• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.110-114
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• 1999

We reviewed the results of arthroscopic surgery in patients with rotator cuff disease. Arthroscopic subacromial decompression(ASD) was performed on 22 patients with rotator cuff disease who had not responded to nonoperative measures. In the patients who had a complete tear of the rotator cuff(four of ten Neer's stage III patients), mini-open repair also was performed. Results were determined by questioning patients about their satisfaction with the outcome of surgery and by functional assessment of the shoulder with the parameters of pain, function, and range of motion according to the UCLA shoulder rating scale. The average follow-up was 21 months. The results were sixteen(72%) excellent, three(14%) good, two(9%) fair, and one(5%) poor. The following variables were analyzed to assess their influence on final outcome; duration of preoperative symptoms, Neer's stage(extent of damage to the cuff), type of acromion. Satisfactory results were achieved in thirteen of fourteen patients(93%) who had duration of preoperative symptoms below one year, and in four of six(67%) above 2 years. And satisfactory results were achieved in eleven of twelve patients(92%) who had Neer's stage II and in eight of ten(80%) stage III and achieved in six of seven patients(86%) who had Bigliani's acromion type I, in nine of eleven(82%) type II, and in four of four(100%) type III. There are multiple factors that may influence the recovery after ASD or the eventual outcome. However, although there is still a controversy about the pathogenesis of rotator cuff disease, We found that arthroscopic subacromial decompression and mini-open repair in patients with rotator cuff disease were well enough documented to be considered a standard treatment.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.166-170
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• 2003

삼백초가 TCDD 투여로 유발된 rat의 지질대사에 미치는 효과를 알아보기 위해 NTT, TTA, STT군으로 각각 10마리씩 나누어 TCDD를 투여하고 4주 동안 물질을 투여하였다. 4주 후 희생시켜서 혈청과 간의 지질대사를 관찰한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. Total Cholesterol에서 삼백초를 투여한 STT군은 NTT군 비교해서 14.46% 증가하였으며, 혈청 중의 HDL-Cholesterol은 SST군이 TTA군과 비교하여 21.29% 증가하였고 94.98%로 엑제되었다. LDL-Cholesterol에서는 STT군이 TTA군 보다 12.86% 감소하였으며, 48.34%로 억제되었다. 2. 혈청중의 TG의 함량은 TTA군이 NTT군에 비해 34.84% 증가하였다. TTA 군에 비해 STT군은 7.06% 감소하였으며, 18.9% 억제시킨다 3. 간조직 중의 MDA량은 STT군이 TTA군에 비해 17.14% 감소하였고, 32.72%의 억제율을 보였다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제58권5호
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• pp.81-90
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• 2016

Due to droughts and water shortages causing severe damage to crops and other vegetations, much attention has been given to efficient irrigation for upland farming. However, little information has been known to measure soil moisture levels in a field scale and apply their spatial variability for proper irrigation scheduling. This study aimed to characterize the spatial variability and temporal stability of soil water contents at depths of 10 cm, 20 cm and 30 cm on flat (loamy soil) and hill-slope fields (silt-loamy soil). Field monitoring of soil moisture contents was used for variogram analysis using GS+ software. Kriging produced from the structural parameters of variogram was applied for the means of spatial prediction. The overall results showed that the surface soil moisture presented a strong spatial dependence at the sampling time and space in the field scale. The coefficient variation (CV) of soil moisture was within 7.0~31.3 % in a flat field and 8.3~39.4 % in a hill-slope field, which was noticeable in the dry season rather than the rainy season. The drought assessment analysis showed that only one day (Dec. 21st) was determined as dry (20.4 % and 24.5 % for flat and hill-slope fields, respectively). In contrary to a hill-slope field where the full irrigation was necessary, the centralized irrigation scheme was appeared to be more effective for a flat field based on the spatial variability of soil moisture contents. The findings of this study clearly showed that the geostatistical analysis of soil moisture contents greatly contributes to proper irrigation scheduling for water-efficient irrigation with maximal crop productivity and environmental benefits.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.39-49
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• 1994

It has been believed that antioxidant enzymes such as CuZn- and Mn-superoxide dismutase and catalase protect the tissue from damage resulting from the oxygen derived free radicals($O_2\;^-$, $H_2O_2$ and OH ). The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between activity of antioxidant enzymes including CuZn- and Mn- superoxide dismutase and catalase and inflammatory periodontal disease and periodontal parameters. For this study, the patients were classified into normal, gingivitis, adult periodontitis and rapidly progressive periodontitis, and then their papillary bleeding index(PBI) and probing depth were checked. Gingival tissues were surgically obtained from the patients during periodontal surgery, extraction, and clinical crown lengthening procedure. The activity of CuZn- and Mn- superoxide dismutase and catalase in the gingival tissues was measured by using UV-spectrophotometer by the same methods as Crapo et al. And Aebi did, respectively. The results were as follows : 1. CuZn- and Mn- and total-superoxide dismutase activity were significantly low in rapidly progressive periodontitis group in comparison to normal group (P<0.05). 2. In comparison of the antioxidant enzyme activity according to papillary bleeding index group(PBI), Mn-superoxide dismutase activity only was significantly lower in PBI 2, 3, and 4 groups than PBI 0 group(P<0.05). 3. Superoxide dismutase activity failed to show any significant difference according to probing depth. But significant]y high catalase activity was shown in deep pocket group (${\ge}7mm$)(P<0.05). In conclusion, these results suggest that the activity of Mn-superoxide dismutase among the antioxidant enzymes may reflect the inflammatory status of gingival tissue and that the decreased activity of superoxide dismutase may be one of responsibe factors for progression of rapidly progressive periodontitis.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.102-106
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• 2009

We exposed ICR mice to low-dose (0.2 Gy) and low-dose-rate (0.7 mGy/h) $\gamma$-radiation ($^{137}Cs$) in the Low-dose-rate Irradiation Facility at the Radiation Health Research Institute to evaluate systemic effects of low-dose radiation. We compared the body and organ weights, number of blood cells (white and red blood cells and platelets), levels of biochemical markers in serum, and frequency of micronuclei in polychromatic erythrocytes between low-dose irradiated and non-irradiated control mice. The ICR mice irradiated with total doses of 0.2 and 2 Gy showed no changes in body and organ weights, number of blood cells (white and red blood cells), or frequency of micronuclei in the polychromatic erythrocytes of peripheral blood. However, the number of platelets (P = 0.002) and the liver weight (P < 0.01) were significantly increased in mice exposed to 0.2 and 2 Gy, respectively. These results suggest that a low-dose-rate of 0.7 mGy/h does not induce systemic damage. This dose promotes hematopoiesis in the bone marrow microenvironment and the proliferation of liver cells. In the future, the molecular biological effects of lower doses and dose rates need to be evaluated.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.155-162
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• 2008

과일의 품질은 여러가지 파라미터에 의해 측정되며, 크기를 측정하기 위한 선과시스템은 회전 드럼식 방식이 사용되며 크기 등급을 선별할 때 과실의 손상이 발생된다. 또한, 당도측정을 위해 사용되는 광검출기는 고가의 선별장비 비용을 초래한다. 제안한 시스템에서는 과일의 특징을 추출하기 위해 3대의 카메라를 이용하였으며, 과일 선별을 위해부피와숙성도정보를사용하므로당도 자체는 측정할 수없지만색상과파손의정보를검출할수있으므로 고해상도의 디지털영상이 필요치 않아 저렴한 비용으로 선과시스템을 개발하였다. 제안한 시스템의 성능평가를 위해 인간의 시각판단과 비교하여 샘플을 분류한 결과 약 96.7%의 정확도를 나타내었다.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.280-285
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• 2008

Gurson model과 shear failure model 두 가지 파괴모델을 이용하여 노치인장시험과 초기 균열을 가지는 파쇄튜브의 압축거동을 유한요소법으로 해석하였다. Shear failure model의 파라미터 값은 노치인장시편의 시험 및 해석을 통하여 결정하였다. 항복강도와 파괴전단변형률 등의 파라미터 값을 정한 후, Gurson model과 shear failure model을 파쇄튜브의 해석에 적용하였다. Gurson model과 shear failure model이 인장시편에 대하여는 비슷한 파괴 거동을 보여주지만 파쇄튜브의 압축력과 균열 성장 속도에서는 다른 결과를 보임을 확인하였다. 즉, shear failure model에서는 Gurson model에 비하여 균열이 전파되기 위해 더 큰 압축력이 요구되었다. 이러한 현상은 shear failure model 이 재질의 손상 과정에 대한 고려를 포함하고 있지 않기 때문인 것으로 생각된다. 어느 모델이 튜브의 해석에 적당한 지를 실험을 통하여 검증할 필요가 있다.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.266-270
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• 2003

We studied BCl$_3$ dry etching of GaAs in a planar inductively coupled plasma system. The investigated process parameters were planar ICP source power, chamber pressure, RIE chuck power and gas flow rate. The ICP source power was varied from 0 to 500 W. Chamber pressure, RIE chuck power and gas flow rate were controlled from 5 to 15 mTorr, 0 to 150 W and 10 to 40 sccm, respectively. We found that a process condition at 20 sccm $BCl_3$ 300 W ICP, 100 W RIE and 7.5 mTorr chamber pressure gave an excellent etch result. The etched GaAs feature depicted extremely smooth surface (RMS roughness < 1 nm), vertical sidewall, relatively fast etch rate (> $3000\AA$/min) and good selectivity to a photoresist (> 3 : 1). XPS study indicated a very clean surface of the material after dry etching of GaAs. We also noticed that our planar ICP source was successfully ignited both with and without RIE chuck power, which was generally not the case with a typical cylindrical ICP source, where assistance of RIE chuck power was required for turning on a plasma and maintaining it. It demonstrated that the planar ICP source could be a very versatile tool for advanced dry etching of damage-sensitive compound semiconductors.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.200-204
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• 2009

This study was performed to evaluate the effects of reduced L-glutathione on the oxidant/antioxidant status(superoxide dismutase(SOD), catalase(CAT), glutathione peroxidase(GPx), protein carbonyl and lipid hydroperoxide(LPO) concentration), renal function(blood urea nitrogen(BUN) and serum creatinine levels), and microscopy of renal tissues in pigs undergoing unilateral renal ischemia-reperfusion(I/R). Sixteen Landrace and Yorkshire mixed-breed pigs were divided randomly into two groups: untreated control group and reduced L-glutathione-treated group(4 mg/kg IV). Each group had 8 pigs. Pigs were unilaterally nephrectomized and the kidney was subject to 30 min of renal pedicle occlusion. Blood samples for biochemical assay were collected on days 1, 3, 5, 7, and 14 post nephrectomy. Renal I/R injury were evaluated histopathologically by the microscopic observation of renal tissue sections and biochemically by the measurement of the plasma creatinine and urea levels. Parameters of oxidative stress such as SOD, GPx, CAT, protein carbonyl and LPO were measured. The elevation of creatine and BUN levels was lower in the treated group, compared with the control group. The activities of antioxidant-enzyme were higher in the treated group, compared with the control group. In histological findings, the severity of damage in the reduced L-glutathione treated group was less when compared to the control group.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.125-130
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• 2006

The number of the living endothelial cells and the shape of those are very import clinical parameters for the evaluation of the quality of cornea. In this paper, we developed the automated endothelial cell counting and shape analysis algorithm for a confocal microscope. Since, the endothelial images from the confocal microscope has a non-uniform illumination and low contrast between cell boundaries and cell bodies, it is very difficult to segment the cells from the endothelial images. To cope with these difficulties, we proposed the new two stage image processing algorithm. At first stage algorithm, we used a high-pass filter and histogram equalization to compensate the non-uniform brightness pattern and a morphological filter and a watershed method are applied to detect the boundary of cells. From this stage, we could count the number of cells in an endothelial image. At second stage algorithm, we used a Voronoi diagram method to classify the shape of cells. This cell shape analysis and the percent of hexagonal cells are very sensitive in detecting the early endothelium damage. To evaluate the performance of the proposed system, we p개cessed seven endothelial images obtained using a confocal microscope. The proposed system correctly counted 95.5% cells and classified 92.0% of hexagonal cell shapes. This result is better than any others in this research area.