This study is based on prior research cases on workplace learning, which had a significant impact on corporate research. To improve problem solving and supplementing ability by keeping the opportunity to participate in workplace learning for the weak small business owners and to strengthen opportunities for practical growth, and to propose education, policy and institutional windowing. Therefore, to establish the relationship between small business owners' workplace learning, job satisfaction, and service quality, a research hypothesis was set in the background of prior research and empirical analysis was conducted. The results from 203 questionnaires were analyzed with SPSS 18.0 program. As an analytical result, first, workplace learning had a partial positive (+) impact on job satisfaction. Second, workplace learning had a partial positive (+) impact on service quality. Third, in the relationship between workplace learning and service quality, job satisfaction played a full mediating role. From this, it was found that formal learning, the subfactor of workplace learning did not have an impact on job satisfaction and service quality, as subtitle of educational environment including offsite training and self education, systematization, and structuralization depending on the poor environment of small enterprises. Therefore, it was found that small enterprises' poor environment was revealed from the managerial, economic and social perspectives and to compensate such defect, educational, policy, and institutional strategies to strengthen the opportunity for growth and development of small enterprises can be suggested to the governmental agencies or local governments. Despite the significant results of this study, there may be limitations. Therefore, further studies should be conducted in various fields with various samples in the future, and further studies should be conducted in academic and practical relationships that can improve the service quality and management performance.
Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
/
v.51
no.7
/
pp.230-238
/
2014
In this paper, we propose the possible way of accurate analysis and examination of ITO sensor to discriminate whether mutual capacitance ITO sensor is defective by using mutual capacitance of data in each node which consists of electrodes inside of ITO sensor. We have analyzed the structure characteristic of mutual capacitance ITO sensor which is used as an input device for not only small size electronics like mobile phone and tablets but also big size electronics and designed the circuit to inspect ITO sensor using touch screen panel IC. Set a variable related with mutual capacitance of charge and discharge and Implement to find and analyze accurate position when defect is made through the data from each node of ITO sensor. First, we can set a yield effective range through the first experiment data of mutual capacitance ITO sensor and by using the data of each node of ITO sensor which is the result from the second experiment, we can verify accuracy and effectiveness of effective range from the first experiment as a sample which is used in this experiment.
Journal of the Korean Academy of Esthetic Dentistry
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v.25
no.1
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pp.35-49
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2016
With the increasing demand for aesthetic implant dentistry, the importance of implant restoration is emphasized not only in the functional aspect but also in the aesthetic aspect. The aesthetic restoration of dental implants in the anterior maxilla is a challenge for clinicians because it requires proper harmony in three following conditions; reconstruction of hard tissue, soft tissue, and aesthetic prosthesis. The soft tissue aesthetics are dependent upon the condition of the supporting hard tissue because the osseous structure provides a framework for the development of a healthy and aesthetic soft tissue interface. Therefore, the augmentation of hard tissue is a first step and especially, optimal 3-dimensional position of implant is the most important factor in aesthetic implant restoration. The management of soft tissue is a second step, and the final step is a restoration of harmonic prosthesis using provisional restoration with proper emergence profile. This clinical report describes the procedure of bone augmentation in labial dehiscence defect, Vascularized Interpositional Periosteal-Connective Tissue (VIP-CT) flap for aesthetic anterior soft tissue, and the importance of provisional restoration and impression taking stage with customized impression coping.
Journal of the Korean Academy of Esthetic Dentistry
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v.25
no.1
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pp.15-24
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2016
It is considered an implant failure when there is esthetic problems in the anterior area although the prosthesis function normally. In 2003, Dr. Kan et al stated that implant bone level is determined by the adjacent teeth. After that many scholars have studied how can achieve the esthetics result on adjacent teeth bone loss cases. In 2012, Dr. Takino published an article in Quintessence. He summarized previous articles and reclassified the defects from class 1 through 4. Class 1 and 2 depicts a situation where there is no bone loss on adjacent teeth. In Class 3 and 4, interproximal bone loss extends to the adjacent tooth. If one side is involved, it is Class 3. If both sides are involved, it is Class 4. The clue for esthetic implant restoration is whether bone loss extends to adjacent tooth or not. If the bone level of adjacent tooth is sound, we can easily achieve the esthetic but the bone level is not sound, the surgery will be complicated and the esthetic result will be unpredictable. So regenerative surgery for adjacent tooth is necessary for long-term maintenance. But the options and process were so complicated, the purpose of this article is to report the method simplify the surgery and gain a similar outcome.
BOOP is a clinopathologic entity consisting of a flu-like illness, late inspiratory crackles, and pathologically granulation tissue plugs within lumens of small airways sometimes with complete obstruction of small airways and granulation tissue extending into alveolar ducts and alveoli with a variable degree of interstitial infiltration of mononuclear cells and accumulation of foamy macrophages in alveolar spaces in a patch distribution, and preservation of background architecture of the lung. It has patch infiltrates roentgenographically, and restrictive ventilatory defect pysiologically such as decreased vital capacity. and diffusing capacity. The BOOP has been observed in the context of collagen vascular disease, and other autoimmune disease secondary to treatment with penicillamine, bleomycin, acebutolol and amiodarone, following the inhalation of toxic fumes, after several infections including measles, pertussis and influenza and idiopathic. Clinically, response to coricosteroid therapy is good and relapse dose not occur if sufficient theraphy is good. A flu-like illness occurs in one third, cough in one third, cough with dyspnea in the remaining patients. Hemoptysis are rare. The physical examination reveales dry crackles in the majority of the patients with BOOP but rarely associated with wheezing. The duration of illness is less than 2 months in 75% of patients. With a brief review of literature, we report a case of the BOOP which is good response to steroid, but frequent relapse and assoicated with wheezing.
Background: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer over the world. P53 alteration is by far the most common genetic defect in lung cancer. The mutation of p53 protein involves the loss of inhibitory function of p53 related tumor suppressor gene and resultant oncogenesis. The analysis of p53 alterations consists of immunohistochemical stain, PCR based assay, or serologic ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay). Methods : Serum levels of p53 mutant protein were measured in 69 cases of lung cancer (adenocarcinoma n=29, epidermoid n=16, small cell n=13, large cell n=1, undifferentiated n=1, undetermined n=9) and 42 controls of respiratory disorders using ELISA. Immunohistochemical stain in tissue was performed using monoclonal antibody of p53 in lung cancer subjects. Results: Both serum p53s in nonsmall cell cancer ($0.28{\pm}0.44ng/ml$) and in small cell cancer ($0.20{\pm}0.14ng/ml$) were not different from controls ($0.34{\pm}0.20ng/ml$). Also there was no significant difference in serum p53 according to tumor stages. P53 immunohistochemical stain showed 50% positivity overall in lung cancer. There were no close correlation between serologic level and positivity of immunohistochemical stain. Conclusion: The serologic determination of p53 mutant protein is thought to have no diagnostic role in lung cancer. Immunohistochemical stain in lung cancer specimen shows 50% positivity.
Inorganic bovine bone mineral has been widely researched as bone substitution materials in orthopedic and oral and maxillofacial application. OCS-B(NIBEC, Korea) is newly-developed inorganic bovine bone mineral. The aim of this study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of bovine bone-derived bone graft material(OCS-B). Micro-structure of newly-developed inorganic bovine bone mineral(OCS-B) was analyzed by scanning electron microscope(SEM). Round cranial defects with eight mm diameter were made and filled with OCS-B in rabbits. OCS-B was inserted into femoral quadrant muscle in mouse. In scanning electron microscope, OCS-B was equal to natural hydroxyapatite. Rabbits were sacrificed at 2 weeks and 4 weeks after surgery and mice were sacrificed at 1 week and 2 weeks after surgery. Decalcified specimens were prepared and observed by microscope. In calvarial defects, osteoid and new bone were formed in the neighborhood of OCS-B at 2 weeks after surgery. And at 4 weeks after surgery osteoid and new bone bridge formed flourishingly. No inflammatory cells were seen on the surface of OCS-B at 1 week and 2 weeks in mouse experimental group. It is concluded that newly-developed inorganic bovine bone mineral(OCS-B) is a flourishing bone-forming material and biocompatible material.
Lee Jung-Min;Kim Yung-Soo;Kim Chang-Whe;Han Jung-Suk
The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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v.41
no.3
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pp.325-341
/
2003
Statement of problem: In cases where bony defects were present, guided bone regenerations have been performed to aid the placement of implants. Nowadays, the accepted concept is to isolate bone from soft tissue by using barrier membranes to allow room for generation of new bone. Nonresorbable membranes have been used extensively since the 1980's. However, this material has exhibited major shortcomings. To overcome these faults, efforts were made to develop resorbable membranes. Guided bone regenerations utilizing resorbable membranes were tried by a number of clinicians. $Bio-Gide^{(R)}$ is such a bioresorbable collagen that is easy to use and has shown fine clinical results. Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the histological results of guided bone regenerations performed using resorbable collagen membrane($Bio-Gide^{(R)}$) with autogenous bone, bovine drived xenograft and combination of the two. Surface morphology and chemical composition was analyzed to understand the physical and chemical characteristics of bioresorbable collagen membrane and their effects on guided bone regeneration. Material and methods: Bioresorbable collagen membrane ($Bio-Gide^{(R)}$), Xenograft Bone(Bio-Oss), Two healthy, adult mongrel dogs were used. Results : 1. Bioresorbable collagen membrane is pure collagen containing large amounts of Glysine, Alanine, Proline and Hydroxyproline. 2. Bioresorbable collagen membrane is a membrane with collagen fibers arranged more loosely and porously compared to the inner surface of canine mucosa: This allows for easier attachment by bone-forming cells. Blood can seep into these spaces between fibers and form clots that help stabilize the membrane. The result is improved healing. 3. Bioresorbable collagen membrane has a bilayered structure: The side to come in contact with soft tissue is smooth and compact. This prevents soft tissue penetration into bony defects. As the side in contact with bone is rough and porous, it serves as a stabilizing structure for bone regeneration by allowing attachment of bone-forming cells. 4. Regardless of whether a membrane had been used or not, the group with autogenous bone and $Bio-Oss^{(R)}$ filling showed the greatest amount of bone fill inside a hole, followed by the group with autogenous bone filling, the group with blood and the group with $Bio-Oss^{(R)}$ Filling in order. 5. When a membrane was inserted, regardless of the type of bone substitute used, a lesser amount of resorption occurred compared to when a membrane was not inserted. 6. The border between bone substitute and surrounding bone was the most indistinct with the group with autogenous bone filling, followed by the group with autogenous bone and $Bio-Oss^{(R)}$ filling, the group with blood, and the group with $Bio-Oss^{(R)}$ filling. 7. Three months after surgery, $Bio-Gide^{(R)}$ and $Bio-Oss^{(R)}$ were distinguishable. Conclusion: The best results were obtained with the group with autogenous bone and $Bio-Oss^{(R)}$ filling used in conjunction with a membrane.
The maxillary defects lead to anatomical and functional deformity of the maxillofacial region. As far as functions are concerned, such defects can produce difficulty in speech, mastication, and deglutition. Obturator prostheses play a very important role in functional recovery for post-maxillectomy patients. To achieve rigidity of the obturator, appropriate retention should be given, and the weight of the prosthesis be reduced. There are two types of hollow bulb obturator: open and closed. A closed type has many advantages. Nevertheless, some problems, including complexity of fabrication and water leakage into the bulb, have the closed hollow obturator not be widely used. The one-step polymerization technique described in this case overcomes the shortcomings by easily constructing a small hollow bulb with two thermoplastic resin sheets.
Purpose: Various kinds of biodegradable membranes are currently used in dental clinics. And the frequency and the necessity of their usage are increasing due to their numerous advantages. Therefore it is important to understand the difference of various membranes and histological reaction against implanted membranes. Materials and Methods: Biodegradable membranes of $Biogide^{(R)}$, $Resolute^{(R)}$, and $Tutodent^{(R)}$ were cut into small pieces by $1.0{\times}0.5cm$. The membranes were implanted 1.5cm apart from each other under the epithelium on the skull of 18 Sprague Dawley rats. The animals were sacrificed at 3, 7, and 14 days after surgical procedure. The specimens were examined by histological analysis. Results: 1. Early period after implantation of the membranes showed connective tissues surrounding membranes and there were a few inflammatory cells present. 2. In $Biogide^{(R)}$ and $Tutodent^{(R)}$ specimens, inflammatory cells and surrounding tissues were shown to infiltrate from outside with slight density difference inside. In $Resolute^{(R)}$ specimens, membranes were fragmented. Inflammatory cells and connective tissues were also observed inside. 3. In $Resolute^{(R)}$ specimen, giant cells were present which implicates that foreign body reaction has occurred. 4. $Biogide^{(R)}$ had lower integrity than other membranes and is not enough to be used alone in defect area. However, $Resolute^{(R)}$ had superior firmness than others. $Tutodent^{(R)}$ had middle level of integrity. Conclusion: This experimental model enabled to observe early inflammatory reactions and morphological changes of materials and can be used to develop and evaluate the efficacy of biodegradable membranes. Duplication of standardized human oral environment will be required in future experiments.
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