• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.79-86
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• 2023

건설은 인간에게 생활의 편안함을 제공하는 가장 오래된 분야 중 하나이다. 그러나, 현재 IT 분야뿐만 아니라 다른 분야의 지속적인 발전에도 불구하고 여전히 낮은 자동화로 인한 생산성 저하가 심각한 수준이다. 특히 건설 분야에서 4차 산업혁명 기술의 활용은 이제 막 시작한 단계이다. 블록체인은 4차 산업혁명 기술 중 하나로서, 여러 장소, 국가 또는 조직과 같은 다양한 지리적 위치에 분산된 데이터를 복제, 공유 및 동기화하는 데 사용되는 일종의 분산 데이터베이스이다. 본 논문에서는 블록체인을 소개하고 이를 활용한 건설 분야의 사례를 일곱 가지 주제별로 문헌 분석한다. 분석 결과, 건설 분야에서 블록체인 기술의 이해도를 높이고 향후 다양한 서비스 개발에 유용성을 제공할 것으로 기대된다.

• 반도체디스플레이기술학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.148-154
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• 2022

As the 4th industrial age approaches, the demand for semiconductors is increasing enough to be used in all electronic devices. At the same time, semiconductor technology is also developing day by day, leading to ultraprecision and low power consumption. Semiconductors that keep getting smaller generate heat because the energy density increases, and the generated heat changes the shape of the semiconductor package, so it is important to manage. The temperature change is not only self-heating of the semiconductor package, but also heat generated by external damage. If the package is deformed, it is necessary to manage it because functional problems and performance degradation such as damage occur. The package burn in test in the post-process of semiconductor production is a process that tests the durability and function of the package in a high-temperature environment, and heat dissipation performance can be evaluated. In this paper, we intend to review a new material formulation that can improve the performance of the adapter, which is one of the parts of the test socket used in the burn-in test. It was confirmed what characteristics the basic base showed when polyamide, a high-molecular material, and alumina, which had high thermal conductivity, were mixed for each magnification. In this study, functional evaluation was also carried out by injecting an adapter, a part of the test socket, at the same time as the specimen was manufactured. Verification of stiffness such as tensile strength and flexural strength by mixing ratio, performance evaluation such as thermal conductivity, and manufacturing of a dummy device also confirmed warpage. As a result, it was confirmed that the thermal stability was excellent. Through this study, it is thought that it can be used as basic data for the development of materials for burn-in sockets in the future.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.387-398
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• 2022

본 논문은 독거노인의 복합적 행태를 이종 사물인터넷 센서들과 딥러닝 기법을 활용하여 인지하고 낙상, 잦은 기침, 수면의 질 감소, 발열 및 비정상적 생활 동선의 발생 등 위급하거나 건강이 저하되는 상황을 적시에 보호자 및 의료복지 담당자에게 알리고 적정한 후속 서비스를 추천 및 수행할 수 있는 시스템을 논한다. 독거노인들의 생활을 최대한 방해하지 않기 위하여 전면 비접촉식 상황 인식 기술을 선보인다. 본 논문은 센서 데이터의 수집 및 분석 체계의 설계와 구현 방법은 물론, 서울시 총 5개구 거주 독거노인들을 대상으로 실증한 경험을 통해 설치, 설정, 운영 및 유지 보수 측면에서의 다양한 문제점들을 서술하고 해당 시스템의 전국 확산에 대비한 향후 발전 방향을 제언한다.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.269-278
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• 2022

Utilization of high-voltage electrolyte additive(s) at a small fraction is a cost-effective strategy for a good solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formation and performance improvement of a lithium-rich layered oxide-based high-energy lithium-ion cell by avoiding the occurrence of metal-dissolution that is one of the failure modes. To mitigate metal-dissolution, we explored fluorinated dual-additives of fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) and di(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)carbonate (DFDEC) for building-up of a good SEI in a 4.7 V full-cell that consists of high-capacity silicon-graphite composite (15 wt% Si/C/CF/C-graphite) anode and Li_1.13Mn_0.463Ni_0.203Co_0.203O₂ (LMNC) cathode. The full-cell including optimum fractions of dual-additives shows increased capacity to 228 mAhg^-1 at 0.2C and improved performance from the one in the base electrolyte. Surface analysis results find that the SEI stabilization of LMNC cathode induced by dual-additives leads to a suppression of soluble Mn²⁺-O formation at cathode surface, mitigating metal-dissolution event and crack formation as well as structural degradation. The SEI and structure of Si/C/CF/C-graphite anode is also stabilized by the effects of dual-additives, contributing to performance improvement. The data give insight into a basic understanding of cathode-electrolyte and anode-electrolyte interfacial processes and cathode-anode interaction that are critical factors affecting full-cell performance.

• 보존과학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.385-394
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• 2016

전승되었거나 출토된 직물은 자외 가시광선, 산소, 미생물 등에 의해 열화 되고 변 퇴색되어 본래 색을 추정하기 어렵다. 색의 분리 분석에서 LC-MS 분석은 매우 효과적이나 염료 정성분석에 있어서 직물로부터 색소를 추출하는 과정이 특히 중요하다. 홍화와 락충으로 염색된 직물로부터 염화수소, 피리딘, 옥살산을 주 용매로 한 세 가지 추출방법 중 옥살산을 기반으로 한 방법이 적색소 추출에 가장 효과적이었다. 한편 열화에 따른 색소의 화학적 특성 분석을 위해 홍화와 락충으로 각각 염색한 시편을 자외선A로 168시간 열화 시킨 후 LC-MS로 분석하였다. 그 결과 홍화 색소는 $T_R$ 13 min에서 carthamin이, 락 색소는 $T_R$ 10 min에서 laccaic acid A가 검출되었다. 또한 자외선 열화 된 홍화 염직물의 MS분석 결과 주 색소인 carthamin은 검출되지 않았지만, 분자량 m/z 931의 물질을 통하여 홍화 염직물임을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구를 통하여 적색 염직물로부터 적색염료 추출을 위한 최적의 방법을 확인할 수 있었으며, 향후 적색염료의 정성분석에서 LC-MS분석을 이용한 기초자료로 활용될 것으로 기대한다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.880-884
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• 2001

Rumen microbiology research has undergone several evolutionary steps: the isolation and nutritional characterization of readily cultivated microbes; followed by the cloning and sequence analysis of individual genes relevant to key digestive processes; through to the use of small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) sequences for a cultivation-independent examination of microbial diversity. Our knowledge of rumen microbiology has expanded as a result, but the translation of this information into productive alterations of ruminal function has been rather limited. For instance, the cloning and characterization of cellulase genes in Escherichia coli has yielded some valuable information about this complex enzyme system in ruminal bacteria. SSU rRNA analyses have also confirmed that a considerable amount of the microbial diversity in the rumen is not represented in existing culture collections. However, we still have little idea of whether the key, and potentially rate-limiting, gene products and (or) microbial interactions have been identified. Technologies allowing high throughput nucleotide and protein sequence analysis have led to the emergence of two new fields of investigation, genomics and proteomics. Both disciplines can be further subdivided into functional and comparative lines of investigation. The massive accumulation of microbial DNA and protein sequence data, including complete genome sequences, is revolutionizing the way we examine microbial physiology and diversity. We describe here some examples of our use of genomics- and proteomics-based methods, to analyze the cellulase system of Ruminococcus flavefaciens FD-1 and explore the genome of Ruminococcus albus 8. At Illinois, we are using bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) vectors to create libraries containing large (>75 kbases), contiguous segments of DNA from R. flavefaciens FD-1. Considering that every bacterium is not a candidate for whole genome sequencing, BAC libraries offer an attractive, alternative method to perform physical and functional analyses of a bacterium's genome. Our first plan is to use these BAC clones to determine whether or not cellulases and accessory genes in R. flavefaciens exist in clusters of orthologous genes (COGs). Proteomics is also being used to complement the BAC library/DNA sequencing approach. Proteins differentially expressed in response to carbon source are being identified by 2-D SDS-PAGE, followed by in-gel-digests and peptide mass mapping by MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry, as well as peptide sequencing by Edman degradation. At Ohio State, we have used a combination of functional proteomics, mutational analysis and differential display RT-PCR to obtain evidence suggesting that in addition to a cellulosome-like mechanism, R. albus 8 possesses other mechanisms for adhesion to plant surfaces. Genome walking on either side of these differentially expressed transcripts has also resulted in two interesting observations: i) a relatively large number of genes with no matches in the current databases and; ii) the identification of genes with a high level of sequence identity to those identified, until now, in the archaebacteria. Genomics and proteomics will also accelerate our understanding of microbial interactions, and allow a greater degree of in situ analyses in the future. The challenge is to utilize genomics and proteomics to improve our fundamental understanding of microbial physiology, diversity and ecology, and overcome constraints to ruminal function.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2004년도 춘계 학술대회지
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• pp.12-27
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• 2004

Thanks to spectacular advances in the techniques for identifying proteins separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis and in methods for large-scale analysis of proteome variations, proteomics is becoming an essential methodology in various fields of plant sciences. Plant proteomics would be most useful when combined with other functional genomics tools and approaches. A combination of microarray and proteomics analysis will indicate whether gene regulation is controlled at the level of transcription or translation and protein accumulation. In this review, we described the catalogues of the rice proteome which were constructed in our program, and functional characterization of some of these proteins was discussed. Mass-spectrometry is a most prevalent technique to identify rapidly a large of proteins in proteome analysis. However, the conventional Western blotting/sequencing technique us still used in many laboratories. As a first step to efficiently construct protein data-file in proteome analysis of major cereals, we have analyzed the N-terminal sequences of 100 rice embryo proteins and 70 wheat spike proteins separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis. Edman degradation revealed the N-terminal peptide sequences of only 31 rice proteins and 47 wheat proteins, suggesting that the rest of separated protein spots are N-terminally blocked. To efficiently determine the internal sequence of blocked proteins, we have developed a modified Cleveland peptide mapping method. Using this above method, the internal sequences of all blocked rice proteins (i. e., 69 proteins) were determined. Among these 100 rice proteins, thirty were proteins for which homologous sequence in the rice genome database could be identified. However, the rest of the proteins lacked homologous proteins. This appears to be consistent with the fact that about 30% of total rice cDNA have been deposited in the database. Also, the major proteins involved in the growth and development of rice can be identified using the proteome approach. Some of these proteins, including a calcium-binding protein that fumed out to be calreticulin, gibberellin-binding protein, which is ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase activate in rice, and leginsulin-binding protein in soybean have functions in the signal transduction pathway. Proteomics is well suited not only to determine interaction between pairs of proteins, but also to identify multisubunit complexes. Currently, a protein-protein interaction database for plant proteins (http://genome .c .kanazawa-u.ac.jp/Y2H)could be a very useful tool for the plant research community. Recently, we are separated proteins from grain filling and seed maturation in rice to perform ESI-Q-TOF/MS and MALDI-TOF/MS. This experiment shows a possibility to easily and rapidly identify a number of 2-DE separated proteins of rice by ESI-Q-TOF/MS and MALDI-TOF/MS. Therefore, the Information thus obtained from the plant proteome would be helpful in predicting the function of the unknown proteins and would be useful in the plant molecular breeding. Also, information from our study could provide a venue to plant breeder and molecular biologist to design their research strategies precisely.

• 한국정보처리학회논문지
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• 제2권6호
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• pp.985-994
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• 1995

본 논문에서는 높은 시스템 가용성을 제공할 뿐만 아니라 고장 발생시 데이타 손실이 없는 두 가지 hot standby 구조를 제안한다. 제안된 hot standby 구조의 성능 을 평가하기 위해서 hot standby 구조로부터 동기 unit 만을 제거한 warm standby 구 조를 고려하였으며, 각 구조에 대한 시스템 불가동률을 마르코프 상태도를 이용하여 구한 후 서로 비교 평가하였다. 본 연구 결과, 대부분의 경우 hot standby 구조가 warm standby 구조보다 훨씬 높은 가동률을 제공하였으며, 외부 동기 unit로 구성된 hot standby 구조가 내부 동기 unit로 구성 된 hot standby 구조보다 향상 약간 높은 시스템 가동률을 유지하였다. 각 구조에 대한 active set time과 personnel recovery rate 는 시스템 가동률에 거의 영향을 미치지 않았다. 그러나 data recovery time 이 임계치 이상으로 증가하는 경우에는 hot standby 구조와 warm standby구조 모두 시스 템 가동률이 급격히 저하되었고 특히 hot standby 구조의 성능 저하가 심하여 궁극적으로 warm standby 구조보다 시스템 가동률이 떨어지는 현상을 보였다.

• 지적과 국토정보
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.27-42
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• 2016

산림은 우리나라 토지피복 면적의 64%에 해당하는 넓은 면적을 차지한다. 이와 같이 넓은 면적의 산림을 조사, 모니터링, 관리하기 위해서는 원격탐사 및 지리정보시스템 기술이 필수적이다. 위성영상의 분광반사 특성을 이용하여 임상 및 수종분류가 가능하며, 이를 통해 임상도를 제작할 수 있다. 3차원 자료인 LiDAR를 이용하여 개체목의 위치와 수고 측정, 이를 통해 바이오매스와 탄소량 추정이 가능하다. 그 외에도 대상물의 반사특성을 이용해서 각종 지수들이 추출될 수 있는데, 예를 들어 식생지수와 표면토양지수 등을 통해 식생의 활력도와 산림 황폐화 정도를 파악 할 수 있다. 이러한 식생지수들의 변이를 파악하여 소나무 재선충병, 참나무 시들음병 등의 조기탐지 및 관리도 가능하다. 또한 A/R CDM, REDD+ 등 최근 기후변화 대응 사업에 있어서 원격탐사는 사업성 판단과 이산화탄소 흡수 및 저장량을 산정하는데 중요한 역할을 하고 있다. 기후변화 취약성 평가에서는 지리정보시스템의 시공간자료를 이용하여 국가 및 지자체 단위의 취약성이 시공간적으로 평가되고 있다. 또한, 시공간자료를 영향변수로 추가시킨 각종 모델을 통해 산림생장, 입목고사, 산사태 및 산불 등의 예측이 시공간적으로 이루어 질 수 있다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.745-759
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• 2013

The characteristics of meteorological conditions and air pollution were investigated in a valley city (Yangsan) on bad visibility days (from 05:00 to 09:00 LST) of the cold half year (November 2008 to April 2009). This analysis was performed using the hourly observed data of meteorological variables (temperature, wind speed and direction, relative humidity, and 2 m and 10 m temperature) and air pollutants ($NO_2$, $SO_2$, $PM_{10}$, and $O_3$). In addition, visibility data based on visual measurements and a visibility meter were used. The bad visibility days were classified into four types: fog, mist, haze, and the mixture (mist+haze). The results showed that the bad visibility days of the four types in the valley city were observed to be more frequently (about 50% of the total study period (99 days except for missing data)) than (27%) those near coastal metropolitan city (Busan). The misty days (39%) in the valley city were the most dominant followed by the hazy (37%), mixture (14%), and foggy days (10%). The visibility degradation on the misty days in Yangsan was closely related to the combined effect of high-level relative humidity due to the accumulation of water vapor from various sources (e.g. river, stream, and vegetation) and strong inversion due to the development of surface radiative cooling within the valley. On the hazy days, the visibility was mainly reduced by the increase in air pollutant (except for $O_3$) concentrations from the dense emission sources under local conditions of weaker winds from the day before and stronger inversion than the misty days. The concentrations of $NO_2$, $PM_{10}$, and $SO_2$ (up to +36 ppb, $+25{\mu}g/m^3$, and +7 ppb) on the hazy days were a factor of 1.4-2.3 higher than those (+25 ppb, $+14{\mu}g/m^3$, and +3 ppb) on the misty days.