• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.153-173
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• 2011

Purpose: This study was conducted to analyze trends in research papers published in the Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing, and to compare and contrast similarities and differences of papers before and after listing in the Korea Citation Index (KCI) in 2007. Methods: A descriptive study was conducted with 266 published studies during the 10-year period. The criteria for analysis included types of research, characteristics of researchers and participants, designs, data collection methods and study instruments, ethical considerations, data analysis, and keywords. Results: Studies conducted with grants constituted 23.7%, and students (32.3%) and general populations (25.2%) comprised the largest proportion of the study participants. The majority of the papers were quantitative research (93.2%), and self-reported methods (63.1%) were most frequently utilized. Seventy percent of the studies obtained verbal consent from the participants. Among the study instruments, psychosocial indicators (41.1%) were most frequently employed. The trends indicated that grant studies, students and general populations as study participants, and experimental studies increased, and use of written consent increased after KCI registration. Conclusions: The results could be used to understand the context of scientific research and to improve the quality of the research papers published in the Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.47-57
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• 1994

The purpose of this study was to examine nurses’ perceptions of medication treatment for psychiatric patients and to compare these perceptions with the perceptions held by the patients. The methodology used in this study was a descriptive design with semi-structured and open-ended interviews. This study used a convenience sample of 112 nurses who worked in, and 209 patients who were under psychiatric treatment, in four hospitals attached to a university and one national mental hospital in the city of Seoul. The collected data were analyzed by SAS, using percentages for descriptive purposes, and t-test or x$^2$ for comparing the variables. The results were as follows : 1. There was no significant differences between nurses’ and patients’ perceptions on the extent to which patients complied with their medication treatment. Generally speaking, the mean compliance scores for both nurses and patients was high(nurse : (equation omitted)=3.70, Patient : (equation omitted)=3.76). 2. There was a significant difference in nurses’ and patients’ perceptions on the reasons why patients do not take medication. The nurse group indicated that the patients did not take medication because of the “worry about side effects or habituation(49.53%)”, “boredom from long-term use of medication(26.17%)” and “distrust toward medical staff(12.15% )”, but the patient group indicated that they “did not want to be dependent on medication (25%)”, “forgot to take medication(19.7%) and “worried about side effects or habituation(15.91%). 3. As for the necessity of medication, both groups showed some different responses. Even though both groups were aware of the necessity of taking medication, the patient group(21.53%) showed a more negative response. As (or the effects of medication, both groups (nurses and patients ) showed positive responses. However, the nurse group showed a higher positive response (91.07% ) than the patient group(74.16%), 5. Both the patient and nurse group indicated that the most helpful element for the patient’s life under psychiatric treatment was interviews and conversations with therapists and nurses. However, the nurse group showed a higher response(70.15%) than the patients group(47.15%). According to the patient group, family support for the patient was another important factor for psychiatric treatment and daily struggles. In conclusion, as there were differences between the perception of nurses and patients, the nurse must consider the patients’ subjective perceptions first. They should also revaluate their false belief and prejudice concerning the patients’ perceptions. Such information can provide a base to be applied by the nurses in devloping effective mutual relationships with patients which can in turn help in compliance with medication regimen. As it was confirmed that medication was the most important factor in the patients’ recovery, a thorough education program on the therapeutic effect of medication and the necessity of their continued use after discharge is also needed.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.400-410
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• 1993

Dental implants have been widely used in the treatment of esthetic and functional problems of the mouth due to alveolar bone loss, after tooth extraction. The success of implantation strongly depends on osseointegration. For osseointegration, implant material, methodology, and design have been investigated. For materials, two popular materials at present are titanium and hydroxyapatite. For methods, immediate implantation is being used recently. The purpose of this study is to evaluate osseointegration between the unthreaded cylindrical TPS implant and the HA-coated implant by a histomorphometric analysis. For this analysis, experimental periodontits was induced on the 3, 4 premolars of adult dogs by the ligation of orthodontic threads. Thereafter, each tooth was extracted. TPS. Implants and HA-coated implants were immediately inserted in the extraction socket. In control group, TPS implants were immediately inserted, and In experimental group, HA implants were immediately inserted. The dogs were sacrificed after 12 weeks, then the specimens were prepared for LM and histomorphometric analysis. The conclusion of this study is as follows l. In both control and experimental group, no inflammatory cells were observed. 2. The results of the histomorphometric analysis showed that the total osseointegration was 48.5% in control group, and 68.8% in expermental group. The experimental group was higher than the control group, and the difference was not statistically significant (p<0.05). 3. The results of the histomorphometric analysis showed that the osseointegration in the hole was 40.6% in control group, and 70.2% in experimental group. The experimental group was higher than the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). In both control and experinental group, no inflammatory cells were observed. 4. The results of the histomorphometric analysis showed that the osseointegration in the lower part was 52.1% in control group, and 73.3% in experimental group. The experimental group was higher than the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). 5. In experimental group, the bone to HA interface seemed to be mixed of bone and HA. We could not distinguish HA from the bone. The HA coating was detached from the titanium surface.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.92-100
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• 2015

For the purpose of improving the efficiency of the radiation impact assessment of dry interim storage facilities for the spent nuclear fuel of pressurized water reactors (PWRs), radiation impact assessment was performed after the application of sensitivity assessment according to the radiation source term designation method, development of a 2-step calculation technique, and cooling time credit. The present study successively designated radiation source terms in accordance with the cask arrangement order in the shielding building, assessed sensitivity, which affects direct dose, and confirmed that the radiation dosage of the external walls of the shielding building was dominantly affected by the two columns closest to the internal walls. In addition, in the case in which shielding buildings were introduced into storage facilities, the present study established and assessed the 2-step calculation technique, which can reduce the immense computational analysis time. Consequently, results similar to those from existing calculations were derived in approximately half the analysis time. Finally, when radiation source terms were established by adding the storage period of the storage casks successively stored in the storage facilities and the cooling period of the spent nuclear fuel, the radiation dose of the external walls of the buildings was confirmed to be approximately 40% lower than the calculated values; the cooling period was established as being identical. The present study was conducted to improve the efficiency of the Monte Carlo shielding analysis method for radiation impact assessment of interim storage facilities. If reliability is improved through the assessment of more diverse cases, the results of the present study can be used for the design of storage facilities and the establishment of site boundary standards.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.17D no.2
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• pp.129-146
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• 2010

Nowadays, XML has been favored by many companies internally and externally as a means of sharing and distributing data. there are many researches and systems for modeling and storing XML documents by an object-oriented method as for the method of saving and managing web-based multimedia document more easily. The representative tool for the object-oriented modeling of XML documents is UML (Unified Modeling Language). UML at the beginning was used as the integrated methodology for software development, but now it is used more frequently as the modeling language of various objects. Currently, UML supports various diagrams for object-oriented analysis and design like class diagram and is widely used as a tool of creating various database schema and object-oriented codes from them. This paper proposes an Efficinet Query Modelling of XML-GL using the UML class diagram and OCL for searching XML document which its application scope is widely extended due to the increased use of WWW and its flexible and open nature. In order to accomplish this, we propose the modeling rules and algorithm that map XML-GL. which has the modeling function for XML document and DTD and the graphical query function about that. In order to describe precisely about the constraint of model component, it is defined by OCL (Object Constraint Language). By using proposed technique creates a query for the XML document of holding various properties of object-oriented model by modeling the XML-GL query from XML document, XML DTD, and XML query while using the class diagram of UML. By converting, saving and managing XML document visually into the object-oriented graphic data model, user can prepare the base that can express the search and query on XML document intuitively and visually. As compared to existing XML-based query languages, it has various object-oriented characteristics and uses the UML notation that is widely used as object modeling tool. Hence, user can construct graphical and intuitive queries on XML-based web document without learning a new query language. By using the same modeling tool, UML class diagram on XML document content, query syntax and semantics, it allows consistently performing all the processes such as searching and saving XML document from/to object-oriented database.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.517-524
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• 2014

The ultimate goal of seismic design is to reduce the probable losses or damages occurred during an expected earthquake event. To achieve this goal, this study represents a procedure that can estimate annual loss probability of a structure damaged by strong ground motion. First of all, probabilistic seismic performance assessment should be performed using seismic fragility analyses that are presented by a cumulative distribution function of the probability in each exceedance structural damage state. A seismic hazard curve is then derived from an annual frequency of exccedance per each ground motion intensity. An annual loss probability function is combined with seismic fragility analysis results and seismic hazard curves. In this paper, annual loss probabilities are estimated by the structural fragility curve of steel moment-resisting frames(SMRFs) in San Francisco Bay, USA, and are compared with loss estimation results obtained from the HAZUS methodology. It is investigated from the comparison that seismic losses of the SMRFs calculated from the HAZUS method are conservatively estimated. The procedure presented in this study could be effectively used for future studies related with structural seismic performance assessment and annual loss probability estimation.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.155-170
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• 2020

In this paper, a risk management system applicable to NATM tunneling projects is proposed. After investigating case histories in NATM tunnel collapse, this paper analyzes the potential risk factors and their corresponding risk events during NATM tunnel construction. The risk factors are categorized into three groups: geological, design and construction risk factors. The risk events are also categorized into four types: excessive deformation, excessive deformation with subsidence, collapse inside tunnels, and collapse inside tunnels with subsidence. The paper identifies risk scenarios in consideration of the risk factors and proposes a risk analysis/evaluation method for the NATM tunnel risk scenarios. Based on the evaluation results, the optimal mitigation measure to handle the risk events is suggested. In order to effectively facilitate a series of risk management processes, it is necessary to develop a risk register and a management ledger for risk mitigation measures that are customized to NATM tunnels. Lastly, the risk management for an actual NATM tunnel construction site is performed to verify the validity of the proposed system.

• Journal of Service Research and Studies
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.25-39
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• 2018

In the period of great change in human society, a change in educational services is also necessary. Thus, the current research investigates a new model of educational services to prepare people to be successful in an era of service and the fourth industrial revolution. We analyzed all the educational service models from the first educational institution, The Academy, founded by Plato to one of the most innovative institutions, Minerva schools. Then, we designed both an educational institution model and an educational service model that will cultivate and educate prospective students to be multidimensional to fit to the new upcoming eras. Since the era of service in the 21st century is also the era of job creation, we designed models focused on developing the broad knowledge and practical skills need to solve the most complex issues of our time. A new model was designed based on the results of the survey of existing major programs, analysis of the demands of the new generation, competency requirements, and etc. The newly designed conceptual model was improved from study focusing on tools to study that focuses on intrinsic discipline and competence, nurturing dream and imagination. In order to realize the new educational service, we developed technical conditions and a methodology for improving educational service performance. In the future, it is necessary to deepen the study and carry out research on implementing new educational service. In addition, an empirical study of the performance of the new model will also be needed.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.547-553
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• 2003

To develop the health and functional food material from oats, this study was conducted to determine the biologiral activities(antibacterial, antioxidative and mtltmor effects) of oat bran's soluble ${\beta}$-glucans obtained from oat bran concentrate(OBC) by central composite experimental design. The antibacterial effect of oat's ${\beta}$-glucans in the concentration of 250, 500$\mu\textrm{g}$/disc was not detected by paper disc method, and no antioxidative effect of them in the concentration of 5％ by electron donating ability. The growth inhibition on tumor cell lines of oat's soluble ${\beta}$ -glucans was significantly higher in the experimental fraction of No. 7(temperature 45$^{\circ}C$, ethanol 15%, pH 6) than the other fractions(p<0.05). The maximal values of growth inhibitions on AGS, Hep3B and A549 cell lines in the cancentration of 1mg/ml are 59%, 58% and 54% respectively. In addition, the inhibition effect on three tumor cell lines of No. 1(temperature 5$^{\circ}C$, ethanol 5%, pH 6) was relatively high. From the results of response surface methodology, as the values of independent variables changed, they influenced the growth inhibition effect on this cell lines. With this on work further research is required to clarify antitumor effects.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.546-551
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• 2011

Response surface methodology (RSM) was used for the microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) of the effective components of grape seed, such as its antioxidative and nitrite-scavenging abilities. Microwave power (2,450 MHz, 0-160W), ethanol concentration (0-100%), and MAE time (1-5 min) were used as independent variables (Xi) for the central composite design to yield 16 different MAE conditions. The optimum MAE conditions were predicted for the dependent variables of the extracts, such as the total phenolic content ($Y_1$) antioxidative ability ($Y_2$), and nitrite-scavenging ability ($Y_3$), depending on different microwave powers, ethanol concentrations, and MAE times. The determination coefficients ($R^2$) of the regression equations for the dependent variables ranged from 0.8024 to 0.9498. The maximal values of each dependent variable were predicted at different MAE conditions, as follows: 3.19% total phenolic content at 142.32W, 44.30% ethanol, and 4.36 min, and 1.22 antioxidative ability at 84.44W, 56.60% ethanol, and 3.28 min. More than 99.5% nitrite-scavenging ability was predicted at pH 1.2-3.0, 30.80-106.58W, 49.32-55.18% ethanol, and 3.72-4.58min, respectively. The results indicated that the total phenolic content and anti oxidative ability showed a higher correlation with each other in that they were more influenced by microwave power than by the other variables, while the nitrite-scavenging ability was largely influenced by the ethanol concentration.