• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.21-32
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• 2021

The current study investigates how Malaysian ESL learners' L2 (English) speaking fluency is reflected in advanced L2 reading and what difficulties they encounter in reading comprehension. Nine Malaysian students attending a Korean university participated in qualitative research using in-depth and semi-structured interviews. The data revealed that L2 was a very familiar language, and their speaking fluency in L2 reduced the anxiety of L2 reading in general. However, it did not play a significant role in reading at an advanced level. Their difficulties in reading were mainly due to a lack of vocabulary knowledge. However, insufficient background knowledge and interest also frustrated their reading tasks. These factors lowered their reading comprehension, causing inaccurate interpretations or discouraging their endeavors to find messages from the given text. Thus, these findings should be carefully addressed in reading classes for Korean L2 learners as well as international students.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.329-336
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• 2022

Unreadable Khitan scripts of ancient documents written by indian ink on parchment(sheepskin) are visualized by active infrared thermography without contacting and damaging the document which are deteriorated and aged presumably over many years. Sinusoidal infrared thermal wave using Halogen lamp is applied to the surface of the document in order to selectively magnify and record the thermal response of indian ink. The infrared image of the document captured in real time by infrared camera under the active external excitation shows the better sharpness and readability of Khitan characters than the optical image, from which many Khitan letters like ' ' and ' ' sounding as 'd' and 'ri' in English alphabet are detected and deciphered. It is concluded from the experiment that the active infrared thermography can be used as a promising method for digital reconstruction and preservation of ancient documents in the future.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.269-277
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• 2021

The purpose of the study is to explore the effect of university's managing and system support in online classes on learning participation mediated by learning presence and to examine the structural relationship between the factors. In order to achieve the purpose of the study, 135 students who take online "College English 2" classes were analyzed for the fitness of the research model and the path and structural analysis through a confirmative factor of the structural equation model. As a result of the study, first, the university's managing support for online class showed a positive effect to learning presence. Second, the university's managing support for online classes completely mediated learning presence and had a positive effect on learning participation. This study can clarify the structural relationship between environmental factors which are online class support and learners' characteristics in university online class, learning presence, and learning participation and can broaden the understanding of learning participation in online classes. It gives the implications that should be considered in teaching and learning design.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.8
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• pp.275-283
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• 2021

This study was intended to help improve assessment in college EFL classes by examining the relationship between formative assessment (FA) and summative assessment (SA). Participants for the study were 75 undergraduates, taking an eight-week optional college English course at a four-year college in China. FA data were collected in the final course of the course by a self-reporting survey using the online training platform Mosoteach. To achieve the finding, the relationship between FA scores and SA scores (final exam and performance scores) was analyzed in SPSS by means of Pearson correlation analyses. Significant positive correlations were found between FA and SA scores overall. In addition, students' performance on chapter tests, online discussions, brainstorming, quick-responses, assignments and the number of thumbs-up clicks by teachers were significantly correlated with SA scores. The results suggested that FA administered through the Mosoteach app could improve students' academic performance, thus providing an empirical basis for improving educational assessment. Based on these findings, implications for assessment in EFL classes were described.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.299-306
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• 2018

This study is to measure traveling experience of bike riders whom going long distance trip. Bike paths and bike riding are crucial element for modern people's life style. At the same time, a bicycle trail is being developed by the National Bicycled-Oriented Chair Plan, which was established in 2009 by the National Bike Policy Master Plan. 13 million bike riders in Korea is keep on trying the long distance bike trip and its number is increasing every year. Accordingly, the Ministry of Public Administration and Security decides to promote the convenience of riders by developing bicycle app for long distance rider. The study attempted to assess usability of this app with 39 bike applications whom currently using the bike application. Afterwards, the researchers tests 11 hypotheses through in-depth interviews of six activated members. In sum, Bicycle travelers should be provided with bike trail guidance based on theme section skill, provided in-time speed distance related information, communicated with other bike riders, given tips for bike supplies and maintenance, and provided English language service. The study hopes to help find a customized service for bike travelers.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.8
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• pp.227-234
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• 2013

The purpose of the study is to realize and develop the healing process that applies the Forest Healing Program to complementary and alternative therapies within the integrated medical health care place call ' Healing Forest'. Various healing programs need to develope and distribute to educate tentatively name ' Forest Healing Instructor' whom will be the key roll player on the program. Hereupon, collected the feedback of the program from 20 of professors, health care professionals and complementary alternative related professionals who are deeply related on the dendrology using Delphi examine. The study suggests the professional, who knows on dendrology, base medicine knowledge and healing power, Forest Healing Instructor Course includes education and assessment method base on education subject, course complete scope, instructor curriculum, education goal and education operation process. The Journal of Digital Policy & Management. This space is for the of your study in English.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.139-149
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to compare and analyze the impact of self-leadership by worker in social enterprises and profit enterprise. For this purpose, 36 social enterprises and commercial enterprises in Chungcheongnam-do and 303 workers were surveyed. Main results are as follows. First, the workers in social enterprises and profit enterprises have many different characteristics. The workers who work in social enterprise is more women, less educated and were the elderly than profit enterprise. This is the reason that social enterprises are employing women, elderly and vulnerable groups by the government's social work support policy. Second, self leadership and all organizational Performance areas in social enterprises is higher than that of profit companies. Third, self-leadership in social enterprise and profit enterprise has positive effect on organizational performance. Therefore, in order to improve the organizational performance of social enterprises must share organizational vision and goals for the workers. It will increase the organizational competitiveness. The Journal of Digital Policy & Management. This space is for the abstract of your study in English.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.33-40
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• 2023

In this study, we aim to examine the impact of corporate social responsibility implementation, which is a major concern in previous research, on investment efficiency. The research method will be a qualitative study with reference to existing previous research. The three main claims to be addressed in this study will be summarized, and the research variables and research models will be described. As a result of the study, based on existing previous research, this study presented three issues to examine how a high level of corporate social responsibility performance increases investment efficiency. First, we argue that a company's high level of social responsibility will be positively related to investment efficiency. Second, it is argued that investment efficiency will be positively related to individual CSR components that represent the interests of primary stakeholders. Third, it is argued that companies with too high a CSR index and companies with a too low CSR index will have less correlation with investment efficiency. The contribution of this study will be to more accurately understand the impact of CSR on corporate investment efficiency. In the future, it is hoped that additional discoveries will be made through research that adopts the three claims presented in this study as hypotheses and empirically analyzes them. The Journal of Digital Policy & Management. This space is for the abstract of your study in English.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.576-583
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• 2020

This paper proposes a technique to determine the spam comments on YouTube, which have recently seen tremendous growth. On YouTube, the spammers appeared to promote their channels or videos in popular videos or leave comments unrelated to the video, as it is possible to monetize through advertising. YouTube is running and operating its own spam blocking system, but still has failed to block them properly and efficiently. Therefore, we examined related studies on YouTube spam comment screening and conducted classification experiments with six different machine learning techniques (Decision tree, Logistic regression, Bernoulli Naive Bayes, Random Forest, Support vector machine with linear kernel, Support vector machine with Gaussian kernel) and ensemble model combining these techniques in the comment data from popular music videos - Psy, Katy Perry, LMFAO, Eminem and Shakira.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.171-179
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• 2022

Background: The application of Kinesio tape (KT) has become an alternative treatment for the reduction of edema owing to its distinct characteristics that mimic skin behavior. Although many studies have found that KT application has a positive effect on edema related to breast cancer and rehabilitation following mandibular third molar surgery, there is little evidence to support the use of KT for musculoskeletal injuries. Objects: The purpose of this study was to review the literature related to KT application for reducing edema caused by musculoskeletal disorders. Methods: A literature search (July 2022) was performed on PubMed for articles published between January 2012 and June 2022. The following keywords were used: "Kinesio taping," "Kinesio tape," "swelling," and "edema," with different combinations and derivations. Only articles available in English were included in this study. Results: Among 68 identified studies, seven met our search strategy and criteria and were included in the literature review. Five of these studies investigated musculoskeletal disorders of the knee joint; two of them reported that KT application had a positive effect on edema measured using perimetry following total knee replacement and anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. However, the KT application did not improve swelling in patients with acute lateral ankle sprains. Pediatric patients with acute proximal phalangeal joint sprain experienced a more significant improvement in the reduction of swelling than the group using a splint. Conclusion: This literature review found discrepant evidence to support using KT for edema control in musculoskeletal disorders. Further research is needed to determine the effectiveness of KT for controlling edema following musculoskeletal injuries.