• 한국식물병리학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.224-229
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• 1995

Occurrence and incidences of major diseases of peach (Prunus persicae pv. vulgaris), leaf curl caused by Taphrina deformans, bacterial shot hole caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. pruni, brown rot caused by Monilinia fructicola, and anthracnose caused by Glomerella cingulata in peach orchards in Cheongdo and Kyungsan areas of Gyeongbuk province, Korea, were investigated for four years from 1990 to 1993. In leaf curl and bacterial shot hole which mainly occurred on leaves, frist disease occurrences were dated from late April to early May. The maximum leaf curl incidence was dated in mid May, while dates of the maximum bacterial shot hole incidence varied from mid May to mid August depending on the years surveyed. In brown rot and anthracnose on fruit, the first disease occurrence dates ranged from early June to early August; however, the maximum disease incidences for both were invariably dated in late August. The disease incidences on the dates of the maximum incidences differed year by year, and the averages for the 4 years were 13.2%, 10.5%, 10.9% and 3.8% for leaf curl, bacterial shot hole, brown rot and anthracnose, respectively. Especially in the leaf curl disease, the first disease occurrence dates and the maximum disease incidences matched with the amounts of precipitation of rain up to April, suggesting that the disease occurrence may be related to the precipitation during the early season. The occurrence of leaf curl was somewhat higher in cultivar“Baekmi”than other cultivars. All of the major disease occurred more in hilly orchards than in plain ones.

• 식물병연구
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.399-401
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• 2012

발아현미 가공용 친환경 원료곡 생산에 적합한 벼 품종을 선발하기 위하여 농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원에서 개발된 주요 벼 품종을 친환경 재배단지(전남 곡성군)에서 3년간(2009-2011년) 유기재배를 실시하여 병해 및 수량 변화를 조사하였다. 삼광벼에서 벼 잎집무늬마름병과 도열병의 발병률은 대조구인 추청벼의 경우 보다 높게 나타났으나 고시히까리 보다는 현저히 낮게 발병하였다 또한 수확량은 추청벼, 고시히까리 보다 높게 나타났다. 특수미로 선발된 큰눈벼, 하이아미는 대조구인 추청벼, 고시히까리와 비슷한 발병률과 수확량을 보였다. 결론적으로 삼광벼, 큰눈벼, 하이아미는 곡성지방에서 친환경 재배를 하였을 경우 발병률 및 수량변동이 크게 변하지 않을 것으로 생각되며 특히 발아현미 원료곡으로 친환경 유기재배에 적합한 벼 품종으로서 선발 할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.125-130
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• 2008

Various kinds of leaf spots and blights were found in kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa) orchards on 2006 in Korea. Disease incidences were quite variable between open-field and rain-proof shelter. Rate of diseased leaves was recorded as about 70% at open-field orchards in late season but use of rain-proof vinyl shelters alleviated the disease incidences by 20%. Angular leaf spots appeared at early infection stage on June and several other symptoms were also recognized as the disease developed afterward. On September, brown leaf blights were the most frequent, followed by grayish brown ring spots, silvering gray leaf blights, zonate leaf blights, dark brown ring spots and angular leaf spots at open-field orchards. Four fungal species were frequently isolated from the disease symptoms. Phomopsis sp. was the most predominant fungus associated with the leaf spot and blight symptoms on kiwifruit, followed by Glomerella cingulata, Alternaria alternata and Pestalo-tiopsis sp. Phomopsis sp. was commonly isolated from angular leaf spots, silvering gray leaf blights, and zonate brown leaf blights. G. cingulata, A. alternata and Pestalotiopsis sp. were isolated from grayish brown ring spots (anthracnose), brown ring spots and zonate dark brown leaf blights. Typical symptoms appeared on the wounded and unwounded leaves, which were inoculated by each of Phomopsis sp., G. cingulata, and Pestalotiopsis sp., but A. alternata caused symptoms only on the wounded leaves.

• 식물병연구
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.265-275
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• 2018

Cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) is an export crop and source of income in Tanzania. However, its productivity is challenged by insect pests and diseases. Cashew Leaf and Nut Blight Disease (CLNBD) caused by Cryptosporipsis spp. has been cited as one of the most devastating diseases in Tanzania. Studies were conducted to investigate incidences and severities of CLNBD on cashew in farmers' fields and elite cashew hybrids developed in 1996 and 1998 in eastern and southern zones of Tanzania. Furthermore, a screen house experiment was conducted to screen these hybrids against CLNBD at Naliendele Agricultural Research Institute (NARI), Mtwara, Tanzania. The results indicated significant differences (P<0.001) in CLNBD incidences and severities in cashew in farmers' fields across Bagamoyo, Nachingwea and Mtwara districts. Further, there were significant differences (P<0.001) among hybrids in CLNBD severities in the screen house experiment. In ranking the elite cashew hybrids, 38 were tolerant and 14 were susceptible to CLNBD. This observation suggests that elite cashew hybrids developed in 1996 and 1998 are more tolerant to CLNBD compared to cashew found in farmers' fields. These findings strongly suggest that the elite cashew hybrids can be recommended for commercial farming in Tanzania.

• 식물병연구
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.49-60
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• 2021

Cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) is an important cash crop in Tanzania as a source of income to cashew growers and provides foreign exchange for the country. Despite its significance, the crop is threatened by fast spreading disease known as cashew Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum. Field assessment and laboratory tests were conducted to determine incidences of the disease, severity, ecological factors that influence them and explored the pathogen host specificity in six cashew growing districts. The results revealed significant (P<0.001) variation of disease incidences and severity among the studied districts. The results further revealed that there is both positive and negative correlation between the incidence and severity of the disease versus the evaluated ecological factors. The soil pH, soil temperature, air temperature, and relative humidity depicted positive correlation of disease incidence and severity versus ecological factors at ρ=0.50 and ρ=0.60, ρ=0.20 and ρ=0.94, ρ=0.11 and ρ=0.812, ρ=0.05 and ρ=0.771 respectively while nitrogen, phosphorus, and carbon depicted negative correlations at ρ=-0.22 and ρ=-0.58, ρ=-0.15 and ρ=-0.94, ρ=-0.19 and ρ=-0.12 respectively. In terms of host range, none of the weed species was found to be a carrier of Fusarium pathogen implying that it is host specific or semi selective. The results revealed that the tested ecological parameters favor the growth and development of Fusarium pathogen. Thus, management of the disease requires nutrients replenishment and soil shading as essential components in developing appropriate strategies for the control and prevention of further spread of the disease.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.73-80
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• 1970

This report summarized the results of the post-mortem diagnosis oil the 1,785 fowl live and dead during the calender year of 1966 to 1968. The disease incidences in order were; leucosis complex(21.9%) newcastle disease (10.4%), coccidiosis (6.6%) and mismanagement(3.9%). There were also a number of other diseases common to tb,e poultry flocks such as avian mycoplasmosis, pullorum disease and, nutritional disorder etc.

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.165-168
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• 1979

For crops that are planted in a lattice layout, sampling designs can be made to take advantage of this regular arrangement. In order to select which tobacco plants to be examined in a survey to estimate disease loss in tobacco a method of, so called, bent plots was devised based on the regularity of plantings in the tobacco fields. We will first describe this sample selection and measurement method and then provide estimators and their bias and variance properties.

• 식물병연구
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.107-111
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• 2008

무화과 역병의 친환경적 방제를 위해서 2002년에 우리나라 남부지방의 51개의 무화과 과원에서 과원의 재배 양식에 따라 무화과 역병 발생정도를 조사하고, 토양피복재 종류에 따른 역병발병 경감 효과와 아인산염의 방제효과를 구명하였다. 노지 포장에서는 이병과율이 33.3%인 반면 비가림 시설에서는 7.5%, 비닐하우스에서는 전혀 발생하지 않았다. 재식거리 $2m{\times}2m,\;2m{\times}3m,\;3m{\times}4m$ 34.6%, 35.7%, 27%의 발병과율을 나타냈다. 피복재 종류별 병 발생억제 효과는 보릿짚에서 2002년과 2003년에 1.8%와 3.8%인 반면, 무처리에서 각각 42.1%와 48.0%의 발병과율을 보였다. 흑색부직포는 각각 4.8%와 12.0%로 흑색폴리에틸렌 필름의 11.2%와 26.2% 보다 적게 발병하였다. 1,000ppm의 아인산염을 발병 초부터 10일 간격으로 3회 경엽살포할 경우 2003년과 2004년에 각각 3.0%와 2.0%의 발병과율을 보인 반면 무처리는 각각 45.9%와 39.3% 발병하였다.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.211-215
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• 1982

1981년 전북고창, 전남영광, 경북달성, 경남진양 지역에서 참깨병해의 발생과 피해를 조사한 결과 참깨역병의 피해가 가장 심하였다. 참깨역병의 발생은 포장에 따라 차이가 컸으며 발병이 심한 포장에서는 발병주율이 $61\%$나 되었다. 참깨역병을 일으키는 병원균 Phytophthora spp.는 유주자낭의 형태적특성과 참깨에 대한 특이적인 병원성에 의하여 Phytophthora nocitianae var. parasitica (Dastur) Waterhouse로 동정되었다. 참깨역병의 병징은 줄기가 암갈색으로 변색, 부패되어 식물체가 도태고사하는 특징을 보였다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.436-444
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• 2010

Objectives: Infectious diseases are known to be affected by climate change. We investigated if the infectious diseases were related to meteorological factors in Korea. Methods: Scrub typhus, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), leptospirosis, malaria and Vibrio vulnificus sepsis among the National Notifiable Infectious Diseases were selected as the climate change-related infectious diseases. Temperature, relative humidity and precipitation were used as meteorological factors. The study period was from 2001 through 2008. We examined the seasonality of the diseases and those correlations with meteorological factors. We also analyzed the correlations between the incidences of the diseases during the outbreak periods and monthly meteorological factors in the hyper-endemic regions. Results: All of the investigated diseases showed strong seasonality; malaria and V. vulnificus sepsis were prevalent in summer and scrub typhus, HFRS and leptospirosis were prevalent in the autumn. There were significant correlations between the monthly numbers of cases and all the meteorological factors for malaria and V. vulnificus sepsis, but there were no correlation for the other diseases. However, the incidence of scrub typhus in hyper-endemic region during the outbreak period was positively correlated with temperature and humidity during the summer. The incidences of HFRS and leptospirosis had positive correlations with precipitation in November and temperature and humidity in February, respectively. V. vulnificus sepsis showed positive correlations with precipitation in April/May/July. Conclusions: In Korea, the incidences of the infectious diseases were correlated with meteorological factors, and this implies that the incidences could be influenced by climate change.