• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.219-224
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• 2018

Artemisia annua L. (Compositae) is an annual herb, which has been traditionally used as an antipyretic and hemostatic agent with the herbal medicine name of Cheong Ho (菁蒿) in Korea and China. In this study, five di-caffeoylquinic acid derivatives and a coumarin were determined from the hot-water extract of aerial parts of A. annua. The structures of isolates were elucidated to be 1,3-di-O-caffeoylqunic acid (1), 3,4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (2), 3,5-di-O-caffeoylqiunic acid (3), 1,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (4) and 4,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (5) and scopoletin (6). The presence of 1,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (4) is firstly reported from A. annua in the current study.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.80-87
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• 2010

High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis on the MeOH extract of Ligularia stenocephala leaves identified six caffeoylquinic acids, viz. 3,4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid, 3,5-di-O-caffeoyl-mucoquinic acid, 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid, 4,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid, 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid, and 3-Ocaffeoylquinic acid using standard compounds, and determined the quantity of each extract. Percentage of total caffeoylquinic acids of the MeOH extract and its BuOH fraction were calculated as $67.83{\pm}3.79%$ and $94.52{\pm}1.84%$, respectively. Since the caffeoylquinic acid-rich MeOH extract exhibited a potent peroxynitrite-scavenging effect in vitro ($IC_{50}=0.87{\pm}0.33\;{\mu}g/ml$ (mean $\pm$ SEM)), the experiment was designed to identify whether or not that extract has an anti-obesity effect on rat obesity induced by high fat diet. Oral administration of the MeOH extract and its BuOH fraction abundant in caffeoylquinic acid decreased the rat body weight to the level of untreated group and decreased abdominal fat pad weight. The atherogenic index and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBARS) values were restored by treatment, indicating that the caffeoylquinic acid-rich extract probably inhibited hyperlipidemia and oxidative stress caused by high fat diet. These results suggest that L. stenocephala in vegetable form or its caffeoylquinic acid-rich fraction (BuOH fraction) as an agent can be used for treatment or prevention of obesity.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.20-25
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• 2016

Five caffeoylquinic acids of Aster altaicus var. uchiyamae Kitamura (Compositae) leaves were identified using standard compounds by HPLC and determined as follows: 3,4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (4.92 ± 0.06 ㎎/g dried weight), 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (3.95 ± 0.13 ㎎/g), 4,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (1.39 ± 0.10 ㎎/g), 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid (chlorogenic acid, 8.05 ± 0.21 ㎎/g), 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid (4.97 ± 0.18 ㎎/g). The total content of five caffeoylquinic acids were calculated as 26.73 ± 0.26 ㎎/g dried weight while the percentage of the five compounds in the MeOH extract was calculated as 25.22 ± 0.25%. The IC₅₀ value of the MeOH extract scavenging peroxynitrite (ONOO⁻) was shown as 5.16 ± 0.15 ㎍/㎖.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.365-369
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• 2009

Six caffeoylquinic acids of Cacalia firma (Komarov) Nakai (Compositae) leaves were identified using standard compounds by HPLC. Each content of those compounds in dried weight was determined as follows: 3,4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (1.44${\pm}$0.04 mg/g of dried weight), 3,5-di-O-caffeoyl-muce-quinic acid (2.47${\pm}$0.12 mg/g), 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (3.74${\pm}$0.24 mg/g), 5-caffeoylquinic acid (chlorogenic acid, 5.20${\pm}$0.09 mg/g), 3-caffeoylquinic acid (1.35${\pm}$0.01 mg/g) and 3-Op-coumaroylquinic acid (3.84${\pm}$0.25 mg/g). The total content of six caffeoylquinic acids in the plant material was calculated as 18.05${\pm}$0.69 mg/g while the percentage of the six compounds in the MeOH extract was calculated as 30.85${\pm}$1.18%. The $IC_{50}$ value of the MeOH extract scavenging peroxynitrite ($ONOO^-$) was shown as 3.22${\pm}$0.57 ${\mu}g$/ml.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.107-112
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• 2008

The six phenolic compounds isolated from the root of Dipsacus asper, 3,4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (1), methyl 3,4-di-O-caffeoyl quinate (2), 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (3), methyl 3,5-di-O-caffeoyl quinate (4), 4-5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (5), methyl 4,5-di-O-caffeoyl quinate (6) were continuously evaluated for their antioxidant activity using superoxide radical scavenging and AAPH-mediated (LDL) oxidation assay. The results demonstrated that compounds 1 - 6 had remarkable antioxidant activities with the $IC_50$ values ranging from 12.0 to $2.8{\mu}M$ in superoxide radical scavenging. They also inhibited AAPH-mediated low-density lipoprotein LDL oxidation by the generation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) with $IC_50$ ranging from 6.7 to $8.7{\mu}M$.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.334-340
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• 2019

Cuscuta chinensis Lam. and Cuscuta japonica Choisy are parasitic plants. C. chinensis seeds were traditionally used for treatment of kidney and liver deficiencies. C. japonica seeds were used as tonic medicine to improve liver function and strengthen kidneys, treatment of high blood pressure, chronic diarrhea, and sore eyes. Cuscutae Semen are seeds of only C. chinensis in Korean Herbal Pharmacopoeia (K.H.P.). The developed HPLC-PDA method easily, accurately, and sensitively quantified using eight marker compounds [hyperoside (1), astragalin, (2), quercetin (3), kaempferol (4), chlorogenic acid (5), 3,4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (6), 1,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (7), and 4,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (8)]. In addition, the method may be used to distinguish seeds between C. chinensis Lam. and C. japonica Choisy. Furthermore, the result from the current study was applied to clarify samples between steam processed and unprocessed samples of C. chinensis by pattern analysis.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.53-58
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• 2011

Activity-guided isolation from an ethylacetate-soluble fraction of a 70% (v/v) ethanolic extract from the roots of Taraxacum ohwianum, using a pancreatic lipase inhibition assay, resulted in isolation and identification of five phenolic metabolites of previously known structure; these were 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid, chicoric acid, caffeic acid, protocatechuic aldehyde, and luteolin. All structures were confirmed by NMR and MS scpectroscopic data. Of these compounds 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid exhibited the most potent inhibitory activity, with $IC_{50}$ of $65.1{\pm}0.7\;{\mu}M$ against pancreatic lipase.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.52 no.5
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• pp.476-481
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• 2020

This study investigated the antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of Ainsliaea acerifolia water extract (AAWE) on HepG2 cells. Five types of caffeoylquinic acid (CQA) were detected in AAWE, namely, 4,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (4,5-DCQA; 11.16 mg/g), 3,4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (3,4-DCQA; 5.23 mg/g), 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid (5-CQA; 4.88 mg/g), 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (3,5-DCQA; 3.51 mg/g), and 4-O-caffeoylquinic acid (4-CQA; 3.31 mg/g). AAWE exerted ABTS⁺ antioxidant effects, evidenced by polyphenol content and 2,2'2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH radical scavenging) activities. AAWE (300 ㎍/mL) treatment significantly decreased the activities of gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), aspartate transaminase (AST), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) as compared to control and exerted protective effects against the increase in liver function index induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/galactosamine (D-GalN) in HepG2 cells. In addition, the secretion of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α by HepG2 cells induced by LPS/D-GalN significantly increased in all treatment groups compared to that in the control. However, AAWE (100-300 ㎍/mL) treatment significantly decreased the secretion of TNF-α compared to that in the control. These results suggest that AAWE treatment reduces hepatotoxicity by increasing antioxidant activities, reducing GGT, AST, and LDH activities, and inhibiting TNF-α secretion.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.302-307
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• 2012

The herb of Artemisia capillaris in Chinese medicine is used to treat hepatic diseases. In this research, qualitative analysis was performed using a UPLC/Q-TOF-ESI-MS/MS method for rapid identification of phenolic substances from A. capillaris: three caffeoylquinic acids (chlorogenic acid, 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid, and 4,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid), three flavonoids (hyperoside, isorhamnetin 3-O-robinobioside and quercetin) and three prenylated coumarins (6,8-diprenylumbelliferone, cedrelopsin and osthol) were identified. The three prenylated coumarins have not been reported from A. capillaris.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.63-72
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• 2018

The aim of this study was to investigate bioactive compounds from three domestic tomato varieties (Rafito, Momotaro TY Winner, and Medison). Lycopene, ${\beta}-carotene$ and polyphenols were quantified and identified using HPLC and LC-MS/MS. The levels of lycopene ranged from 28.36 mg/100 g to 60.18 mg/100 g. The content of ${\beta}-Carotene$ ranged from 2.00 mg/100 g to 2.92 mg/100 g. Ten kinds of polyphenol compounds were identified: caffeic acid-hexose isomer (I), caffeic acid-hexose isomer (II), 3-caffeoylquinic acid, 5-caffeoylquinic acid, caffeoylquinic acid isomer, quercetin-3-apiosylrutinoside, quercetin-3-rutinoside, di-caffeoylquinic acid, tri-caffeoylquinic acid, and naringenin chalcone. The level of 5-caffeoylquinic acid was the highest in domestic tomato varieties, ranging from 12.71 mg/100 g to 28.40 mg/100 g. The content of quercetin-3-rutinoside ranged from 3.74 mg/100 g to 17.64 mg/100 g. The contents of 3-caffeoylquinic acid and quercetin-3-apiosylrutinoside were 1.01~2.31 mg/100 g and 5.84~6.83 mg/100 g, respectively. Arrestingly naringenin chalcone was found only in Medison variety (36.82 mg/100 g). These results revealed that domestic tomato can be a good source of bioactive compounds for human health.