• 가정∙방문간호학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.330-343
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• 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to describe the meaning of marriage and childbirth among Korean female university students living in the United States, who are influenced both by Korean culture at home and American culture in social contexts. Methods: This qualitative study used phenomenological approaches. Data were collected through individual in-depth interviews with five Korean female university students living in the United States. Data were analyzed using Colaizzi's method to derive the meaning of marriage and childbirth. Results: From the data, 239 meaningful statements, 49 meaning formations, 22 themes, and 12 theme clusters were extracted. Additionally, five major categories emerged. These categories were 1) marriage as an opportunity for self-growth, 2) the mirror of life: parents, 3) oneself who cannot give up, 4) a desire to live a stable life, and 5) ambivalence on the culture of two countries. Conclusion: To improve the positive meaning of marriage and childbirth, a positive role model such as a happy married life of parents at home must be ensured. Finally, institutional strategies should be established to support the balance between home and work, as well as various policies which support women's pregnancy and childbirth.

• 만화애니메이션 연구
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• 통권37호
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• pp.287-306
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• 2014

사람의 마음에는 본인이 알고 있는 '의식 있는 부분'과, 분명하게 의식되지 않은 부분, 즉 '무의식의 부분'이 있다. 자아란 의식과 무의식 모두를 지칭한다. 자아의 성장이란 무의식이 지닌 잠재된 욕구와 저항들을 본인 스스로 올바로 마주하며, 의식과 함께 조화로운 균형과 통합을 유지하는 능력이다. 그런 면에서 캐릭터의 무의식에 대한 탐구는 내적심리를 통한 원래의 자아의 모습을 조망하고 변화와 성장하는 모습을 파악할 수 있는 중요한 방법이다. 비교 분석 대상인 두 작품 <센과 치히로의 행방불명>과 <코렐라인>에서 주인공과 관련된 내외적 요소들은 상당부분 유사하다. 평소 부모의 영향력 안에 머물던 두 소녀 주인공은 부모의 갑작스런 사라짐과 함께 새롭고 낯선 환경을 맞게 된다. 둘은 모두 그 곳에서의 모순되고 불합리한 상황들에 저항하며 모든 것을 다시 제자리로 되돌리고자 험난한 모험을 수행한다. 흥미롭게도 두 인물은 유사한 무의식적 특징을 하고 있지만, 인물이 겪게 되는 여정과 자세, 내적자아의 변화는 서로 다른 경로를 선택하고 있다. 본 연구는, 두 주인공이 지니는 무의식의 구체적 근원과 행동요소들의 분석과 역할, 그리고 작품전체에 미치는 영향들에 대한 비교분석연구이다. 그 결과는 캐릭터 구축에 필요한 요소로 적용되며, 캐릭터의 무의식적 심리에 가장 잘 부합하는 상황과 사건을 연계하여 이야기의 개연성과 설득력을 높일 수 있다는 본 연구의 가설을 입증하게 된다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제27권12호
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• pp.1515-1522
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• 2017

대부분의 사람은 오래 살기를 원한다. 고대 중국과 한국의 신화에 동방삭이라는 인물이 일만 팔천 년을 살았다고 전해진다. 현실 세계에서는 WHO의 보고에 따르면 사람의 평균수명이 1960년대에 50세에서 2016년에는 75-85세로 25~35세가 늘었다. 두 마리의 실험 동물을 외과적 수술을 통해 병렬로 결합하여 두 동물의 순환계(혈액)이 서로 연결되게 하는 개체병렬결합(parabiosis) 실험모델이 1860년도에 개발된 이래 이 방법은 in vivo에서 한 개체가 다른 개체에게 어떤 영향을 미칠 수 있는가에 대한 연구를 위한 강력한 실험 모델이 되어 왔다. 여러 가지 실험조건의 연구 중에서도 개체병렬결합모델은 노화의 진행을 역행하는 현상을 조사하는 연구에서 필수적인 모델이 되고 있다. 본 총설에서는 개체병렬결합모델의 탄생과 이로 인한 중요한 발견을 시간대에 따라 소개하며, 아직은 확정적이지는 않지만 젊은 쥐와 늙은 쥐의 순환계를 연결시킨 이 모델을 사용하여 노화의 진행을 역행시킬 수 있는 "젊음의 인자"인 growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11)을 발견한 연구 결과에 대해 서술하고자 한다. 지금까지 밝혀지고 있는 여러 조건에서의 연구결과가 증명하였듯이 개체병렬결합모델은 향후 다양한 생리적 현상을 규명하는데 더욱 중요한 실험모델이 될 것으로 예상된다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.113-125
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• 1969

These experiments were designed to study the influence of early protein undernutrition on growth, behaviors toward food, general attitude toward a new environment, brain size and body composition of the experimental rats. The following experimental groups were studied. Lactation period (3 weeks) (Diets of mother rats) 25% Casein diet 12% Casein diet 25% Casein diet 25% Casein diet 12% Casein diet 12% Casein diet After-weaning protein deprivation period None deprivation (25% Casein diet) None deprivation (25% Casein diet) 5% Casein diet (4 weeks) 5% Casein diet (8 weeks) 5% Casein diet (4 weeks) 5% Casein diet (8 weeks) After a long period of rehabilitation with 25% casein diet the following results were obtained. 1. Growth rate during lactation period is closely related with the protein levels of the diet for mother rats. The average body weight of offsprings of the mother rat fed 25% casein diet is 46.0 grams at 21 days old. However, that of the mother rat fed 12% casein diet is only 25.0 grams. 2. The group of protein undernutrition during lactation (S weeks) (offsprings of mother rat fed low protein diet, 12% casein diet) could never catch up with the normal group in its growth even after twenty-four (24) weeks of rehabilitation. 3. However, the groups of protein undernutrition during either four (4) or even eight (8) weeks after weaning could catch up with the normal group in their growth after long period of rehabilitation. 4. The absolute amounts of carcass protein and fat of the normal group are larger than those of the protein deficient groups. In terms of percent carcass, however, the normal group showed higher body fat and lower body protein than the early deficient groups. However, there is no difference between preweaning (3 weeks) and postweaning (8 weeks) deficient groups. It is assumed, from these differences in body composition, that there might be any differences in physiological and metabolic functions among these various groups, and also that the basic formation of various metabolic regulators (protein-nature) might be fixed mostly during lactation and postweaning period. 5. The groups of protein undernutrition during either three (3) weeks lactation or four (4) weeks after weaning are not so remarkably different from the normal group in their amounts of food intake and spillage. However, the groups of undernutrition during either eight (8) weeks postweaning or eleven (11) weeks (3 weeks lactation period plus 8 weeks postweaning period) showed higher amounts of food intake and spillage. In these respects, it seems that desire for food is closely related with the degree of early hunger in protein and also seems that the longer be deficient in early life the more food spillage is found. 6. Both preweaning and postweaning deficient groups showed generally nervous and restless. The normal group is staid and showed less mobilities. 7. The average size of the brains of the group subjected to protein deficiency during three (3) weeks lactation period is smaller than that of the group of the eight (8) weeks postweaning deficiency. This means that the development of the brain is made mostly during lactation period. The group of the eleven (11) weeks postnatal deficiency is significantly different from the normal group in its brain development. It is assumed, in connection with the results of various maze tests reported, that the brain size is closely related with the intellectual ability.

• 한국HCI학회논문지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.39-47
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• 2008

최근 몇 년 사이 중국의 경제가 발전함에 따라 소득의 증가로 인해 모바일폰이 급속하게 대중화되면서 더 좋은 제품을 사고자 하는 욕망이 중국 소비자들로 하여금 디자인에 큰 관심을 보이게 만들었다. 또한 세계화로 인한 다량의 문화적 홍수 속에서 중국 소비자들은 예전의 획일화된 제품보다는 자신이 좋아하는 제품을 선호하는 개인화로 이어진다. 이러한 경향은 개성적인 멀티 컬러 모바일폰과 모바일폰 디자인의 아트화로 이어졌다. 그에 반해 아직 중국 모바일폰 디자인 시장은 미성숙 됐고 identity 부족과 디자인 모방의 문제점 등이 있다. 이 연구에서는 전통 요소를 사용하여 특징 있는 모바일폰 디자인의 개발과 문화아이덴티티와 궁극적으로는 중국전통 요소를 가지고 있는 퍼스널아이덴티티를 잘 혼합한 중국의 모바일폰 디자인 아이덴티티의 구축에 목적을 두고 있다. 본 연구방법으로 전통문양, 색채 등 전통요소를 살펴보고 동시에 핸드폰 디자인의 발전과정과 특징을 알아봤고 전통패턴을 활용한 모바일폰 에니메이션을 연구하고 모바일폰 디자인을 개발하였다. 중국의 전통과 이미지의 특징을 활용한 문양을 사용함으로써 전통적이면서도 가장 중국의 특징이 있는 세계적인 디자인의 개발이 가능하다. 중국 전통문양을 활용한 디자인이 부족한 실정이며 전통 문양을 사용함에 따라 모바일폰 디자인이 훨씬 더 다양하고 개성적으로 될 수 있다. 색 또한 한 가지 색만 사용하는 것이 아닌 멀티컬러를 사용할 수 있으며 이러한 디자인 사례는 시크한 이미지를 보여주며 장식적인 효과가 크다. 본 연구자는 향후에 중국적인 특징의 문양뿐만 아니라 한국, 일본의 특징 있는 문양을 활용하여 모바일폰 디자인을 개발하고자 하며 다양한 문양을 사용하여 모바일폰 브랜드를 개발하고자 한다. 또한 모바일폰 내장의 영상 애니메이션을 개발하고 싶다.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.388-397
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• 2018

Background: The study analyzes penalties imposed on organizations for breaching safety and health regulations. The research questions are as follows: what are the commonly breached safety and health regulations? How proportional are penalties imposed on organizations for breaching health and safety regulations in the United Kingdom? Methods: The study employed sequential explanatory mixed research strategies for better understanding of health and safety penalties imposed on organizations. Actual health and safety convictions and penalties data for 10 years (2006 to 2016) were obtained through the United Kingdom Health and Safety Executive (HSE) public register for convictions. Overall, 2,217 health and safety cases were analyzed amounting to total fines of £37,179,916, in addition to other wide-ranging penalties. For thorough understanding, eight interviews were conducted with industry practitioners, lawyers, and HSE officials as part of the study qualitative data. Results: Findings show that the Health and Safety at Work (HSW) Act accounted for 46% of all HSE prosecution cases in the last decade. This is nearly half of the total safety and health at work prosecutions. Moreover, there is widespread desire for organizations to comply with the HSW Act, but route fines are seen as burdensome and inimical to business growth. Conclusion: A key deduction from the study reveal significant disproportionality concerning penalties imposed on organizations for breaching safety and health regulations. On aggregate, small companies tend to pay more for health and safety offenses in a ratio of 1:2 compared to large companies. The study also reveals that the HSW Act accounted for nearly half of the total safety and health at work prosecutions in the last decade.

• 한국항만경제학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.1-22
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• 2020

전 세계 컨테이너 터미널 시장은 향후에도 물동량 증가세가 지속될 것으로 전망하고 있다. 드류리(Drewry)에 따르면, 2017년 글로벌 컨테이너 물동량은 전년대비 6.3% 증가한 7.5억TEU를 기록했으며, 2022년 9.3억TEU으로 지속적으로 증가할 것으로 전망하고 있다. 한편, IHS Markit에 따르면, 글로벌 터미널 운영사(GTO) 시장은 매년 10% 이상 성장하여 2017년에는 24억 달러에서 2022년에는 30억 달러를 초과할 것으로 전망하고 있다. 그러나 우리나라의 경우, GTO는 현대상선이 유일한 실정이다. 특히 국내 수출입물동량의 증가세 둔화, 미·중 무역마찰로 인한 컨테이너 시장의 환경변화, 한·일 무역마찰로 인한 컨테이너 물동량의 변화가증성 등 대내외적으로 해운·항만시장은 급격한 변화를 맞이하고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 지속적으로 성장하는 GTO 시장에 국내 기업이 참여할 수 있는 방안을 제시하고자 한다. 우선 전세계 GTO 시장의 현황을 분석한 후에, 항만공사 및 한국해양진흥공사를 통한 GTO 설립방안을 모색하고자 하였다. 이에 4가지 유형의 설립방안을 제시하고, GTO 설립을 위한 관련 법제도의 개선방안을 제시하였다.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.180-196
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• 2007

This study aims at analyzing the potential of leports-fishing for improving fishing household income. Leports-fishing is a composite concept which is combined with those of leisure, sports and fishing. Korean on-shore resources have also a composite characteristic. The properties of the east, west and south coastal waters are quite different in geography, biology and ecology. There is a array of leports-fishing development potentials of utilizing their characteristics. At present, angling forms a main activity of leports-fishing, but coastal seas would be an emerging space for the public. In order for them to be a ground of fun, enjoyment and festivals, it would be necessary to supply a wide range of activities and facilities including angling, scuba diving, fish barbecue, ecological experience, fishing experience, cruise, and so forth. As seen in the survey results, the participants have strong desire for fun and enjoyment through leports-fishing activities. The proportion of people participating in one or two times a year amounts to 40 percent. Most coastal places visited are close to medium/large cities and two-days leports-fishing/tourism accounts for some 77 percent. However, it turned out that conflicts between leports-fishing participants and fishermen are not serious. The results of expenditure function estimation appear that the elasticity of per capita income is very high with 1.2660 and that there are negative relationships between leports-fishing expenditure and transportation/food/lodging costs. Assuming the annual national economic growth rate of 4 percent, it is anticipated that Korean leports-fishing population will increase to 3.18 million in 2010 and 4.07 million in 2015. Korean leports-fishing market potential in 2015, which is calculated based on per capita expenditure on leports-fishing, appears to amount to 1,400 billion won~1,600 billion won. The contribution of such market potential to the fishing households is expected to be 62.3~74.2 percent(934.5 billion won~111.3 billion won).

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.793-799
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• 2015

The market sales of premium ice cream have paralleled the growth in consumer desire for rich flavor and taste. Storage temperature is a major consideration in preserving the quality attributes of premium ice cream products for both the manufacturer and retailers during prolonged storage. We investigated the effect of storage temperature (−18℃, −30℃, −50℃, and −70℃) and storage times, up to 52 wk, on the quality attributes of premium ice cream. Quality attributes tested included ice crystal size, air cell size, melting resistance, and color. Ice crystal size increased from 40.3 µm to 100.1 µm after 52 wk of storage at −18℃. When ice cream samples were stored at −50℃ or −70℃, ice crystal size slightly increased from 40.3 µm to 57-58 µm. Initial air cell size increased from 37.1 µm to 87.7 µm after storage at −18℃ for 52 wk. However, for storage temperatures of −50℃ and −70℃, air cell size increased only slightly from 37.1 µm to 46-47 µm. Low storage temperature (−50℃ and −70℃) resulted in better melt resistance and minimized color changes in comparison to high temperature storage (−18℃ and −30℃). In our study, quality changes in premium ice cream were gradually minimized according to decrease in storage temperature up to−50℃. No significant beneficial effect of −70℃ storage was found in quality attributes. In the scope of our experiment, we recommend a storage temperature of −50℃ to preserve the quality attributes of premium ice cream.

• 한국수산경영학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수산경영학회 2007년도 춘계학술발표회 및 심포지엄
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• pp.133-158
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• 2007

This study aims at analyzing the potential of leports-fishing for improving fishing household income. Leports-fishing is a composite concept which is combined with those of leisure, sports and fishing. Korean on-shore resources have also a composite characteristic. The characteristics of the east, west and south coastal waters are quite different in geography, biology and ecology. There is a array of leports-fishing development potentials of utilizing their characteristics. At present, angling forms a main activity of leports-fishing, but coastal seas would be an emerging space for the public. In order for them to be a ground of fun, enjoyment and festivals, there would be necessary to supply a wide range of activities including angling, scuba diving, fish barbecue, ecological experience, fishing experience, cruise, and so forth. As seen in the survey results, the participants have strong desire for fun and enjoyment through leports-fishing activities. The proportion of people participating in one or two times a year amounts to 40 percent. Most coastal places visited are close to medium/large cities and two-days leports-fishing/ tourism accounts for some 77 percent. However, it is shown that conflicts between leports-fishing participants and fishermen are not serious. The results of expenditure function estimation appear that the elasticity of per capita income is very high with 1.2660 and that there are negative relationships between leports-fishing expenditure and transportation/food/lodging costs. Assuming the economic growth rate of 4 percent, it is anticipated that Korean leports-fishing population will increase to 3.18 million in 2010 and 4.07 million in 2015. Korean leports-fishing market potential in 2015, which is calculated based on per capita expenditure on leports-fishing appeared to be 1,400 billion won$\sim$1,600 billion won. The contribution of such market potential is expected to be 62.3$\sim$74.2 percent(934.5 billion won$\sim$111.3 billion won) to the fishing households.