• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.23-32
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• 2006

In order to investigate the molecular basis of the aging process in brain, we have employed high-density oligonucleotide microarrays providing data on 10,108 gene clusters to define transcriptional patterns in three brain regions, cerebral cortex, cerebellum, and hippocampus. Comparison of the expression patterns between young (6-week-old) and aged (17-month-old) C57BL/6 male micerevealed that about ten percent (1098) of the genes showed a significant change in the expression level in at least one of the three tissues. Among them, 23 genes were upregulated and 62 genes were downregulated in all three tissues of the old mice. The number of genes upregulated exclusively in hippocampus (337) was much larger compared to other tissues. Gene ontology-based analysis showed the genes related with signal transduction or molecular transports are more likely to be upregulated than downregulated in the aging process of hippocampus. These data may provide some useful means for elucidating the molecular aspect of aging in hippocampus and other regions in brain.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.43-48
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• 2011

Even though exposure to benzene has been linked to a variety of cancers including leukemia, the detailed molecular mechanisms relevant to benzene-induced carcinogenesis remain to be clearly elucidated. In this study, we evaluated the effects of benzene on differential gene expression in a leukemia cell line. The K562 leukemia cell line used in this study was cultured for 3 h with 10 mM benzene and RNA was extracted. To analyze the gene expression profiles, a 41,000 human whole genome chip was employed for cDNA microarray analysis. We initially identified 6,562 genes whose expression was altered by benzene treatment. Among these, 3,395 genes were upregulated and 3,167 genes were downregulated by more than 2-fold, respectively. The results of functional classification showed that the identified genes were involved in biological pathways including transcription, cell proliferation, the cell cycle, and apoptosis. These gene expression profiles should provide us with further insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying benzene-induced carcinogenesis, including leukemia.

• BMB Reports
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.146-152
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• 2008

In the presence of NGF, PC12 cells extend neuronal processes, cease cell division, become electrically excitable, and undergo several biochemical changes that are detectable in developing sympathetic neurons. We investigated the expression pattern of the apoptosis-related genes at each stage of neuronal differentiation using a cDNA microarray containing 320 apoptosis-related rat genes. By comparing the expression patterns through time-series analysis, we identified candidate genes that appear to regulate neuronal differentiation. Among the candidate genes, HO2 was selected by real-time PCR and Western blot analysis. To identify the roles of selected genes in the stages of neuronal differentiation, transfection of HO2 siRNA in PC12 cells was performed. Down-regulation of HO2 expression causes a reduction in neuronal differentiation in PC12 cells. Our results suggest that the HO2 gene could be related to the regulation of neuronal differentiation levels.

• 한국식물병리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물병리학회 2003년도 정기총회 및 추계학술발표회
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• pp.67.1-67
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• 2003

Phytophthora blight is a devastating disease of pepper and occurs almost anywhere peppers are grown. Phytophthora blight is caused by Phytophthora capsici and this pathogen can infect every part of the plant by moving inoculum in the soil, by infecting water on surface, by aerial dispersal to sporulating lesions. Management of Phytophthora blight currently relies on cultural practices, crop rotation, and use of selective fungicides. Since these treatments are a short-term management, a classical breeding for development of resistant pepper against the Phytophthora is an alternative. So far some of the resistant cultivars have been on the market, but those are limited regionally and commercially. Therefore, ultimately an elite line resistant against this disease should be developed, if possible, by biotechnology. We have set out a series of work recently in order to develop Phytophthora resistant pepper cultivar. For the first time, the cDNA microarray analysis was peformed using an EST chip that holds around 5000 pepper EST clones to identify genes responsive to Phytophthora infection. Total RNA samples were obtained from Capsicum annuum PI201234 after inoculating P. capsici to roots and soil and exposed to the chip. .Around 900 EST clones were up-regulated and down-regulated depending on the two RNA sample tissues, leaf and root. From those, we have found 55 transcription factors that may be involved in gene regulation of the disease defense mechanism. Further and in detail information will be provided in the poster.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.173-178
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• 2011

Objective : The rat middle cerebral artery thread-occlusion model has been widely used to investigate the pathophysiological mechanisms of stroke and to develop therapeutic treatment. This study was conducted to analyze energy metabolism, apoptotic signal pathways, and genetic changes in the hippocampus of the ischemic rat brain. Methods : Focal transient cerebral ischemia was induced by obstructing the middle cerebral artery for two hours. After 24 hours, the induction of ischemia was confirmed by the measurement of infarct size using 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. A cDNA microarray assay was performed after isolating the hippocampus, and was used to examine changes in genetic expression patterns. Results : According to the cDNA microarray analysis, a total of 1,882 and 2,237 genes showed more than a 2-fold increase and more than a 2-fold decrease, respectively. When the genes were classified according to signal pathways, genes related with oxidative phosphorylation were found most frequently. There are several apoptotic genes that are known to be expressed during ischemic brain damage, including Akt2 and Tnfrsf1a. In this study, the expression of these genes was observed to increase by more than 2-fold. As energy metabolism related genes grew, ischemic brain damage was affected, and the expression of important genes related to apoptosis was increased/decreased.Conclusion : Our analysis revealed a significant change in the expression of energy metabolism related genes (Atp6v0d1, Atp5g2, etc.) in the hippocampus of the ischemic rat brain. Based on this data, we feel these genes have the potential to be target genes used for the development of therapeutic agents for ischemic stroke.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.135-140
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• 2003

Bacillus sp.는 다량의 효소와 기능성 펩타이드들을 세포외로 분비하는 것으로 알려져 있다. Signal recognition particle (SRP)과 SRP receptor는 세포외 분비 단백질의 이동에 있어서 중심적 역할을 담당한다. B. lentimorbus WJ5의 DNA microarray 결과, 감마선 조사로 유도된 항진균 활성 결핍 돌연변이체인 WJ5m12에서 B. subtilis srb homologue (srbL)의 발현이 감소되는 것을 관찰할 수 있었다. SRP receptor와 항진균 활성 사이의 연관성을 고찰하기 위하여 B. lentimorbus WJ5의 srbL을 PCR로 증폭하여 pQE30 vector에 클로닝 하였으며, B. lentimorbus WJ5m12에 형질전환 시켰다. 형질전환된 B. lentimorbus WJ5m12::srbL은 항진균 활성이 복원되었다. 이차원 전기영동 결과, 수 종의 세포외 분비 단백질의 전구체들이 항진균 활성 결핍 돌연변이 균주에서 축적되었고 B.lentimorbus WJ5m12::srbL에서는 야생형 균주의 단백질 수준까지 감소되는 현상을 관찰할 수 있었다. 이는 B.lentimorbus WJ5의 항진균 활성 관련 물질의 이동에 있어서 srbL이 중요한 역할을 한다는 것을 암시한다.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.291-299
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• 2006

The experiments investigated whether early exposure to testosterone propionate (TP) during prepuberty alters testis development in Sprague-Dawley male rats. We performed Hershberger assay using the stimulated weanling male rats by OECD protocols, cDNA microarray, and Western blot. TP was subcutaneously injected to uncastrated Sprague-Dawley male rat of 22 days old for 10 consecutive days at doses of 0.4, 0.8, 1.0, 1.2, 1.6 mg/kg per day. At necropsy, the following tissues were removed and weighed: combined testes, epididymides (Epi), Cowper's glands (COW), levator am, and bulbocavernosus muscles (LABC), seminal vesicles, together with coagulating gland (SV) and ventral prostate (VP). We found that TP increased the weights of Epi, VP, SV, COW, and LABC, while testis was decreased in a dose-dependent manner. In cDNA microarray analysis of testis, there were significant reductions in the expression of cytochrome P450 11A (CYP11A), the rate-limiting enzyme of steroidogenesis. Taken together these results, TP exposure before puberty in male rats may produce the delay in testis development by inhibiting the CYP11A gene expression.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제40권
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• pp.10.1-10.6
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• 2018

Background: The objective of this study was to evaluate the changes in gene expression after incubation of cells with proteins released from different silk mat layers. Methods: A silk cocoon from Bombyx mori was separated into four layers of equal thickness. The layers were numbered from 1 to 4 (from the inner to the outer layer). The proteins were released by sonication of a silk mat layer in normal saline. The concentration of proteins was determined by spectrophotometry. They were incubated with RAW264.7 cells, and changes in the expression of genes were evaluated by cDNA microarray analysis and quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Results: Layer 1 and 4 groups had higher protein concentrations compared to those in layer 2 and 3 groups. The genes associated with inflammation and angiogenesis showed significantly higher expression in layer 1 and 4 groups. The results of qRT-PCR were in agreement with those of the cDNA microarray analysis. Conclusions: The silk mat from the middle portion of the silkworm cocoon yielded a lower protein release and caused an insignificant change in the expression of genes that are associated with inflammation and angiogenesis.

• 대한치과보존학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한치과보존학회 2003년도 제120회 추계학술대회 제 5차 한ㆍ일 치과보존학회 공동학술대회
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• pp.545-545
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• 2003

Chitosan is applied as a dressing for oral mucous wound and a tampon following radical treatment of maxillary sinus. Furthermore, it is being investigated as an absorbing membrane for endodontic and periodontic surgeries. A few studies have reported osteoconduction and osteogenesia at the site of chitosan implant in vivo. However, compared with soft tissue healing processes, the mechanisms concerning effects of chitosan for biological mineralization have not yet been resoil In the present study, we studied the gene expression pattern using cDNA microarray and RT-PCR analyses in hard tissue forming osteoblasts cultured with water-soluble and low molecular weight chitooligosaccharide. cDNA microarray analysis revealed that 16 genes were expressed at 〉1.5-fold higher signal ratio levels in the experimental group compared with the control group after 3 days. RT-PCR analysis showed that chitosan oligomer induced an increase in the expression of two genes, CD56 antigen and tissue-type plasminogen activator. Furthermore, the expression of mRNAs for BMP-2 was almost identical in the experimental and control groups after 3 days of culture, but slightly increased after 7 days of culture with chitosan oligomer. These results suggest that a super-low concentration of chitooligosaccharide could modulate the activity of osteoblastic cells through mRNA levels and that the genes concerning cell proliferation and differentiation can be controlled by water-soluble chitosan.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.315-320
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• 2008

오늘날 인간 genome프로젝트와 같은 종합적인 연구의 궁극적 목적을 달성하기 위해서는 이들 연구로부터 획득한 대량의 관련 데이터에 대해 새로운 현실적 의미를 부여할 수 있어야 한다. 이러한 맥락에서 유전자 발현 분석 시스템과 염기 서열 분석 시스템의 구축이 포스트 genome 시대를 맞이하여 새롭게 주복을 받고 있다. 최근에는 종양의 특정 부 클래스가 특정 염색체와 관련되어 있다는 사실이 밝혀지면서, 마이크로어레이는 유전자 발현 정보를 기반으로 암의 분류와 예측을 통한 진단 분야에도 활용되기 시작했다. 본 논문에서는 암에 걸린 흰쥐 외피 기간 세포 분화 실험에서 얻어진 3840 유전자의 마이크로어레이 cDNA를 이용하여 데이터의 정규화를 거쳐 정보력 있는 유전자 목록을 별도로 추출할 수 있는 시스템을 고안하고 보다 정보력 있는 유전자를 선택하기 위해 조합 방법을 제안하였다. 그리고 제안한 시스템과 방법론의 가능성을 실험을 통해 검증하였다. 그 결과 PC-ED 조합이 98.74%의 정확도와 0.04%의 MSE를 보여 단일 유사성 척도를 사용하여 유전자 목록을 생성하고 실험을 수행한 경우보다 분류 성능이 향상되었다.