• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.391-400
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• 2003

This study was performed the analysis of seven kinds of the hight school chemistry II textbooks based on the 6th curriculum. Particularly, inquiry activity part was analyzed by the three dimension framework which consists of inquiry content dimension, inquiry process dimension and inquiry context dimension. In the analysis of the inquiry content dimension of inquiry activities, the total number of themes in seven kinds of textbook was 212. And the number of inquiry activities in seven kinds of textbook was diverse: A textbook had 28, B textbook 25, C textbook 31, D textbook 35, E textbook 31, F textbook 29 and G textbook 33. As for the avaerage number of inquiry activities of each chapter, chapter I "Material Science" is 3.00(9.91${\%}$), chapter II "Atomic Structure and Periodic Table" 4.57(15.1${\%}$), chapter III "Chemical Bonding and Compound" 6.86(22.6${\%}$), chapter IV "State of Matter and Solution" 7.00(23.1${\%}$), chapter V "Chemical Reaction" 8.86(29.2${\%}$). For the analysis of inquiry process dimension, it follows in the order of 'observation and measuring (66.7${\%}$)', 'Interpreting data and formulating generalizations (26.5${\%}$)', 'seeing a problem and seeking ways to solve it (4.1%)', and 'building, testing and revising the theoretical model (2.7${\%}$)'. As for the analysis of the inquiry context dimension, the scientific context occupied 90.5${\%}$, the individual context 4.3${\%}$, the social context 0.9${\%}$, and the technical context 4.3${\%}$. It shows that the proportion of STS(Science-Technology-Society) related contents in inquiry activities was only 9.5${\%}$.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.162-176
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• 2001

This study was covered with the analysis of five kinds of the middle school science text books(chemistry part) based on the oth curriculum. Particularly, inquiry activities part was analyzed by the three dimension framework which consists of inquiry content dimension, inquiry process dimension and inquiry context dimension and the results are as follows;1. In the analysis of the contents in the middle school science textbooks(chemistry part), the average number of total pages was 197.6. The illustration and picture were contained 0.66 in number per a page, and the average number of further readings was 5.8.2. In the analysis of the inquiry content dimension of inquiry activities, the total number of themes in five kinds of textbooks was 222. And the number of imquiry activities in five kinds of textbooks was siverse : A textbook had 51, B texbook 49, C textbook 37 and E textbook 35.3. For the analysis of inquiry process dimension. it follows in the order of 'interpreing data and formulating generalizations (42.4%)','observation and measuring (38.1%)','seeing a problem and seeking ways to solve it (7.8%)' and 'building, testing and revising the theoretical model(11.7%)'.4. As for the analysis of the inquiry context dimension, the scientific context occupied 94.2%, the individual context 0.4%, the social context 2.7% and the technical context 2.7%. It shows that the proportion of STS(Science-Technology-Society) related contents in inquiry activities was only 5.8%.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.274-287
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• 2000

This study was performed the analysis of four kinds of common science textbooks based on the 6th curriculum. Particularly, inquiry activity part was analyzed by the three dimension framework which consists of inquiry content dimension, inquiry process dimension and inquiry context dimension. In the analysis of the inquiry content dimension of inquiry activities, the contents revised by 6th curriculum of common science textbook was accomplished through various inquiry activities. The number of inquiry activity in four textbooks was similar as about 16. The For the analysis of inquiry process dimension, 'interpreting data and formulating generalizations' category (39.1%) was most emphasized and the categories of 'observation and measuring'(30.8%), and 'building, testing and revising the theoretical model' (16.5 %), 'seeing a problem and seeking ways to solve it' (13.5%) follow in order. As for the analysis of the inquiry context dimension, the proportion of STS related contents in inquiry activities was only 18%. So, we propose that STS related contents would increase the proportion for the following textbook.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.219-230
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to analyze the structure of consumption emotions that consumers experienced in the process of consuming apparel products. Data was collected from 144 female college students living in Busan, and analyzed by salience, diversity, H-index, Clamor's V, and multi-dimensional scaling. The results showed as following; 1. The consumption emotions related to apparel products appeared three dimensions; ‘Relaxed-tense’ dimension, ‘Pleasant-unpleasant’ dimension, and ‘Outward-inward’ dimension. Considering elements of consumption system, the dimensions of consumption emotions in relation to apparel performances were 'Pleasant-unpleasant' and ‘Outward-inward’. The dimensions of consumption emotions experienced in usage situations were ‘Relaxed-tense’ and ‘pleasant-unpleasant’. The consumption emotions related to specific products were composed of ‘Pleasant-unpleasant’ dimension and ‘Outward-inward’ dimension. 2. As the multi-dimension map of this study has much space, it suggested that the scope of consumption emotions related to apparel products was more limited than those related to general situations and products. 3. The structure of consumption emotions in relation to apparel performances appeared to be bisected, while those related to usage situations showed relatively to be dispersed. 4. Although Pleasant-unpleasant dimension was consistent with results of prestudies, the dimensions of ‘Relaxed-tense’ and ‘Outward-inward’ were newly confirmed as the dimensions of consumption emotions related to apparel products. Therefore, consumer's consumption emotions of apparel products were composed of three dimensions, tended to be more limited than those of general consumption situations and products, and differentiated across apparel performances, usage situation, and specific products.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.387-392
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• 2005

The research was performed to predict the potential landslide with roughness index. It was known that fractal dimension and surface area index can be represented the topography, specially when the natural slopes were rough or rugged. A test site was selected and fractal dimension and surface area index were calculated from the irregular triangle network. Fractal dimension were ranged between $2.016{\sim}2.046$ and surface area index $1.56E+07{\sim}2.59E+07$. Surface area index increased as fractal dimension increased. Slope stability was calculated by infinite slope stability analysis model and was compared to slope stability by fractal and surface area index. In the result, unsafe zones where slope stability is under 1.1 were $5.11{\sim}6.25%$ for the test site. It can be said that fractal dimension and surface area index are a good index to evaluate the slope stability because when fractal dimension and surface area index are greater, then stability of the site is more unsafe.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.754-770
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• 2022

For teachers, noticing refers to paying attention to something, indicating they interpret it and how they are willing to react to it in the context of their own instruction. Analysis of noticing features enables us to understand the overall characteristics of the teacher's lesson design, practice, and reflection, which are core agents in the educational design and implementation. This can also be taken to be the basis of education design for competency reinforcement for teachers. Therefore, in this study, the characteristics of noticing shown in teachers' reflections after class design and demonstration were identified. For this purpose, the self-reflection journals of 106 elementary pre-service teachers enrolled in the College of Education in Gangwon-do were analyzed. In particular, the journals were gathered that were written after the demonstration dealing with the change of gas volume by temperature in science class. After designing a noticing analysis frame consisting of the five dimensions 'agent', 'stage', 'topic', 'focus', and 'stance', the frequency and ratio of noticing by each dimension's components were derived. The frequency and ratio of noticing for the dimension of 'focus' were analyzed for the dimensions of 'stage' and 'topic'. The results of the study were as follows. For the dimension of 'agent', the frequency of teacher and student was the highest, and for the dimension of 'stage', inquiry activity was the highest. For the 'topic' dimension, class design according to the teaching strategy appeared most frequently, and in the 'focus' dimension, the cases that did not specify the goal of the class and the competencies to be achieved by the students appeared most frequently. In the 'stance' dimension, description showed the highest frequency. From the analysis of how the 'focus' changes according to the 'stage' and 'topic', it was found that a characteristic focus appeared for each component of the dimension. From these results, the implications of the noticing characteristics of pre-service teachers for the design and implementation of teacher education were discussed.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.41-46
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• 2005

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the fractal dimension and radiographic image brightness of periapical radiograph were useful in predicting osteoporosis. Materials and Methods : Ninety-two postmenopausal women were classified as normal, osteopenia and osteoporosis group according to the bone mineral density of lumbar vertebrae and periapical radiographs of both mandibular molar areas were taken. The ROIs of 358 areas were selected at periapical and interdental areas and fractal dimension and radiographic image brightness were measured. Results : The fractal dimension in normal group was significantly higher than that in osteoporosis group at periapical ROI (P < 0.05). The radiographic image brightness in normal group was higher than that in osteopenia and osteoporosis group. There was significant difference not only between normal and osteopenia group (P < 0.05) but also within osteopenia and osteoporosis group (P< 0.01) at periapical ROI. Significant difference was observed not only between normal and osteopenia group but also between normal and osteoporosis group at interdental ROI (P< 0.01). Positive linear relationship was weakly shown at Pearson correlation analysis between fractal dimension and radiographic image brightness. BMD significantly correlated with fractal dimension at periapical ROI (P< 0.01), and BMD and radiographic image brightness significantly correlated at both periapical and interdental ROIs (P< 0.01). Conclusion : This study suggests that the fractal dimension and radiographic image brightness of periapical ROI may predict BMD. (Korean J Oral Maxillofac Radiol 2005: 35 : 41-6)

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.227-236
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• 2006

The fractal dimension is a quantitative parameter describing the characteristics of irregular time series. In this study, we use this parameter to analyze the irregular aspects of solar activity and to predict the maximum sunspot number in the following solar cycle by examining time series of the sunspot number. For this, we considered the daily sunspot number since 1850 from SIDC (Solar Influences Data analysis Center) and then estimated cycle variation of the fractal dimension by using Higuchi's method. We examined the relationship between this fractal dimension and the maximum monthly sunspot number in each solar cycle. As a result, we found that there is a strong inverse relationship between the fractal dimension and the maximum monthly sunspot number. By using this relation we predicted the maximum sunspot number in the solar cycle from the fractal dimension of the sunspot numbers during the solar activity increasing phase. The successful prediction is proven by a good correlation (r=0.89) between the observed and predicted maximum sunspot numbers in the solar cycles.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.145-149
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• 2023

High-resolution images of surfaces provide detailed information on pores or shapes with specific sizes ranging from nano sizes to micrometers. However, it is not yet clear to determine an efficient association for pores or shapes from high-resolution images of surfaces. For the efficient association of pores and shapes, the surface characteristics of the device were considered as fractal dimensions by taking SEM photographs and binarizing the images. The fractal program was directly coded for surface analysis of the device. The device surface characteristics and electrical characteristics are thought to be related to the fractal dimension. The fractal dimension decreased with an increase in internal pores. The density and grain boundary of particles, which are structural characteristics of the device surface, were related to the fractal dimension. The particle size decreased with an increase in the fractal dimension and was uniformly formed. When the particles were uniformly formed, fewer pores were present and the fractal dimension increased.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.209-212
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• 2011

The capacitive application(prove) can be used to measure the complex permittivity of dielectric material of various thickness and cross section. This paper presents that we designed the analysis system of engine oil permittivity to know the relation between the engine oil deterioration and the prove dimension. Each of the dimension of capacitive prove is changed and then electric capacity is measured by LCR {Inductance(L), Capacitance (C), and Resistance (R)} meter. The engine oil permittivity has extracted in the prove measurement. As the additional research, this paper suggest the best of the prove dimension for the permittivity measurement.