• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.261-266
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• 2003

Background: Surgery of abdominal aortic aneurysm revealed high operative mortality. We reviewed our 11-years' experiences of abdominal aortic aneurysm operation and wish to obtain information on the treatment. Material and Method: From Jan. 1990 to Dec. 2000, 48 patients were operated due to abdominal aortic aneurysm in Yonsei Cardiovascular Center Mean age was $62.8{\pm}12.7$ and there were 40 males and 8 females. Among 48 patients, nine patients had ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm, and mean aneurysm diameter of non-ruptured cases was $8.8{\pm}2.4$cm. Result: There were 6 early deaths, and early mortality was 12.5%. Among 9 patients of preoperative aneurysm rupture, three patients died (33.3%), and among 39 patients of non-ruptured cases, 3 patients died (7.7%). Among preoperative variables, age (p<0.05), preoperative BUN level (p<0.05), and DM (p<0.05) were risk factors of early mortality. Among discharged 42 patients, 40 patients were followed up (f/u rate=95.2%) and mean follow up was $3.6{\pm}0.2$ years. During follow up periods, five patients died (late mortality=11.9%), and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed $81.7{\pm}7.6$% survival rate at five and ten year. Linealized incidence of graft related event was 3.53% per patient-year. Conclusion: Surgical mortality of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm was higher than non-ruptured cases; therefore, early resection of the aneurysm can decrease the surgical mortality.

• Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.359-363
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• 2007

Purpose: Incidental parotid lesions on F-18 FDG-PET can mimic distant metastasis of underlying malignancy. The prevalence and the clinico-pathologic findings of PET positive parotid lesions have not been known. We investigated how often incidental parotid lesions are found on clinical FDG-PET studies and what the clinico-pathologic characteristics of those parotid lesions are in the present study. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 3,344 cases of FDG-PET which had been obtained in our hospital from May 2003 to Dec 2006. The indications of FDG-PET were: evaluation of known/suspected cancer (n= 3,212) or screening of cancer in healthy subjects (n=132). Incidental parotid lesion on FDG-PET was defined as an un-expected FDG uptake in one of parotid glands which was not primary target lesion of current FDG-PET. FDG uptake was represented by maximum standardized uptake value (maxSUV). Final diagnosis was made by pathologic analysis or clinical follow-up assessment. Results: Fifteen (0.45% = 15/3,344) incidental parotid lesions were found and they were all benign lesions. The maxSUV ranged from 1.7 to 8.6 (mean${\pm}$s.d. = $3.7{\pm}1.9$). Final diagnoses of the incidental parotid lesions were; Warthin's tumor (n=2), pleomorphic adenoma (n=1), other un-specified benign lesion (n=1), and benign lesions under bases of imaging studies (n=3) and of clinical follow-up (n=8). Conclusion: All of incidentally found parotid lesions in clinical FDG-PET studies were confirmed as benign lesions with prevalence of 0.45%. Close follow up using PET or CT might be a reasonable approach for determining the nature of incidentally found parotid lesions.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Inherited Metabolic disease
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.23-34
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• 2012

Purpose: Acute symptomatic seizures are caused by structural changes, inflammation or metabolic changes of brain, such as tumor, stroke, meningitis, encephalitis and metabolic disorders. Inherited metabolic disorders that can cause seizures are organic acidopathies, lysosomal storage disorders, peroxisomal disorders and mineral disorders. We have done this study to find out the importance of organic acidopathies causing seizure disorders in Korean childhood and adolescent patients. Method: Retrograde analysis for 1,306 patients with seizure disorders whose clinical informations are available and have done urine organic acid analysis for 5 years period, between Jan. 1st 2007 to Dec. 31th 2011. Statistical analysis was done with Student's t test using SPSS. Result: Out of 1,306 patients, 665 patients (51%) showed abnormalities on urine organic acid analysis. The most frequent disease was mitochondrial respiratory chain disorders (394, 30.1%), followed by mandelic aciduria (127, 9.7%), ketolytic defects (81, 6.2%), 3-hydroxyisobutyric aciduria (19, 1.4%), glutaric aciduria type II (10, 0.8%), ethylmalonic aciduria (4), propionic aciduria (4), methylmalonic aciduria (3), glutaric aciduria type I (3), pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency (3), pyruvate carboxylase deficiency (3), isovaleric aciduria (2), HMG-CoA lyase deficiency (2), 3-methylcrotonylglycinuria (2), fatty acid oxidation disorders (2), fumaric aciduria (1), citrullinemia (1), CPS deficiency (1), MCAD deficiency (1). Conclusion: On neonatal period, mandelic aciduria due to infection was found relatively frequently. Mitochondrial disorders are most frequent etiologic disease on all age group, followed by ketolytic defects and various organic acidopathies. The number and diversities of organic acidopathies emphasize meticulous evaluation of basic routine laboratory examinations and organic acid analysis with initial sample on every seizure patient.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.390-394
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• 2017

Unexpected antibody screening and identification tests are highly important in the prevention of hemolytic transfusion reactions. Therefore, it is highly recommended to perform unexpected antibody screening test in all transfusion candidates. Here, the frequency and distribution of unexpected antibodies identified in Jeju for the past 3 years were evaluated. Between Jan 2014 and Dec 2016, unexpected antibody screening test was performed for 10,360 sera of transfusion candidates in Jeju general hospital using a column agglutination method with the Ortho BioVue system (Ortho-clinical Diagnostics, Raritan, NJ, USA). Eighty-seven (0.84%) of 10,360 cases that underwent unexpected antibiotics screening showed positive results. Among them, unexpected antibodies were identified in 41 cases (0.40%). Unidentified antibodies were detected in 8 cases (19.51%) and autoantibodies were detected in 3 cases (7.32%). The anti-E antibody included in warm antibodies were detected most frequently in 8 cases (19.51%); 6 cases (14.63%) of anti-E + anti-c antibody and 3 cases (7.32%) of $anti-Le^a+anti-Le^b$. $Anti-Le^a$ and $anti-Le^b$ antibodies were detected in 2 cases (4.88%), respectively. The anti-D, $anti-Di^a$, $anti-Fy^b$, $anti-Jk^a$, $anti-Jk^b$, anti-M and anti-P1 were detected in 1 case (2.44%). Complex antibodies were detected in 1 case (2.44%) in anti-C+anti-D and anti-E+anti-c+$anti-Jk^b$, respectively. In this study, we analyzed the frequency and distribution of unexpected antibodies in one general hospital for the past 3 years. However, there has been a general increase in multicultural families and foreign workers in Jeju, and it would be a meaningful study to compare the frequency and distribution of unexpected antibodies.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.215-221
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• 2002

Purpose : This study was done to compare the vitamin A levels between hospitalized patients of measles symptoms and of the other infectious diseases common in childhood (bronchiolitis, penumonia, gastroenteritis and etc.). Methods : We have set up a population of 133 hospitalized patients of measles symptoms in the pediatric department of Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital between Nov. 2000~Apr. 2001 and compared them to a group of 30 hospitalized patients of other infectious diseases between Dec. 2001~Feb. 2002. The whole patients were divided into three groups by diagnosing measles-specific IgM antibody positive as measles group(n=104), negative as measles-susepcted group(n=29) and other infectious disease group. And we compared the vitamin A levels, clinical symptoms, and general hematological and biochemical results. Results : Among the 104 measles patients, the concentrated age groups were 10 12 months(n=24, 23.1%), 13~15 months(n=16, 15.3%) and 16 months~4 years of age(n=24, 23.1%). The mean levels of vitamin A of measles and measles-susepcted groups were $69.6{\pm}28.6{\mu}g/dL$ and $75.2{\pm}34.4{\mu}g/dL$, respectively, and that of other infectious disease group was $28.1{\pm}17.5{\mu}g/dL$. Conclusion : The mean levels of vitamin A of both measles and measles-suspected groups were significantly higher than that of other infectious disease group(P<0.05) and showed no significant correlations with clinical symptoms and hospitalization duration.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.183-191
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• 2004

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical features of staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome(SSSS) isolated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcal aureus(MRSA) with those of SSSS isolated methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcal aureus(MSSA) in children. Methods : We retrospectively reviewed the medical records and microbiological results of 36 cases of SSSS who were admitted to the Pediatric Department of Ulsan Dong-Kang General Hospital from Jan. 1999 to Dec. 2003. Results : Among 36 cases, there were 7 generalized types, 1 abortive type in MRSA group and 5 generalized types, 6 abortive types in MSSA group. The peak incidence of age was between 2 and 5 years in both groups. SSSS were diagnosed with increasing frequency. Most of MRSA group were diagnosed in 2003(6/8). The peak seasonal incidence was fall and winter in both groups. Facial lesion was observed in all cases followed by flexural lesion in both groups. Staphylococci were isolated from the skin and throat most frequently in both groups. Upper respiratory illness and conjunctivitis were most common preceding infections in both groups. Among 8 cases of MRSA group, 4 cases were treated completely with ampicillin-sulbactam. There was no significant difference of mean duration of admission between MRSA group and MSSA group. Conclusion : There was no significant difference of clinical features between MRSA group and MSSA group although generalized types of SSSS were more common in MRSA group than in MSSA group.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.130-136
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• 2006

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to confirm the epidemiologic change of the causative organisms of neonatal and pediatric bacterial meningitis in Korea. And we tried to evaluate the risk factors correlated with prognosis which was available on the day of admission. Methods : Retrospectively, we reviewed the medical records of 57 patients admitted for bacterial meningitis at six hospitals affiliated with Catholic Medical Center for 6 years(Jan. 2000~Dec. 2005). Results : 22 cases(38.6%) of them were neonates under 28 days and 35 cases were infants and children ; 16 cases(28.1%), under 1 year ; 6 cases(10.5%), under 5 years ; 13 cases (22.8%), under 15 years. In neonates, 16 cases(72.7%) were caused by group B streptococcus (GBS). In infants and children, S. pneumoniae(25.7%), H. influenzae type b(Hib)(22.8%) and N. meningitidis(22.8%) were common cause of bacterial meningitis in order. In the informations available on the day of admission, weight deficit for age under 3 percentile, increased CRP level and decreased glucose level of CSF were related to poor prognosis(P<0.05). Conclusion : GBS became a leading cause of neonatal bacterial meningitis. Though, pneumoccocal, Hib and meningococcal meningitis were confirmed as major causes of bacterial meningitis. The routine immunization of pneumococcal and Hib vaccines will be considered, and it is necessary to introduce meningococcal vaccines to our country in the future.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.30-37
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• 2003

Purpose : $Henoch-Sch\"{o}nlein$ purpura(HSP) is usually a self-limited disease with a good eventual outcome. The prognosis of HSP is mainly determined by the renal involvement. In this study, We evaluated children with biopsy-proven $Henoch-Sch\"{o}nlein$ purpura nephritis about the clinical outcome correlated with renal manifestation and morphologic findings. Methods : The clinical features, initial laboratory and pathologic findings, and clinical out-come were evaluated in 60 children with biopsy-proven $Henoch-Sch\"{o}nlein$ purpura nephritis at Yonsei University Severance Hospital during the period from Jan. 1990 to Dec. 2002. Results : The ratio of male to female patients was 1.2:1. The interval between the onset of $Henoch-Sch\"{o}nlein$ purpura and renal manifestation was less than 3 months in 81% of the patients. Initial renal manifestation was microscopic hematuria in 100% of patients, isolated hematuria in 15%, acute nephritic syndrome in 7%, nephrotic syndrome In 22% of patients. Renal manifestation correlated with clinical outcome. Grade II and III were the most common in histologic grades of ISKDC. Renal pathologic finding correlated with clinical outcome. Conclusion : Renal manifestation and pathologic findings correlated with the clinical out-come. It is necessary to evaluate the correlation between pathologic findings and treatment.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.311-319
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• 1993

The retrospective analysis was performed on 37 patients with stage III non small cell lung cancer who received the radiotherapy from Feb. 1986 to Dec. 1990 at the Dept. of Radiation Oncology, National Medical Center. This analysis, with 29 patients $(78.4\%)$ having been followed from 10 to 60 months, was done to know the survival rate and significant prognostic factor. The actuarial 2,5-year survival rates were $20.6\%,6.9\%$ in our all patients and median survival time was 10 months. Of patients with KPS (Karnofsky prformance status) greater than $80\%,$ the 2, 5 year survival rate and median survival time were $29.2\%,9.7\%$ and 13 months, respectively. The 2-year survival rate and median survival time of patients with KPS less than $80\%\;were\;13.7\%$ and 7 months, respectively. The survival difference according to performance status was statisticaly significant $(29.2\%\;vs.\;13.7\%)(p<0.05).$ In stage IIIa, the 2,5-year survival rate and median survival rate and median survival time were $29.2\%,9.7\%$ and 12 months, respectively. The 2-year survival rate and metian survival time of stage IIIb were $8.6\%$ and 10 months, respectively. The survival difference between stage IIIa and IIIb did not show statistical significance (p>0.1). Of the prognostic factors, the difference of survival rate by initial performance status was statistically significant (p<0.05). But the difference of survival rates by pathologic cell type, stage, total radiation dose, radiotherapy response, and cmbination with chemotherapy were not statistically significant.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.261-267
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• 1999

Purpose : In FSRT (Fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy) planning, we studied the usefulness between multiple arc FSRT and conformal FSRT by comparing tumor shape and DVH (dose volume histogram). Materials and Methods In Chungnam Univ. hospital, we had treated the sixteen patients with FSRT from Aug. 1997 to Dec. 1998. In choosing multiple arc FSRT or conformal FSRT, we had considered If (irregular factor) after calculating tumor volume and surface area. We had considered multiple arc FSRT if tumor shape was similar to sphere or the value of If was less than 1.25, conformal FSRT if tumor shape was very irregular or If was more than 1.3. For evaluation of treatment planning, we had considered the appropriate DVH for tumor volume and for critical organs. Results : The errors between reference point and the coordinates point on AP, Lat radiography were less than 1 mm before treatment. We had planned $3\~$5 arcs for multiple arc FSRT, $5\~6$ports for conformal FSRT. The mean dose distribution of tumor volume of cumulative DVH between multiple arc FSRT and conformal FSRT was 90.6, 85%, respectively. The dose of critical organs irradiated was less than $5\%$ maximum dose of cumulative DVH. Conclusion : We had obtained the similar value between multiple arc FSRT and conformal FSRT, so that we had appropriate treatment planning of FSRT for multiple arc FSRT and conformal FSRT according to tumor shape and size.