• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.151-173
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• 1991

A review of the royal banquet rituals which were excuted twice a day for consecutive three days for master were found to be progressed; 1st day for Queen Mother, 2nd day for King, 3rd day for Crown Prince very orderly. And performing dozens of dances and musics at each intervals of this procedure. The Sequence of rituals were summarized as follows. 1. Entering by order of low in rance. 2. Opening a ceremony. 3. Setting napkins, spoons and chopsticks and sumptuous table for master. 4. Offering flowers to master and then granting that flowers to subjects 5. Singing a open song. 6. Setting wine/side dishes for master and complimenting master's achievement/wellness. 7. Bowing politely three times and giving cheers. 8. Distributing wine/dishes to high ranked subjects. 9. Offering special dishes for master. 10. Distributing wine to low ranked subjects. 11. Singing a closing song. 12. Taking away tables. 13. Closing a banquet and leaving the hall.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.71-82
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• 2023

Objectives: The existing reductionist approach has not reached complete understanding of the cause of schizophrenia. The objective of this study was to investigate yin-yang and five-element characteristics reflected on four time pillars of birth of patients with schizophrenia through comparison with the general population in the perspective of consilience-based holistic approach. Methods: This study was conducted using a random sequential recruitment method for the general population and individuals with schizophrenia aged 18 to 64 based on the exact date and time of birth using structured questionnaires. Relative positional relations of yin-yang and five-element with day master were primarily examined. In addition, the strength of day master with a score range of 0~100 points was assessed through operational score allocation. Results: Of 591 participants, 576 (346: general population, 230: individuals with schizophrenia) were analyzed. Between-group analyses showed no significant difference in the distribution of types of day master (χ²=10.41, df=9, p=0.318). However, significant between-group differences were shown in the distribution of the strength of day master (t=2.14, p=0.032) and frequency of restraining month branch (χ²=5.23, df=1, p=0.022). In logistic regression analysis, 10-point increase on the strength of day master decreased the probability of onset of schizophrenia over the age of 30 by 29.6% (p=0.002; 95% confidence interval, 0.566~0.876). Conclusions: Findings in this study suggest that four time pillars of birth might be associated with schizophrenia through yin-yang and five-element theory and synchronicity principle, implicating the plausibility of consilience-based holistic approach in the determination of risk factors or cause of schizophrenia.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.111-117
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• 2012

Objectives : This study was done for reporting effect of moxibustion therapy on the degenerative arthritis of knee joint with osteochondroma. Methods : Two patient with degenerative arthritis of knee joint with osteochondroma was treated by moxibustion therapy. We applied moxibustion therapy three times a day for 12 days(three days per week). To investigate effectiveness of treatment we used visual analogue scale, Korean Western Ontario and McMaster Universities. Results : 1. The moxibustion therapy deceased knee joint pain. 2. As a result of evaluation by visual analogue scale, Korean Western Ontario and McMaster Universities the score marked lower than before treatment and after treatment. Conclusion : Moxibustion therapy decreased knee joint pain that patient have degenerative arthritis of knee joint with osteochondroma.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.82-89
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• 2007

The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) is a valid and widely used instrument for the assessment of osteoarthritis patients. In this study, data was obtained from the out-patients with painful osteoarthritis of the knee. One hundred-three out-patients were interviewed by physical therapists. In an exploratory way, a Korean version of the KWOMAC was analyzed for unidimensionality, item separation, and item difficulty using the Winsteps programs. Ninety-five patients with osteoarthritis of the knee over 65 years were analyzed for Rash analysis. In the analysis several functional items poorly fit to the model. These items included "heavy domestic duties" and "standing". In the pain domain, one item ("at night while in bed") did not fit the model. In the stiffness domain one item ("after sitting, lying, or resting later in the day") did not fit the model. Although 4 items from the 3 domains (pain, stiffness, function domain) do not fit well, the KWOMAC domains were confirmed by Rasch analysis. Thus the KWOMAC needs to be further examined before it can be used to properly determine the health status of the elderly with OA.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.12 no.10
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• pp.1830-1834
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• 2008

At the present day, devices for measurement and control of data by wireless based computer have been generalized. The devices with low cost and high performance have been spotlighted. If Zigbee communication solution is used in dangerous places and places that can not in use wire communication, computer can process data without limitation. Zigbee communication solution is effective in power consumption as compared with RF or bluetooth and can use battery. System cost of Zigbee also is very low, so can install lots of nodes. The system made in this paper transmit by wireless many LMCs(Laser Measuring Control) of wireless transmission system for distance measurement and many slave Zigbee to a master Zigbee.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.31 no.5 s.88
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• pp.525-534
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• 2001

Bone remodeling in response to force requires coordinated actions of osteoblasts, osteoclasts, osteocytes, and periodontal ligament cells. Coordination among these cells may be mediated, in part, by cell-to-cell communication via gap junctions. This study was designed to evaluate the expression of gap junction, connection 43 In periodontal tissue during the experimental movement of rat's incisors, by LSAB(labelled streptavidine biotin) immunohistochemical staining for connexin 43. Twenty seven Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into a control group(3 rats), and 6 experimental groups(24 rats) where 75g of force was applied from helical springs across the maxillary incisors. Rats of experimental groups were sacrificed at 12 hours, 1, 4, 7, 14 and 28 days after force application, respectively. And the tissues of a control group and experimental groups were studied immunohistochemically. The results were as follows : 1. In control group, the expression of connexin 43 was rare in gingiva, dentin, cementum, periodontal ligament, and bone cells. 2. In experimental group, the expression of connexin 43 was increased in pulp, periodontal ligament, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts, comparing to that in control. And it was rare in gingiva, dentin, and odontoblasts regardless of the duration of force application, which was not different from that of control group. 3. The expression of connexin 43 in pulp of experimental group began to increase in 4-day after force application and got to the highest degree at 7-day. And it decreased after 14-day to be similar to that of control group at 28-day. 4. The expression of connexin 43 in periodontal ligament was noted in small capillaries adjacent to alveolar bone, showing higher intensity of immunolabelling after 4-day And it was stronger in the pressure side than in tension side of periodontal ligament. After 7-day, decrease in connexin 43 expression was observed. 5. The expression of connexin 43 in alveolar bone began to increase 1-day, reached to the highest degree at 4-day, and decreased at 7-day. And the expression in osteoclasts was more than that in osteoblasts or osteocyte at 7-day.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.80-83
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• 2014

Objectives: This case report is to present a complete recovery from Kaposi's varicelliform eruption (KVE) that occurred in a patient with atopic dermatitis by applying Korean Medicine therapies. Methods: Hwangyeonhaedoktang pharmacopuncture (HP), 0.3 mL, and 25% bee venom pharmacopuncture (BVP), 0.1 mL, were injected, 0.2 mL each, at both BL13 acupoints once a day in the morning. Acupuncture was applied at Sama Upper, Middle and Lower of the Master Tung acupuncture points and at ST44 on the left lateral for 30 minutes twice a day. The affected face was gauze dressed with mixture of 2.0 mL HP and 1.0 mL 25% BVP with 20 mL of normal saline twice a day. Herbal Medicine, Seungmagalgeuntang, was administered three times a day after each meal. Results: Rashes and papules on the face were completely cleared after 10 days of treatments. Conclusion: KVE, an acute and urgent dermatitis, can be effectively treated with Korean medicine.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.43-61
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• 1991

Present - day inlay casting procedures have been developed for more than 100 years and experimentation has focused on the perfect adaptation to the cavity preparation. Marginal adaptation is considered to be an important indicator of the acceptability of the cast restotration, especially on the gingival margin. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a dissecting microscope and burnishing on vertical discrepancies, horizontal discrepancies, and cement thicknesson master die. Extracted premolars were prepared for class II gold inlays and master dies were made with conventional techniques. The experiments consisted of 4 groups. Group 1 : unaided eye, no burnishing on master die. Group 2 : unaided eye, burnishing on master die. Group 3 : microscope, no burnishing on master die. Group 4 : microscope, burnishing on master die. Cemented inlays were embedded in the hard resin and sectioned with microcutter through the gingival margins. The sectioned surfaces were polished with emery paper and finally with aluminum oxide powders. The results of the experiments were measured for vertical discrepancies, horizontal discrepancied and cement thickness under the scanning electron microscpe at the beveled gingival margin. The results of the study were summarized as follows. 1. Group 1 showed the vertical discrepancies of $81.6{\mu}m({\pm}48.6{\mu}m)$, horizontal discrepancies of $60.1{\mu}m({\pm}41.1{\mu}m)$, and cement thickness of $59.6{\mu}m({\pm}24.6{\mu}m)$. 2. Group 2 showed the vertical discrepancies of $78.6{\mu}m({\pm}30.9{\mu}m)$, horizontal discrepancies of $36.9{\mu}m({\pm}20.7{\mu}m)$, and cement thickness of $54.0{\mu}m({\pm}21.6{\mu}m)$. 3. Group 3 showed the vertical discrepancies of $57.5{\mu}m({\pm}26.4{\mu}m)$, horizontal discrepancies of $28.4{\mu}m({\pm}17.5{\mu}m)$, and cement thickness of $37.2{\mu}m({\pm}17.4{\mu}m)$. 4. Group 4 showed the vertical discrepancies of $56.7{\mu}m({\pm}35.0{\mu}m)$, horizontal discrepancies of $31.8{\mu}m({\pm}24.2{\mu}m)$, and cement thickness of $45.6{\mu}m({\pm}19.8{\mu}m)$. 5. Vertical discrepancies were not significantly different at any groups(p>.050). 6. Microscope groups(Group 3, 4) showed significantly improved horizontal marginal adaptation (p<.050). 7. Although cement thickness showed the subset of Group 3. 4, 2 and Group 4, 2, 1. Group 3 showed significantly smaller thickness than Group l(p<.050). 8. Finishing and polishing by means of a microscope produced significantly smaller discrepancies than doing so with the unaided eye(p<.050).

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.65-71
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• 2008

According to the capacity of hard disk drive is increasing day by day, the amount of data that forensic investigators should analyze is also increasing. This trend need tremendous time and effort in determining which files are important as evidence on computers. Using the file system APIs provided by Windows system is the easy way to identify those files. This method, however, requires a large amount of time as the number of files increase and changes the access time of files. Moreover, some files cannot be accessed due to the use of operating system. To resolve these problems, forensic analysis should be conducted by using the Master File Table (MFT). In this paper, We implement the file access program which interprets the MFT information in NTFS file system. We also extensibly compare the program with the previous method. Experimental results show that the presented program reduces the file access time then others. As a result, The file access method using MFT information is forensically sound and also alleviates the investigation time.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.62 no.4
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• pp.457-466
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• 2013

Wind energy is rapidly becoming significant generating technologies in electricity markets. As probabilistic nature of wind energy creates many uncertainties in the short-term scheduling, additional actions for reliable market operation should be taken. This paper presents a novel approach to evaluate ramping capability requirement for changes in imbalance energy between day-ahead market and real-time market due to uncertainty of wind generation as well as system load. Dynamic ramp rate model has been applied for realistic solution in unit commitment problem, which is implemented in day-ahead market. Probabilistic optimal power flow has been used to verify ramping capability determined by the proposed method is reasonable in economic and reliable aspects. This approach was tested on six-bus system and IEEE 118-bus system with a wind farm. The results show that the proposed approach provides ramping capability information to meet both forecasted variability and desired confidence level of anticipated uncertainty.