathogens of cod larvae. Aquaculture. 2009;288:36-43.   DOI
14 LePage V, Young J, Dutton CJ, Crawshaw G, Pare JA, Kummrow M, et al. Diseases of captive yellow seahorse Hippocampus kuda Bleeker, pot-bellied seahorse Hippocampus abdominalis Lesson and weedy seadragon Phyllopteryx taeniolatus (Lacepede). J Fish Dis. 2015;38:439-50.   DOI
15 Sanaye SV, Pawar HB, Murugan A, Sreepada RA, Singh T, Ansari ZA. Diseases and parasites in cultured yellow seahorse, Hippocampus kuda. Fish Chimes. 2013;32:65-7.
16 Takahashi S, Tomita J, Nishioka K, Hisada T, Nishijima M. Development of a prokaryotic universal primer for simultaneous analysis of Bacteria and Archaea using next-generation sequencing. PLOS ONE. 2014;9:e105592.   DOI
17 Waechter M, Le Roux F, Nicolas JL, Marissal E, Berthe F. Caracterisation de bacteries pathogenes de naissain d'huitre creuse Crassostrea gigas. C. R. Biol. 2002;325:231-8.   DOI
18 Gomez-Leon J, Villamil L, Lemos ML, Novoa B, Figueras A. Isolation of Vibrio alginolyticus and Vibrio splendidus from aquacultured carpet shell clam (Ruditapes decussatus) larvae associated with mass mortalities. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2005;71:98-104.   DOI
19 Lacoste A, Jalabert F, Malham S, Cueff A, Gelebart F, Cordevant C, et al. A Vibrio splendidus strain is associated with summer mortality of juvenile oysters Crassostrea gigas in the Bay of Morlaix (North Brittany, France). Dis Aquat Org. 2001a;46:139-45.   DOI
20 Balcazar JL, Gallo-Bueno A, Planas M, Pintado J. Isolation of Vibrio alginolyticus and Vibrio splendidus from captive-bred seahorses with disease symptoms. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek. 2010;97:207-10.   DOI
21 Cao R, Liu Y, Wang Q, Yang D, Liu H, Ran W, et al. Seawater acidification reduced the resistance of Crassostrea gigas to Vibrio splendidus challenge: an energy metabolism perspective. Front Physiol. 2018a;9:880.   DOI
22 Armada SP, Farto R, Perez MJ, Nieto TP. Effect of temperature, salinity and nutrient content on the survival responses of Vibrio splendidus biotype I. Microbiology. 2003;149:369-75.   DOI
23 Bricelj VM, Ford SE, Borrero FJ, Perkins FO, Rivara G, Hillman RE, et al. Unexplained mortalities of hatchery-reared, juvenile oysters, Crassostrea virginica (Gmelin). J Shellfish Res. 1992;11:331-47.