• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.31-36
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• 2010

We analyzed antioxidant and quinone reductase (QR) inductive activities of various organs of pepper for utilizing by-product of them. Peppers were separated into fruits, roots, stems, and leaves and extracted with methanol for the analysis. As a result, pepper leaves showed higher phenol content than other organs. Using the DPPH assay, there was not considerably different activity depending on pepper organs, but pepper leaves showed significantly higher antioxidant activity using the ABTS assay. In FTC and TBA assay, stems and leaves showed significantly higher lipidperoxidation inhibitory activity. In QR inductive assay, pepper tissues showed different QR inductive activity: leaves>roots>>stems>fruits. In addition, pepper leaves showed highest antiproliferation activity on hepa1c1c7 among pepper tissues in $50-200\;{\mu}g/mL$. These results indicate that pepper leaves have high potential to be a good functional food material due to high QR inductive and antioxidant activities.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.341-348
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• 2007

The antioxidative effect and antimutagenic capacity in ethanol extracts of Lentinus edodes were studied for suggestion of prevention and dietetic treatment of chronic diseases and development of antioxidative and antimutagenic functional food by employing biological and biochemical assay. The $IC_{50}$ of MDA with BSA conjugation reaction, lipid peroxidation and scavenging effect on DPPH radical in ethanol extracts of Lentinus edodes showed 74.58 mg/assay, 5.747 mg/assay and 0.939 mg/assay respectively. So, the most effective antioxidative capacity in ethanol extracts of Lentinus edodes was the scavenging effect on DPPH radical, among the method used this study. The indirect and direct antimutagenic effects of ethanol extracts of Lentinus edodes were examined by Ames test using Salmonella typimurium TA98 and TA100. The inhibition rates on indirect mutagenicity mediated by 2-anthramine showed 91.67% in the Salmonella typimurium TA98 and 96.60% in the Salmonella typimurium TA100. The inhibitory effect on direct mutagenicity mediated by sodium azide in Salmonella typimurium TA100 was 22.83%. and mediated by 2-nitrofluorene in Salmonella typimurium TA98 was 5.34%. This data indicates that ethanol extracts of Lentinus edodes have more effective effects on indirect mutagenicity than direct mutagenicity. From this result, it believed to have a possible antioxidative and antimutagenic capacities, and taken for the candidate of prevention and dietetic treatment of chronic diseases and development of antioxidative and antimutagenic functional food.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.117-126
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• 2015

Objectives : This study was an analysis of the anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative and skin whitening properties of Gamioncheong-decoctione(GMOCD) extract. Methods : GMOCD(96 g) and 2 L of distilled water were heated at $100^{\circ}C$ for four hours and then concentrated, frozen, freeze-dried, dissolved in distilled water and filtered. The following analysis was completed: cell cytotoxic effect using MTT assay, oxidative products of NO by griess assay, concentration of prostaglandin $E_2(PGE_2)$ by commercially competitive enzyme immunoassay, and cytokines($IL-1{\beta}$, IL-6 and TNF-${\alpha}$) by Bio-Plex$^{(R)}$ Suspension Array System's Bio-Plex Pro$^{TM}$ mouse cytokine, chemokine, and growth factor assay. Anti-oxidative effect was measured using the DPPH method and skin whitening effect using tyrosinase inhibition assay. Results : GMOCD water-extract did not show any toxicity at all doses and cell viability was more than 90 % at all doses. GMOCD water-extract significantly inhibited NO production at doses of 100, 200, $400{\mu}g/ml$, significantly inhibited $PGE_2$ production at doses of 200 and $400{\mu}g/ml$ and reduced the LPS-induced IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6 and TNF-${\alpha}$ production in a dose-dependent manner. $IL-1{\beta}$ production was significantly reduced at a dose of $400{\mu}g/ml$ and IL-6 production was significantly reduced at doses of 200 and $400{\mu}g/ml$. DPPH free radical scavenging capability had a skin whitening effect rate of more than 50%. Tyrosinase inhibition activity was apparent in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusions : This study suggests that GMOCD water-extract suppressed NO and $PGE_2$ production and inhibited cytokines($IL-1{\beta}$, IL-6 and TNF-${\alpha}$). GMOCD also improved DPPH free radical scavenging capability. GMOCD water-extract increased tyrosinase inhibitory activity in a dose-dependent manner but this was not a statistically significant result.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.126-134
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• 2007

This study reviewed the application of an extract from Kalopanax pictus stem bark and root bark as natural antioxidants. To investigate the effect on cell toxic level against transformed mouse fibroblast L929 in formula added with various extracts from Kalopanax pictus stem bark and root bark, this experiment was carried out by in vitro cytotoxicity method. Using DCFA-DA method, oxidative stress in cell was measured with other antioxidant activity methods including DPPH assay and NBT assay. Active oxygen inhibition rate for root bark insoluble hot water extracts showed the highest with 57.9% for 15 min treatment. In DPPH and NBT test, antioxidant activities of methanol extract from stem bark and insoluble hot water extract from stem bark were 96% (at 0.1%) and 95% (at 0.5%), respectively.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.26 no.7
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• pp.782-788
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• 2016

To check the possibility of using natural extracts for cosmetic substances, we tested the bioactive effects of 11 crude extracts originating from native plants grown in the Republic of Korea on anti-oxidant and anti-wrinkle activities. When DPPH scavenging activities were measured, the crude extracts of Vitex rotundifolia, Scirpus triangulatus, S. wichurae, S. tabernaemontani, and Aeschynomene indica assays had more than 70% of DPPH scavenging activities at 100 μg/ml concentration. The data from the hydrogen peroxide scavenging assay revealed that the crude extracts from the 10 species, except for Eleocharis mamillata var. cyclocarpa, could scavenge more than 90% at 1,000 μg/ml concentration. The crude extract of V. rotundifolia had the highest xanthine oxidase scavenging activity at a 1,000 μg/ml concentration. Based on the four anti-oxidant assays, the crude extracts of V. rotundifolia, S. triangulatus, S. wichurae, S. tabernaemontani, and A. indica were shown to have excellent anti-oxidant capacities overall. In addition to the anti-oxidant capacities, the crude extract from S. wichurae exhibited high collagenase inhibitory activity, therefore, it could be a promising candidate for a cosmetic ingredient with anti-oxidant and anti-wrinkle qualities. The results of this study indicate that many wild plants native to the Korea Peninsula can be used as excellent natural substances for cosmetics based on their bioactive effects.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.34-42
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• 2022

Objectives : Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease caused by dopaminergic neuronal death in the substantia nigra pars compacta. PD is known to be linked with mitochondrial dysfunction and increased oxidative stress. In this study, anti-cytotoxic and anti-oxidative effect of 12 herbal formulae were compared. Methods : According to experts' advice, 12 types of herbal formulae (Gamisoyosan, Galgeuntang, Galgeunhaegitang, Banhabaekchoolcheonmatang, Bojungikgitang, Boheotang, Sihogyejitang, Sihosogantang, Sihocheonggantang, Ojeoksan, Cheongsanggyeontongtang and Palmultang) were selected from 56 types of herbal formulae covered by the National Health Insurance Service in Korea. To detect anti-oxidative effect, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay was performed, and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was performed to detect anti-cytotoxic effect of 12 herbal formulae using SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells. Results : In DPPH assay, anti-oxidant activity was increased in a dose-dependent manner and half maximal inhibitory concentration was highest in the order of Galgeuntang, Gamisoyosan, Galgeunhaegitang, Ojeoksan, Palmultang, Sihogyejitang, Sihosogantang, Cheongsanggyeontongtang, Sihocheonggantang, Bojungikgitang, Boheotang and Banhabaekchoolcheonmatang. In MTT assay, concentration of 80% cell survival was highest in the order of Sihosogantang, Cheongsanggyeontongtang, Sihocheonggantang, Sihogyejitang, Bojungikgitang, Galgeuntang, Ojeoksan, Boheotang, Palmultang, Galgeunhaegitang, Banhabaekchoolcheonmatang and Gamisoyosan. Formulae with more than 50% DPPH radical scavenging activity at concentrations for 80% cell survival were Sihosogantang, Cheongsanggyeontongtang, Sihogyejitang, Galgeuntang and Sihocheonggantang. Conclusions : Sihosogantang, Cheongsanggyeontongtang, Sihogyejitang, Galgeuntang and Sihocheonggantang extracts can be candidate medicines for PD, but the effect should be validated in PD models.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.136-143
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• 2019

In this study, we analyze the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of various extracts of Cryptoporus volvatus. Three extracts were prepared using hot-water, 70% ethanol, and 70% methanol. Compared to the hot-water and 70% methanol extracts, the 70% C. volvatus ethanol extracts showed significantly higher DPPH radical scavenging activities (76.1%), nitrite scavenging activities (29.5%), and total polyphenol content (9.17 mg GAE/g). The DPPH radical and nitrite scavenging activities of C. volvatus both correlated significantly with the total polyphenol content. The Pearson's correlation coefficient of DPPH radical and nitrite scavenging activities with total polyphenol content were r = 0.744 (p<0.05) and r = 0.921 (p<0.01), respectively. To test their anti-inflammatory effects, nitric oxide production and cell viability were measured by performing nitric oxide (NO) and MTT assays on lipopolysaccharide-treated RAW 264.7 cells. The NO production levels of the 70% ethanol extract-treated cells were slightly lower than those of the others. In our MTT assay, the hot-water extracts showed higher cell viabilities (81.4%) than those of 70% ethanol and 70% methanol extracts. The ${\beta}$-glucan content of C. volvatus was 37.8%. From the results of this study, it is suggested that C. volvatus, an easily accessible wild mushroom, has potential to be used in the development of medicines, cosmetics, and functional health foods.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.63-72
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• 2013

To develop a new anti-skin aging cosmetics or functional foods by using antioxidative activity and collagenase inhibitor, a potent collagenase or elastase inhibitor was screened from various extracts of medicinal plants and its optimal extraction condition was investigated. And antioxidative activity, antimicrobial activity and inhibitory of effect against collagenase activity were investigated. In the these results, we selected the Sanguisorba (Sanguisorba officinalis L.) that presents a potential biological activities. Sanguisorba which is very rich in triterpenoid saponin and tannins was recently reported its anti-oxidant activities and phytoestogenic activities in vivo test and many clinical studies. The experiments were carried out in vitro to determine anti-oxidant activities of Sanguisorba extracts on DPPH radical scavenging activity assay, Superoxidase scavenging activity assay, Elastase and collagenase activity assay. It show that the Sanguisorba extracts have the most significant anti-oxidant on free radical scavenging activity assay, and also inhibited significantly activities of elastase, collagenase. Further, Sanguisorba extracts are activated Type I collagen protein expression in CCD-986sk cells. These result suggest that the Sanguisorba extracts on DPPH radical scavenging activity assay, Superoxidase scavenging activity assay, elastase and collagenase activity assay, Type I collagen protein expression in CCD-986sk cells effected could be developed cosmetic ingredients for anti-aging.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.65-75
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• 2012

Objectives : Cosmeceutical activities such as anti-oxidative and anti-aging effects of the Doinseunguitang and its composition, a traditional prescription, were evaluated. Methods : We performed MTT assay, melanin synthesis inhibition assay, DPPH free radical scavenging assay, SOD-like activity, xanthine oxidase inhibition assay, astringent activity assay, tyrosinase inhibition assay, elastase and collagenase inhibition assay. Results : The results were obtained as follows : DPPH free radical scavenging of water extract Doinseunguitang (DISG) and ethanol extract DISG was 60% and 50% at 1,000 ppm. Xanthine oxidase inhibition effect of ethanol extract showed more than 80% at 500 ppm. Tyrosinase inhibition and inhibition melanin synthesis activities were measured in 40% and 50% at 1,000 ppm and 100 ppm. Elastase and collagenase inhibition rate of ethanol extracts DISG 40% and 80% at 1,000 ppm. It was concluded that compositive ingredients (Persicae Seman, Glycyrrhizae Radix, Cinnamomi Ramulus, Rhei Rhizoma) influenced the most results. Conclusions : The results indicated that, ethanol extract which is superior in its anti-oxidative and anti-aging effects is useful to be applied in herbal cosmetic industry.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.35 no.8
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• pp.1097-1101
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• 2006

In this study, seven species of seaweeds (Sargassum horneri, Grateloupia filicina, Kjellmaniella crassifolia, Porphyra tenera, Ecklonia stolonifera, Scytosiphon lomentaria, Agarum cribrosum) from Gangwon coast were collected for antioxidative assays. The methanol soluble and insoluble (water soluble) fraction which were prepared from 75% methanol extraction were assayed by DPPH method and deoxyribose assay. The antioxidative activity of methanol soluble fraction of Agarum, Scytosiphon and Sargassum reached to 26.60%, 24.28% and 23.40%, respectively. The antioxidative activities of methanol insoluble fractions of the Kjellmaniella and Porphyra were assayed to 29.70% and 21.01% which were higher than methanol soluble fractions with the values of 9.26% and 8.66%, respectively. The results from DPPH assay and deoxyribose assay showed the methanol soluble fractions of Agarum and Sargassum have strong antioxidative activity. However the methanol insoluble (water soluble) fractions of seaweeds did not show any meaningful antioxidant activity excepted Kjellmaniella and Porphyra.