DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

적색 염직물의 색소 추출 방법 및 분석연구

A Study on Extraction and Analysis of Red Dyed Fabric

  • 임세연 (한국전통문화대학교 문화유산융합대학원 수리복원학과) ;
  • 정용재 (한국전통문화대학교 문화유산융합대학원 수리복원학과)
  • Imn, Se Yeon (Department of Heritage Conservation & Restoration, Graduate School of Convergence Cultural Heritage, Korea National University of Cultural Heritage) ;
  • Chung, Yong Jae (Department of Heritage Conservation & Restoration, Graduate School of Convergence Cultural Heritage, Korea National University of Cultural Heritage)
  • 투고 : 2016.08.05
  • 심사 : 2016.09.18
  • 발행 : 2016.09.20

초록

전승되었거나 출토된 직물은 자외 가시광선, 산소, 미생물 등에 의해 열화 되고 변 퇴색되어 본래 색을 추정하기 어렵다. 색의 분리 분석에서 LC-MS 분석은 매우 효과적이나 염료 정성분석에 있어서 직물로부터 색소를 추출하는 과정이 특히 중요하다. 홍화와 락충으로 염색된 직물로부터 염화수소, 피리딘, 옥살산을 주 용매로 한 세 가지 추출방법 중 옥살산을 기반으로 한 방법이 적색소 추출에 가장 효과적이었다. 한편 열화에 따른 색소의 화학적 특성 분석을 위해 홍화와 락충으로 각각 염색한 시편을 자외선A로 168시간 열화 시킨 후 LC-MS로 분석하였다. 그 결과 홍화 색소는 $T_R$ 13 min에서 carthamin이, 락 색소는 $T_R$ 10 min에서 laccaic acid A가 검출되었다. 또한 자외선 열화 된 홍화 염직물의 MS분석 결과 주 색소인 carthamin은 검출되지 않았지만, 분자량 m/z 931의 물질을 통하여 홍화 염직물임을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구를 통하여 적색 염직물로부터 적색염료 추출을 위한 최적의 방법을 확인할 수 있었으며, 향후 적색염료의 정성분석에서 LC-MS분석을 이용한 기초자료로 활용될 것으로 기대한다.

A fabric excavated from tombs or passed down is not easy to find its original color as it degrades and discolors by UV and visible rays, oxygen and microorganisms. LC-MS analysis is commonly used for separating and analyzing colors, but color extraction process is complicated and important in dye-qualitative analysis. To extract red colors from a fabric which is dyed with safflower and lac, solvents; hydrogen chloride, pyridine and oxalic acid are used and oxalic acid was the most effective solvent. Meanwhile, dyed samples were put in degradation condition; UV-A for 168 hours and analyzed with LC-MS to find out its colors'chemical changes. As a result, carthamin is detected in $T_R$ 13 min and laccaic acid A is detected in $T_R$ 10 min. However carthamin is not detected in a degraded fabric dying with safflower, it could be identified as a safflower fabric by the molecular weight of m/z 931. Through this study the most optimal method for red color extraction is found so it is expected to be used as a base line data for red color LC-MS analysis.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Ahn, C.S. and Obendorf, A.K., 2004, Dyes on archaeological textiles: Analyzing alizarin and its degradation products. Textiles Research Journal, 74(11), 949-954. https://doi.org/10.1177/004051750407401102
  2. Ahn, C.S., Zeng, X., Li, L. and Obendorf, S.K., 2014, Thermal degradation of natural dyes and their analysis using HPLC-DAD-MS. Fashion and Textiles, 1, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40691-014-0001-x
  3. Clementia, C., Nowikb, W., Romania, A., Cibinc, F. and Favaro, G., 2007, A spectrometric and chromatographic approach to the study of ageing of madder(Rubia tinctorum L.) dyestuff on wool. Analytica Chimica Acta, 596, 46-54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2007.05.036
  4. Cardon, D., 2007, Natural dyes : Sources, traditional, technology and Science. Archetype, London.
  5. Imn, S.Y., 2016, A study on extraction and analysis of traditional red dye 'Yeonji'. Master's thesis, Korea National University of Cultural Heritage, Buyeo. (in Korean with English abstract)
  6. Jo, K.R., 2010, A study of natural dyeing. Hyungseul Publishing, Seoul. (in Korean)
  7. Laursen, R. and Mouri, C., 2013, Decomposition and analysis of carthamin in safflower-dyed textiles. e-preservation Science, 10, 35-37.
  8. Mouri, C. and Laursen, R., 2012, Identification of anthraquinone markers for distinguishing Rubia species in madder-dyed textiles by HPLC. Microchimica Acta, 179, 105-113. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-012-0868-4
  9. Oka, H., Ito, Y., Yamada, S., Kagami, T., Hayakawa, J., Harada, K., Atsumi, E., Suzuki, M., Suzuki, M., Odani, H., Akahori, S., Maeda, K., Tanaka, T. and Mizuno, M., 1998, Identification of lac dye components by electrospray high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Journal of Mass Spectrometry Society of Japan, 46(1), 63-68. https://doi.org/10.5702/massspec.46.63
  10. Sato, K., Sugimotoa, N., Ohtaa, M., Yamazakia, T., Maitania T. and Tanamotoa, K., 2003, Structure determination of minor red pigment in carthamus red colorant isolated by preparative LC/MS. Food Additives and Contaminants, 20(11), 1015-1022. https://doi.org/10.1080/02652030310001615177
  11. Surowieca, I., Quyeb, A. and Trojanowicz, M., 2006, Liquid chromatography determination of natural dyes in extracts from historical Scottish textiles excavated from peat bogs. Journal of Chromatography A, 1112, 209-217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2005.11.019
  12. Valianou, L., Karapanagiotis, I. and Chryssoulakis, Y., 2009, Comparison of extraction methods for the analysis of natural dyes in historical textiles by high-performance liquid chromatography. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 395(7), 2175-2189. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-009-3137-6
  13. Wouters, J., Grzywacz, M. and Claro, A., 2010, Markers for identification of faded safflower(Carthamus tinctorius L.) colorants by HPLC-PDA-MS. Studies in Conservation, 55, 186-203. https://doi.org/10.1179/sic.2010.55.3.186
  14. Zhang, X. and Laursen, R.A., 2005, Development of mild extraction methods for the analysis of natural dyes in textiles of historical interest using LC-diode array detector-MS. Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 77, 2022-2025. https://doi.org/10.1021/ac048380k