• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.30 no.11 s.254
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• pp.1348-1357
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• 2006

In a hybrid three-layer control architecture(deliberative, sequencing, and reflexive), the lowest reflexive layer consists of resources, actions, an action coordinator, and motion controllers. Because the execution of individual components in the reflexive layer should be done in real-time, each component has to be simple and, due to this reason, the Linux-RTAI(Real-Time Application Interface for Linux) has been used as an operating system. In this paper, a navigation control architecture, which combines the components in the reflexive layer and the navigation-related modules in the sequencing layer, is proposed. And then, as basic components, four actions(Goto, Avoid, Move, and EmergencyStop) are designed. Experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed architecture and the performance of individual associated actions.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.746-751
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• 2004

Demands for higher productivity in container terminal environments continues to escalate consideration of equipment upgrades. And then transportation of containers using the automated container crane becomes more and more important for productivity enhancements. Introducing a hybrid control architecture to the container crane, it provides a effective means to the automated operation of the container crane. This paper addresses the methodology for automation of container cranes. In addition, this paper proposes a new control architecture for the automated container crane and explains each component of that architecture. The control architecture is composed of a deliberative control layer, a sequencing layer, and a reactive control layer. The proposed architecture is applied to a dual-hoist double-trolley container crane.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.465-470
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• 2004

In this paper, an open architecture control system for automatic container cranes is investigated. A standard reference model for cranes, which consists of three modules； hardware module, operating system module, and application software module, is proposed. A hybrid control architecture combining deliberative and reactive controls for the autonomous operation of the cranes is proposed. The main contributions of this paper are as follows： First, a new reference platform for the crane control system is proposed. Second, by analyzing the structure of a container crane, implementation strategies for the automatic container crane are described.

• Journal of Contemporary Eastern Asia
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.68-89
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• 2019

When comparing media freedom in Malaysia, Myanmar, and Thailand, so-called "fake news" appears as threats to a deliberative (online) public sphere in these three diverse contexts. However, "racist propaganda", "information operations" and "negative campaigning" might be more accurate terms that explain these forms of systematic manipulative political communication. The three cases show forms of disinformation in under-researched contexts and thereby expand the often Western focused discourses on hate speech and fake news. Additionally, the analysis shows that harmful disinformation disseminated online originates from differing contextual trajectories and is not an "online phenomenon". Drawing on an analysis of connotative context factors, this explorative comparative study enables an understanding of different forms of harmful disinformation in Malaysia, Myanmar, and Thailand. The connotative context factors were inductively inferred from 32 expert interviews providing explanations for the formation of political communication (control) mechanisms.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2001.04a
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• pp.540-544
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• 2001

This paper addresses a hybrid control architecture for the hospital service robot, SmartHelper. In hybrid architecture, the deliberation takes place at planning layer while the reaction is dealt through the parallel execution of operations. Hence, the system presents both a hierarchical and an heterarchical decomposition, being able to show a predictable response while keeping rapid reactivity to the dynamic environment. The deliberative controller accomplishes four functions which are path generation, selection of navigation way, command and monitoring. The reactive controller uses fuzzy and potential field method for robot navigation. Through simulation under a virtual environment IGRIP, the effectiveness of the hybrid architecture is verified.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.53-68
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• 2010

In health care, the process of resource allocation becomes a controversial process of rationing, as scarce resources are allocated between the numerous health care interventions. Especially for the last few years, decisions to define and expand the benefit package of National Health Insurance have always become the object of fierce criticism. It is partly because we have not reached a collective agreement as to what the most important criteria for spending priorities are. This paper considers the procedures and the principles which could be used to determine rationing in health care, and emphasizes the need to have explicit principles which determine patient access to care and to have an evidence base to inform rationing decisions. Also, the need to set up a public committee is suggested to take rationing decisions on behalf of government and NHS and to present them as evidence-based decisions.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2001.06b
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• pp.325-329
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• 2001

This paper addresses a control architecture for the hospital service robot, SmartHelper. With a sensing-reasoning-acting paradigm, the deliberation takes place at planning layer while the reaction is dealt through the parallel execution of operations. Hence, the system presents both a hierarchical and an heterarchical decomposition, being able to show a predictable response while keeping rapid reactivity to the dynamic environment. The deliberative controller accomplishes four functions which are path generation, selection of navigation way, command and monitoring. The reactive controller uses fuzzy and potential field method for robot navigation. Through simulation under a virtual environment IGRIP, the effectiveness of the control architecture is verified.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.741-748
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• 2022

Policy literacy plays a critical role in enhancing deliberative communication among the public, policymakers, and experts. It also helps develop a positive view of policy by the public, which facilitates public acceptance. Despite its importance, however, policy literacy has received little attention in energy policy practice. Therefore, this study explores factors affecting the public's understanding and knowledge (i.e., policy literacy) of nuclear and new-renewable energy policies. Accordingly, we analyzed data from an online survey of 790 laypeople in Korea. Specifically, we examined the effects of trust, transparency, and policy public relations (PR) on the policy literacy of the public regarding the two alternative energy sources. The analysis revealed that people showed higher policy literacy about the alternative sources when provided with more transparent information and exposed to more policy PR activities. However, we found that trust in energy plant operators played a negligible role in improving policy literacy for both energy sources. Based on these findings, we developed some policy suggestions to secure the energy policy literacy of the public.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.245-252
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• 2018

In this study, we investigated the differences in the perception of radiological technologists to identify the main contents to be reflected in the enacting of the radiological technologist act and the necessity of the radiological technologist act. In the results of perception surveys conducted on the subjects of radiological technologists about the enacting of the radiological technologist act, the priority over "Somewhat satisfied" is the enacting of the radiological technologist solo act (90.1%), and as for tasks of radiological technologists, there are legalization of contrast media injection (85.8%), legalization of medical radiation policy deliberative committee (85.8%), legalization of radiological technologist ethics committee (80.9%), legalization of Compulsory subscription (71.6%), etc. In the results of the perception survey for radiologists about the enactment of the radiological technologist act, the priority above "Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied" includes the enacting of the radiological technologist act (100%), legalization of medical radiation policy deliberative committee (97.1%), and legalization of radiological technologist ethics committee (95.1%), and as for the tasks of radiological technologists, there are legalization of "contrast media injection" (95.1%), and the necessity of Radiological Education and Evaluation (94.34), etc. The radiological technologist act is considered a top priority and there is a difference in importance according to the individual agenda. This can be used as a data to determine the logical basis and policy direction of the establishment of the radiological technologist act.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.173-208
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• 2017

Along with its expertise and yearning for freedom, Science has been seduced from Society. Coupled with societal uncertainty and complexity, the Science has faced the difficulty of solving societal issues and recognized its limitation on the control of quality it has kept. This leads to yield its way for opening up the societal participation. With this situation in mind, this paper explores the ways of societal participation on science based on previous studies but limited to evaluation. While the classical evaluation on science is conducted by only experts and not opened to the public, both the participatory and deliberative evaluation on science are open to the public and fitted to this research subject. Both evaluations are in common to expand its involvement to the broader stakeholder than classical one, but have discrepancy in the perspective of evaluands, evaluation methology applied, scope of participants and role of mediators. Along with the main obstacles such as political acceptance, representative of participants, competency of mediators, epistemic limitation and institutional path-dependency, this paper articulates the ways to implement both evaluations. Last but not least, this paper puts an importance on various and consequent research activities on this domain, reorganizing societal system and weighting efforts.