• 대한수학회논문집
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.189-196
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• 2021

Using ld-irreducible posets, we can easily characterize posets with respect to linear discrepancy. However, it is difficult to have the list of all the irreducible posets with respect to a given linear discrepancy. In this paper, we investigate some properties of disconnected posets and connected posets with respect to linear discrepancy, respectively and then we find various relationships between ld-irreducibily and connectedness. From these results, we suggest some methods to construct ld-irreducible posets.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.242-254
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• 2000

Accurate impression is very important to achieve desirable prosthesis and there are many factors in taking a good impression. For example, types of impression material, types of impression tray, impression taking methods and so on. Recently individual tooth tray technique is accepted as obtaining good impression that can be applied to multiple abutment impression, heavy salivated patient, to minimize the effect of natural teeth s undercuts and to reduce pain during cord packing procedures. The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy according to materials and forms of the individual tooth tray which is clinically applied nowadays. Used materials in experiment were divided into 3 types (acrylic resin. $Futar^{(R)}$ occlusion. $Blu-mousse^{(R)}$) and forms were divided into 2 types (forming occlusal vent hole or not and forming marginal vent space or not). Stone master model from impression body and metal master model were measured by $X-PLAN360d^{(R)}$ to compare occlusal surface discrepancy and marginal discrepancy. The results were as follows: 1. In comparison of occlusal surface discrepancy and marginal discrepancy according to materials, groups with three materials showed no statistical difference 2. In comparison of occlusal surface discrepancy and marginal discrepancy according to occlusal vent hole, groups with occlusal vent hole showed significantly less marginal discrepancy than groups with no occlusal vent hole(p<0.05). 3. In comparison of occlusal surface discrepancy and marginal discrepancy according to 0.5mm-marginal-vent-space, groups with no 0.5mm-marginal-vent-space showed significantly less marginal discrepancy than groups with 0.5mm-marginal-vent-space (p<0.05). In summary these results suggest that individual tooth tray made of 3 types of materials with occlusal vent hole and individual tooth tray made of acrylic resin with no marginal vent space showed good accuracy of impression. In addition, individual tooth tray which is made of bite registration materials may be more useful because of advantage in facility and timesaving aspect of fabrication.

• CRM연구
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.35-54
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• 2011

고객기반 온라인 커뮤니티에서 고객들이 생성하는 정보 자원은 기업의 상품 및 서비스를 개발하는 데에 직접적으로 반영되기도 하며 기업과 고객 사이의 직접적인 상호작용을 촉진하기도 한다. 따라서 최근 고객기반 온라인 커뮤니티의 운영과 지속적인 성장에 대한 기업의 관심이 점차 증가하고 있다. 온라인 커뮤니티의 존속과 성장은 커뮤니티 회원들의 자발적인 기여에 의해 이루어진다. 본 연구는 고객기반 온라인 커뮤니티 사용자들의 기여행위 기저에 존재하는 사회 심리학적인 요인들에 대해 초점을 맞추고, 물리적 세계의 실제 자아와 온라인 공간에서 창조되는 가상 자아 사이의 차이가 익명성과 관련된 심리적 반응 요인들(자율권, 회복, 카타르시스)과 기여행위에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 고찰하였다. 114명의 고객기반 온라인 커뮤니티 사용자로부터 수집된 서베이 자료를 분석한 결과, 실제 자아와 가상 자아의 차이는 개인적 능력을 나타내는 측면과 사회적 능력을 나타내는 부분으로 구별되며, 각각은 지각하는 자율권, 회복에 서로 다른 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 자율권, 회복, 카타르시스 각각의 요인들도 기여의 질적인 측면과 양적인 측면에 서로 다른 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 기반으로 이론적, 실무적 함의에 대해 토의하였다.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.206-214
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify body esteem, body figure discrepancy and depression in women college students. Method: The data were collected during April and May, 2004 using a questionnaire. The participants were 364 women college students attending universities in Seoul and Gangwon-Do. Results: The BMI for under weight, normal weight and overweight for the college women were 49.2%, 48.3%, 2.5% respectively. But 52.6% of the students perceived themselves as obese and only 11.5% described themselves as being 'thin'. The mean scores for BMI, body esteem, body figure discrepancy and depression were $20.11{\pm}2.20$, $2.36{\pm}.79$, $1.07{\pm}.58$ and $1.20{\pm}.48$ respectively. Significant difference was found in body esteem score (F=26.389 p<.0001) and body figure discrepancy (F=64.167, p<.0001) according to BMI scores. There were negative correlations between body esteem and body figure discrepancy (r=-.582, p=.0001), between body esteem and depression (r=-.120, p=.028), between body esteem and BMI (r=-.422, p=.0001), and a positive correlation between body figure discrepancy and BMI (r=.630, p=.0001). Factors such as body figure discrepancy, BMI and depression explained 36.7% of the valiance in students' body esteem. Conclusion: This study suggests that an intervention program is necessary for women college students to increase their body esteem.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.231-238
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• 1988

The purpose of this study was to assess and compare discrepancy in the scores of uncertainty perceived by patients and nurses' interperson perception. For this study, 124 hospitalized patients and the same numbered nurses assigned for direct care of each 124 patients were selected from general ward of C. University Hospital in Seoul during the time period from September to November 1987. Degree of uncertainty was measured by 27 items modified from Mishel Uncertainty in Illness Scale (MUIS), and was utilized by a Likert type scale The data were analysed by Mcnemar-test. Unpaired t-test. ANOVA, Scheffe - test and Stepwise multiple regression. The results are summarized as follows : 1. The discrepancy in the scores of uncertainty perceived by patients and nurses' interperson perception showed significant differences in 23 of 27 items : 11 of 23 items showed that the scores of patients' perception of uncertainty were higher than that of nurses' interperson perception of uncertainty. but 12 of 23 items were revealed reversely. 2. With regard to nurse's demographic variables, the discrepancy scores were the higest in the group under 22 years of age (F＝3.20, p＝.026) and in the group less than 1 year of nursing experience among 4 groups (F＝4.41, p＝.006). 3. The discrepancy scores had a tendency to be lowered in the higher age group(r＝ -.27. p＝.0026) and in the longer experienced group (r＝-.25, p＝.0052). 4. The most important variable affecting the discrepancy scores was identified to be the nurses' age which acounted for 7.2% fo the total variances in the stepwise multiple regression analysis. This was followed by patient hospital days which accounted for an additional 4.5% of the total variances. To conclude, the discrepancy in the scores of uncertainty perceived by patients and nurses' interperson perception showed significant differences in 23 of 27 items. The discrepancy scores of uncertainty had a tendancy to be lowered in the higher age group and in the longer experienced group.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제55권3호
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• pp.777-788
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• 2018

A simple poset is a poset whose linear discrepancy increases if any relation of the poset is removed. In this paper, we investigate more important properties of simple posets such as its width and height which help to construct concrete simple poset of linear discrepancy l. The simplicity of a poset is similar to the ld-irreducibility of a poset. Hence, we investigate which posets are both simple and ld-irreducible. Using these properties, we characterize n-posets of linear discrepancy n - k for k = 2, 3, and, lastly, we also characterize a poset of linear discrepancy 3 with simple posets and ld-irreducible posets.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제54권3호
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• pp.1081-1094
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• 2017

For a poset $P=(X,{\leq}_P)$, the linear discrepancy of P is the minimum value of maximal differences of all incomparable elements for all possible labelings. In this paper, we find a lower bound and an upper bound of the linear discrepancy of a product of two posets. In order to give a lower bound, we use the known result, $ld({\mathbf{m}}{\times}{\mathbf{n}})={\lceil}{\frac{mn}{2}}{\rceil}-2$. Next, we use Dilworth's chain decomposition to obtain an upper bound of the linear discrepancy of a product of a poset and a chain. Finally, we give an example touching this upper bound.

• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.9-14
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• 2014

Background: This study aims to examine correlations between quadriceps angle, lower extremity muscle strength and leg length discrepancy. Methods: This study selected 96 healthy women university students as the subjects of research. Quadriceps angle, lower extremity muscle strength and leg length discrepancy were measured. The statistical analysis of the data SPSS/window (version 12.0) were analyzed using the pearson correlation analysis. Results: There were negative correlations between the muscle strength of the right hamstring muscles and the right quadriceps angle in supine and standing positions. Functional leg length discrepancy of left and right quadriceps angle in supine and standing position showed positive correlations. Conclusions: The quadriceps angle affect the knee. An abnormal angle caused weakening of balance. Muscle strength, leg length discrepancy, and affected lower extremity alignment and knee function. These conclusions may prevent exercise limitation or disorders in the subjects and treating the patients with knee injury or patellofemoral pain syndrome with basic therapy intervention.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.368-371
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of leg length discrepancy on kinematic changes of the pelvis and hip during gait. Methods: A total of ten healthy women with no history of neurological, musculoskeletal surgery or injuries, or pain in the lower limbs were recruited. They were assigned to two groups; the experimental group (LLD) consisting of five subjects leg length discrepancy of 10mm to 18mm and the control group (CON) consisting of five subjects leg length discrepancy of<10 mm. All participants were instructed to perform three walking trials for further analysis by using the Cortex 3.0 software program. Independent T-test and Mann-Whitney test were used to examine the effects of mild LLD on kinematic changes of the pelvis and hip during gait. Results: Angles of hip flexion, hip abduction, pelvic obliquity, and pelvic tilt in the experimental group were not significantly different compared to those of the control group. Conclusion: Mild leg length discrepancy induces kinematic changes in the lower limbs, including decreased hip flexion, increased hip abduction, and increased pelvic obliquity in the shorter limb, and increased hip adduction and increased pelvic obliquity in the longer limb. However, those changes were not significant.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제56권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2019

For a finite poset $P=(X,{\preceq})$ the fractional weak discrepancy of P, denoted $wd_F(P)$, is the minimum value t for which there is a function $f:X{\rightarrow}{\mathbb{R}}$ satisfying (1) $f(x)+1{\leq}f(y)$ whenever $x{\prec}y$ and (2) ${\mid}f(x)-f(y){\mid}{\leq}t$ whenever $x{\parallel}y$. In this paper, we determine the range of the fractional weak discrepancy of (M, 2)-free posets for $M{\geq}5$, which is a problem asked in [9]. More precisely, we showed that (1) the range of the fractional weak discrepancy of (M, 2)-free interval orders is $W=\{{\frac{r}{r+1}}:r{\in}{\mathbb{N}}{\cup}\{0\}\}{\cup}\{t{\in}{\mathbb{Q}}:1{\leq}t<M-3\}$ and (2) the range of the fractional weak discrepancy of (M, 2)-free non-interval orders is $\{t{\in}{\mathbb{Q}}:1{\leq}t<M-3\}$. The result is a generalization of a well-known result for semiorders and the main result for split semiorders of [9] since the family of semiorders is the family of (4, 2)-free posets.