• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
• /
• 제22권1호
• /
• pp.95-102
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this study was to examine the development of detailed description for drawing houses according to the shapes of lines, and dimensions of space from 4 to 5 years-old children. Participants were 76 children from a daycare center in Busan, Korea. Each child was asked to draw 4 different houses according to the shapes of lines and dimensions of space, such as: straight lines and 2-dimensional pictures straight lines and 3-dimensional Models, curved lines and 2-dimensional pictures and curved lines and 3-dimensional models. The children's drawings were scored based on a "detailed description rating table" which consisted of 10 items. Summarizing the overall results, first, 5 year-olds scored significantly higher than 4 year-olds in the detailed description of 4 different house models. Second, the houses with straight lines scored significantly higher than those with curved lines in the detailed description. Third, there were no significant differences between 2-dimensional houses and those of 3-dimensional models in the detailed description. These results suggest that the detailed description of young children's drawing is developed as children grow older, and drawing with straight lines are earlier developed than curved lined drawings.

• 한국산학기술학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국산학기술학회 2003년도 Proceeding
• /
• pp.45-49
• /
• 2003

GDS (Grating automatic Drawing System), which is automatic design system of metal products called grating, is a system that produces various detailed drawings on the basis of information within a Plan Drawing that represents layout of the gratings such as locations, shapes, directions, etc However, automatically produced drawings by GDS do not fully satisfy the standard of the general dimension marking method used among the layout designers. The lack of this standard quality mainly results from the fact that overlapping among dimension markings appears frequently. To solve the overlapping problem we applied the rule-based expert system. The rules for the expert system are designed based on the expertise of skilled layout designers within the grating production lines.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.30-40
• /
• 2015

건설 프로젝트에서 2차원 도면은 참여자들간의 의사소통 도구로 활용되고 있으나, 전문적인 표기 방식으로 인해 도면에 경험이 많은 전문가를 제외한 다른 참여자들이 쉽게 도면의 정보를 파악하기 어렵다. 이러한 점을 극복하기 위해 본 연구에서는 증강현실 및 4D CAD 기술을 접목한 새로운 도면을 제시하고자 한다. 제시된 도면에서는 사용자가 기존의 2차원 도면 위를 웹카메라와 같은 장비로 관찰할 때 3차원 구조물을 증강시켜 자재에 대한 상세 정보 및 시공 시뮬레이션을 할 수 있다. 이 도면을 통해 기존의 도면에 익숙한 건설 프로젝트 참여자 및 경험이 적은 참여자들과의 의사소통에 오류를 줄여줄 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. 관련분야 대학생들을 대상으로 한 설문조사를 통해 개발한 도면의 유용성을 검증하였다. 설문조사 결과, 기존의 2차원 도면 대비 개발한 도면의 유용성이 자재 정보, 시공 과정, 3차원 구조의 이해 등에서 매우 크게 나타났다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제17권10호
• /
• pp.54-60
• /
• 2016

BIM은 단일모델을 이용해 다양한 시나리오로 활용 가능하다는 이점이 있다. BIM 모델을 통해 2D 도면을 자동으로 추출하는 점도 그 중의 하나이나, 이를 실무에서 그대로 활용하기에는 현실적으로 어려움이 따른다. 건축 상세도면은 실내재료 마감 및 복잡한 시공방법을 표현할 뿐 아니라 공사비 산정에 있어 매우 중요한 요소이다. 하지만 이를 BIM 환경에서 표현하는 공통적인 규칙이나 약속이 없고, 설계사별로 같은 의미의 상세도면을 각기 다른 형태로 보유하고 있어 건설산업차원에서의 정보공유 및 교환을 어렵게 한다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 건축 상세도면의 BIM 활용을 위해 부분상세 정보를 체계화하는 방법을 제시하고, BIM 라이브러리와 어떻게 연계되어 수량 및 공사비 산정의 기초자료로 활용되는지 파악한다. 본 연구는 건축 설계자가 설계 업무 진행시 BIM 라이브러리를 통하여 부분상세정보를 확인하고 단가정보, 자재정보 등과 연계되어 수량 및 공사비를 산출하는데 활용될 수 있다. 또한 BIM 라이브러리-기술콘텐츠 연계기술로 인해 BIM기반의 설계효율과 프로세스를 개선해 중소설계사무소의 효율적인 BIM 활용에 도움이 될 것이다.

• Advances in Computational Design
• /
• 제4권2호
• /
• pp.155-177
• /
• 2019

Operation and Maintenance (O&M) phase is the main contributor to the total lifecycle cost of a building. Previous studies have described that Building Information Models (BIM), if available with detailed asset information and their properties, can enable rapid troubleshooting and execution of O&M tasks by providing the required information of the facility. Despite the potential benefits, there is still rarely BIM with Mechanical, Electrical and Plumbing (MEP) assets and properties that are available for O&M. BIM is usually not in possession for existing buildings and generating BIM manually is a time-consuming process. Hence, there is a need for an automated approach that can reconstruct the MEP systems in BIM. Previous studies investigated automatic reconstruction of BIM using architectural drawings, structural drawings, or the combination with photos. But most of the previous studies are limited to reconstruct the architectural and structural components. Note that mechanical components in the building typically require more frequent maintenance than architectural or structural components. However, the building mechanical drawings are relatively more complex due to various type of symbols that are used to represent the mechanical systems. In order to address this challenge, this paper proposed a symbol recognition framework that can automatically recognize the different type of symbols in the building mechanical drawings. This study applied vector-based computer vision techniques to recognize the symbols and their properties (e.g., location, type, etc.) in two vector-based input documents: 2D drawings and the symbol description document. The framework not only enables recognizing and locating the mechanical component of interest for BIM reconstruction purpose but opens the possibility of merging the updated information into the current BIM in the future reducing the time of repeated manual creation of BIM after every renovation project.

• 한국공간구조학회논문집
• /
• 제21권3호
• /
• pp.51-60
• /
• 2021

As earthquakes continue to occur in Korea in recent years, seismic evaluation and retrofit of existing school buildings have been carried out. Many domestic school buildings were built using or referring to standard drawings. Therefore, if the overall structural characteristics of a school building can be known first based on standard drawings, it can be provided as valuable data for detailed seismic evaluation. For this reason, this study investigated the weak structural components and failure modes by comparing the strength of beams, columns, and joints constituting standard school buildings constructed in the 1980s. The evaluation was performed for different types of standard drawings and different material strengths. The results showed that the joint was mainly the weakest due to the eccentricity, and the failure modes were partially changed depending on the material strength.

• 한국복합재료학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국복합재료학회 2003년도 추계학술발표대회 논문집
• /
• pp.123-126
• /
• 2003

This paper describes the development procedure for Tail-Fan system which has the role of anti-torque and yaw control in helicopter. A detailed design of Tail-Fan system was done and structural analysis also was done. After finishing detailed design, Detailed drawings were generated for manufacture. Through detailed design and manufacture, required techniques were achieved for helicopter development. After validation through performance and stability test, acquired techniques will be applied to development of Korea Multi-role Helicopter(KMH) which will be launched

• 역사민속학
• /
• 제28호
• /
• pp.113-142
• /
• 2008

본고는 옥소 권섭의 문집인 "옥소고"에 실린 몽화와 관련한 자료를 검토함으로써 선행연구의 잘못을 바로잡고 몽화의 제작과 관련된 제반 문제를 이해하는 데에 목적을 두었다. 그 내용을 요약하면 다음과 같다. 먼저 몽화의 현황을 살펴보면 몽화는 옥소의 필사본 문집인 "옥소고" 중 제천본에 56점, 문경본에 47점이 실려 있다. 그리고 몽화에 기록된 꿈은 옥소의 나이 50대 후반부터 70대 사이에 집중되어 있다. 그리고 몽화는 평양 출신의 화가인 조세걸과 권섭의 아우인 권영, 권섭의 손자인 권신응 등 최소 3인 이상이 그린 것으로 보인다. 이중 조세걸은 1695년에 해도별서<(海島別墅)>를 그렸으며, 권영은 1696년의 꿈인 백옥계<(白玉溪)>를 그리는 것으로부터 시작하여 1743년까지 계속하여 몽화를 그렸다. 그리고 권신응은 1743년, 16세의 나이에 몽화를 그리기 시작하였다. 기승첩(奇勝帖), 혹은 몽화첩의 제작은 다음과 같은 방식으로 이루어졌다. 먼저 꿈을 꾼 뒤에는 옥소가 그 꿈을 글이나 시로 기록한다. 그리고 이를 가지고 꿈속에서 같이 놀았던 사람에게 화답시를 얻는다. 마지막으로 화가를 시켜 꿈 속 광경을 그리게 한 뒤, 글과 그림을 엮어 그림첩으로 만든다.

• 한국공간구조학회논문집
• /
• 제22권3호
• /
• pp.57-64
• /
• 2022

As earthquakes have increased in Korea recently, people are paying attention to the seismic performance of buildings built in the past. Many school buildings in Korea were built based on standard drawings before the seismic design was applied. However, since school buildings are often designated as emergency evacuation facilities in case of disasters such as earthquakes, seismic evaluation and retrofit must be done quickly. This study investigated the failure modes among structural components (beams, columns, and joints), focusing on 1980s standard drawings for school buildings. The effects of column axial force, partial masonry infills, and different material strengths for concrete and rebar were considered for detailed evaluation. As a result, most of the joints were found to be the weakest among structural components. Column axial forces tended to make the joints more vulnerable, and partial masonry infills increased the possibility of joint failure and shear failure in columns.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
• /
• 제41권2호
• /
• pp.141-147
• /
• 2016

Background: A project for building a neutron time-of-flight (nTOF) facility is progressing. We expect that the construction will start in early 2016. Before that, a detailed simulation based on the current architectural drawings was performed to optimize the performance of our facility. Materials and Methods: Currently, several parts had been modified or changed from the original design to reflect requirements such as the layout of the electron beam line, shape of the vacuum chamber producing a neutron beam, and the underground layout of the nTOF facility. Detailed analysis for these modifications has been done with MCNP simulation. Results and Discussion: An overview of our photo-neutron source and KAERI nTOF facility were introduced. The numerical simulations for heat deposition, source term, and radiation shielding of KAERI nTOF facility were performed and the results are discussed. Conclusion: We are expecting that the construction of the KAERI nTOF facility will start in early 2016, and these results will be used as basic data.