• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.195-202
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• 2007

The normalized difference in incident solar energy between a target surface and a level surface (overheating index, OHI) is useful in eliminating estimation error of site-specific maximum temperature in complex terrain. Due to the complexity in its calculation, however, an empirical proxy variable called northern exposure index (NEI) which combines slope and aspect has been used to estimate OHI based on empirical relationships between the two. An experiment with real-world landscape and temperature data was carried out to evaluate performance of the NEI - derived OHI (N-OHI) in reduction of spatial interpolation error for daily maximum temperature compared with that by the original OHI. We collected daily maximum temperature data from 7 sites in a mountainous watershed with a $149 km^2$ area and a 795m elevation range ($651{\sim}1,445m$) in Pyongchang, Kangwon province. Northern exposure index was calculated for the entire 166,050 grid cells constituting the watershed based on a 30-m digital elevation model. Daily OHI was calculated for the same watershed ana regressed to the variation of NEI. The regression equations were used to estimate N-OHI for 15th of each month. Deviations in daily maximum temperature at 7 sites from those measured at the nearby synoptic station were calculated from June 2006 to February 2007 and regressed to the N-OHI. The same procedure was repeated with the original OHI values. The ratio sum of square errors contributable by the N-OHI were 0.46 (winter), 0.24 (fall), and 0.01 (summer), while those by the original OHI were 0.52, 0.37 and 0.15, respectively.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.571-575
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• 1998

One of the most significant features of diagnostic ultrasonic instruments is to provide real time information of the soft tissues movements. Echocardiogram has been widely used for diagnosis of heart diseases since it is able to show real time images of heart valves and walls. However, the currently used ultrasonic images are deteriorated due to presence of speckle noises and image dropout. Therefore, it is very important to develop a new technique which can enhance ultrasonic images. In this study, a technique which extracts enhanced binary images in echocardiograms was proposed. For this purpose, a digital moving image file was made from analog echocardiogram, then it was stored as 8-bit gray-level for each frame. For an efficient image processing, the region containing the heat septum and tricuspid valve was selected as the region of interest(ROI). Image enhancement filters and morphology filters were used to reduce speckle noises in the images. The proposed procedure in this paper resulted in binary images with enhanced contour compared to those form the conventional threshold technique and original image processing technique which can be further implemented for the quantitative analysis of the left ventricular wall motion in echocardiogram by easy detection of the heart wall contours.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.489-502
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• 2012

Storytelling advertising is one of the most popular ad types in marketing field. However, there has been little attention to storytelling ads in consumer and advertising research. To examine the effectiveness of different types of advertising, this study collected 9 commertial ads, which consisted of 3 advertising types(storytelling, informative, image) ${\times}$ 3 products(digital camera, coffee, health drink). We investigated the differences in emotions after ads and arousal level, as well as the advertising effectiveness among the three types of advertising. Preliminary analysis revealed that the emotions after ads could classified into two distinct emotion types, affective emotions and cognitive emotions, and we used the two emotion types as emotions after ads to simplify the results. The results indicate that the storytelling ads are more effective than the image ads, but this power of storytelling ads may not be found in the comparison with informative ads. It is also found that storytelling ads can help form a more positive attitude for males than for females, whereas image ads can have an more impact on females than males. In addition, it can be proposed that affective emotions after ads may play an important role in the effectiveness of advertising types, but the interaction effects of advertising types and gender may depend on the cognitive emotions after ads.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.527-534
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• 2011

This paper describes an analysis of topographical changes to the Eulsuk-Island at the Nakdong River Estuary using a long-term dataset of high resolution aerial images from 1983 to 2007. Ground control surveying was performed at some feature points using GPS(Global Positioning System) to accomplish AT(Aerial Triangulation) for past aerial images. Even if some still existing feature points appeared on old aerial images were used as GCPs(Ground Control Points) for past aerial images in AT, its accuracy reached at 1m level. Since then, a quantitative analysis of topographical changes was conducted on digital orthophotos produced by a series of aerial images taken by different years. The change volume of total area, construction, vegetation, buildings and roads could be extracted per each period in study area. The total area decreased from 1983 to 1992, but it has not almost changed since 1992. According to the continuous development, the area of vegetation has steadily decreased, while that of buildings and roads has generally increased. The result of this study can provide us with invaluable base data for further topographical change monitoring in Eulsuk-Island and Nakdong River estuary caused by continuous development in this area.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.229-239
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• 2020

This study aims to provide suggestions for effective human resource management at the organization level, by considering the psychological and behavioral attributes of hospital employees. Employees at 4 general hospitals, 5 hospitals, 7 convalescent hospitals, and 7 psychiatric hospitals were surveyed. A three-step model adjustment return analysis was performed using mean centering methods to the moderating effect of organizational performance recognition, for analyzing the relationship between job value and organization value. Assessing the relationship between job value and organization value revealed that awareness of customer response effort and awareness of hospital image has a moderating effect amongst hospital nurses. Considering the administrative employees of hospitals, awareness of customer response effort had negative moderating effect, whereas awareness of hospital image had positive moderating effect. In nurses of convalescent hospitals, awareness of customer response effort had positive moderating effect, but awareness of growth and competitiveness, and awareness of hospital image, had negative moderating effect. Taken together, our results indicate that depending on the hospital type and occupation, the effect of adjustment of organizational performance recognition when considering the relationship between job value and recognition of organization value by hospital employees, is varied.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.5-15
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• 2010

Business corporations have become specialized and on the basis of various interests try to strengthen their competitiveness through a cooperative system of purchase, distribution, service and IT technology. And an advanced Internet-based electronic commerce has witnessed explosive growth and a business-to-business (B2B) electronic commerce. Through E-marketplace. business corporations achieve such diverse utilities as expenditure curtailment, process reduction and prime cost reduction. And with business depression worldwide and soaring prices of materials, many business corporations consider the introduction of comprehensive purchase of MRO (maintenance, repair and operation) materials. The Purpose of this study was to examine the definition of B2B E-marketplace and the utilities of MRO commerce correctly focusing on an empirical analysis of cases of MRO supply and purchase business corporations. The indications acquired from this research results are as follows. Firstly, as for MRO integrated purchase under the characteristics of the market environment, it had to use the supplier obligatorily through the integrated purchase on the level of CEO's decision-making or the group rather than the voluntary will of the purchasing department or the procurement department. Secondly, as for the present B2B E-marketplace MRO purchase, the purchasing agency business has formed the mainstream, but it is aiming at the diversification of the benefit by supplementing/correcting the business model such as category type, mediation business type, MRO-type advancing in the store inclusive of the purchasing agency business, keeping pace with the potential market of MRO. Thirdly, as for analysis of the products, the purchaser wants more various products and assortment of goods than those of the present time, and also to be provided with the precise product information. Especially, as the importance of the product sourcing becomes high, the whole energy has been bestowed on acquirement of the excellent suppliers. Fourth, as for use of B2B E-marketplace MRO integrated purchasing system, there are the purchasing companies complaining the inconvenience even until now, and there is the demerit spending the long time during the image move and the process treatment. It shall try to shorten the searching time and the process treatment time as the system is centered on the purchaser. In order to enhance the efficiency of MRO E-marketplace purchase, followings must be considered: First, because the importance of product sources ever increases, an excellent supplier must be secured earnestly. Second, the time of process must be reduced focusing on purchasers. B2B E-marketplace will increase and diversify electronic commerce continuously. Through MRO E-marketplace, business corporations will reduce expenditure, achieve a transparent and speedy trade, and purchase products of fine quality, thus establishing a most effective market. In addition, in this study the investigator brings focus into MRO which has not been clearly discussed in the academic and business world so far and intensively highlights an indirect material-oriented expenditure curtailment effect. By taking all the aspects of supplier, purchaser and practical economical value into account, the investigator presents a strategic direction for the successful comprehensive purchase of B2B MRO.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.62-72
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to prove the efficacy of the Kaltenborn-Evjenth Orthopedic Manipulative Therapy and the Conventional Physical Therapy that influence changes in pain and range of motion when those therapies are applied to patients with temporomandibular pint movement restriction. The subjects of the study were 30 randomly selected patients who had been diagnosed with temporomandibular pint movement restriction and had endured pain for more than two weeks. These patients had visited one of three hospitals in Pyongchon 00 Hospital. The subjects were divided into two groups with 15 patients each. The Kaltenborn-Evjenth Orthopedic Manipulative Therapy was applied to one group and the Conventional Physical Therapy was applied to the other group, once a day for three days. Then, the pain perception degree was measured by using the Visual Analogue Scale(VAS) and a digital device(Absolute Digimatic) measured the range of motion for each group. The average and standard errors were calculated for each measured items and a paired t-test was used for identifying significance in the differences in the pain perception degree and the range of motion between the two groups according to therapy. The significant level was set as ${\alpha}=0.05$. The changes in the pain perception degree were statistically significant in both groups; however, the group that received Kaltenborn-Evjenth Orthopedic Manipulative Therapy(KE-Group) showed more significant changes in a decrease in the pain perception degree than did the group that received the Conventional Physical Therapy(CPT-Group). Both groups showed significant results regarding changes in the range of motion: however, the KE-Group showed more of a significant difference in the average of the range of motion than did the CPT-Group(p<0.001). Comparing the changes in the range of motion between the two groups, the KE-Group showed a significant result which means that the KE-Group had a higher therapy effect than did the CPT-Group(p<0.05). Based on the results of this study, we found that the Kaltenborn-Evjenth Orthopedic Manipulative Therapy decreased pain and increased the range of motion. With such findings, we expect that the Kartenborn-Evjenth Orthopedic Manipulative Therapy can be used as an effective treatment method for patients with tempomrnandibular pint movement restriction and that the treatment period can be reduced with this therapy as well.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.40
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• pp.423-442
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• 2015

In a digital environment that is keep in change content from smart phones to tablet PC are a social network service is holding deep place in our lives. Social networking applications has building a network and communication with others than other application, it means that Social networking applications are sharing not only personal purpose in that trend of variety and competition of these social networks can be expected to trend and be developed thru analysis of user certification. this study of social network service application is proposed to developing of application thru analyze the two-effective application which is high ranked in google store. the theoretical foundation was set based on the seven elements of the social network service of the information structures designed by Jean Smith. This study proceeded analysis is for the functional elements of Facebook and Instagram, and the advantages and disadvantages through survey research. As a result of the empirical analysis to user of Instagram and face book of communication, identity, satisfaction for the group are equally. Instagram is about the presence, reputation, and Facebook has had a high level of satisfaction for each sharing and relationship. Facebook got high satisfaction from sharing features, but user feel of discomfort in the randomly showing advertising content. Instagram is not showing off advertise on common page of content, it is good point to be complementary to facebook. And, Instagram hashtag is good for convenience, but satisfaction is high with Facebook. in order to increase the satisfaction of Instagram, it is necessary to consider the main advantage of the communication and the functional aspects of the share from facebook.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.207-229
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• 2000

The lack of an understanding of the characteristics of a specific user group in computer-based information systems in libraries hinders library and information science professionals in grasping users' needs and making the best decisions when designing, acquiring, and managing information systems. The objective of this study was to provide information on the characteristics of specific user groups such as male ＆ female student groups. undergraduate ＆ graduate ones, Sciences and Humanities majored ones etc. This study also provides system developers (vendor) and adopters with users' needs and the merits or demerits of a specific system on the basis of students' evaluation. For the purpose, questionnaire was prepared and administered to Korean college students in the city of Taegu, Korea and adjacent area. One hundred and seventeen usable questionnaires were obtained and analyzed. These were analyzed using descriptive, inferential statistics. and SPSS software. The major findings of this study are: (1) Gender of the students affects the preference for the type of OPAC system selected more than that of academic level of study, age, and academic major; (2) The domestic in-house OPAC systems in Korea affect the user preference of system much more than that of foreign package ones; (3) System designers should prepare and use professional terms or abbreviations for system users more carefully, and explain them in detail; (4) Most of users preferred package OPAC systems to in-house ones, and preferred GUI systems to Telnet-based ones. Also, there was a significant difference between them. Conclusions are drawn from the findings in this paper, and recommendations are proposed when designing, adopting, or managing a new system. Topics for future studies on the characteristics of OPAC systems and their user are also suggested.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.3478-3489
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• 2014

Because the increased number of Internet users and the common use of IT technology via the expansion of domestic IT infrastructure have increased the web site use of companies, Internet users have begun to experience a range of online websites. In a digital environment, entrepreneurial companies who have limited resources will require effective management by analyzing the critical factors of the website quality assessment and focusing their resources to seize the market because the website quality built in the company directly affects the satisfaction and purchase activity of the customers. In this study, a total of 523 surveys from the customers visiting online websites of the entrepreneurial companies were collected to analyze the factors between the influencing factors and satisfaction and purchase intention using the ServQual method in the AMOS 18.0 program. This analysis showed that the customers visiting the website are satisfied with the factors of tangibility, reliability and responsiveness of visited websites, and the factor of community, which indicates that the level of customer activity in the web sites is related significantly to the customers' purchase intentions.