• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.59-87
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• 2014

In MIS field, the researches on payment services are focused on adoption factors of payment service using behavior theories such as TRA(Theory of Reasoned Action), TAM(Technology Acceptance Model), and TPB (Theory of Planned Behavior). The previous researches presented various adoption factors according to types of payment service, nations, culture and so on even though adoption factors of identical payment service were presented differently by researchers. The payment service industry relatively has strong path dependency to the existing payment methods so that the research results on the identical payment service are different due to payment culture of nation. This paper aims to suggest a successful adoption factor of noble payment service regardless of nation's culture and characteristics of payment and prove it. In previous researches, common adoption factors of payment service are convenience, ease of use, security, convenience, speed etc. But real cases prove the fact that adoption factors that the previous researches present are not always critical to success to penetrate a market. For example, PayByPhone, NFC based parking payment service, successfully has penetrated to early market and grown. In contrast, Google Wallet service failed to be adopted to users despite NFC based payment method which provides convenience, security, ease of use. As shown in upper case, there remains an unexplained aspect. Therefore, the present research question emerged from the question: "What is the more essential and fundamental factor that should takes precedence over factors such as provides convenience, security, ease of use for successful penetration to market". With these cases, this paper analyzes four cases predicted on the following hypothesis and demonstrates it. "To successfully penetrate a market and sustainably grow, new payment service should find non-customer of the existing payment service and provide noble payment method so that they can use payment method". We give plausible explanations for the hypothesis using multiple case studies. Diners club, Danal, PayPal, Square were selected as a typical and successful cases in each category of payment service. The discussion on cases is primarily non-customer analysis that noble payment service targets on to find the most crucial factor in the early market, we does not attempt to consider factors for business growth. We clarified three-tier non-customer of the payment method that new payment service targets on and elaborated how new payment service satisfy them. In case of credit card, this payment service target first tier of non-customer who can't pay for because they don't have any cash temporarily but they have regular income. So credit card provides an opportunity which they can do economic activities by delaying the date of payment. In a result of wireless phone payment's case study, this service targets on second of non-customer who can't use online payment because they concern about security or have to take a complex process and learn how to use online payment method. Therefore, wireless phone payment provides very convenient payment method. Especially, it made group of young pay for a little money without a credit card. Case study result of PayPal, online payment service, shows that it targets on second tier of non-customer who reject to use online payment service because of concern about sensitive information leaks such as passwords and credit card details. Accordingly, PayPal service allows users to pay online without a provision of sensitive information. Final Square case result, Mobile POS -based payment service, also shows that it targets on second tier of non-customer who can't individually transact offline because of cash's shortness. Hence, Square provides dongle which function as POS by putting dongle in earphone terminal. As a result, four cases made non-customer their customer so that they could penetrate early market and had been extended their market share. Consequently, all cases supported the hypothesis and it is highly probable according to 'analytic generation' that case study methodology suggests. We present for judging the quality of research designs the following. Construct validity, internal validity, external validity, reliability are common to all social science methods, these have been summarized in numerous textbooks(Yin, 2014). In case study methodology, these also have served as a framework for assessing a large group of case studies (Gibbert, Ruigrok & Wicki, 2008). Construct validity is to identify correct operational measures for the concepts being studied. To satisfy construct validity, we use multiple sources of evidence such as the academic journals, magazine and articles etc. Internal validity is to seek to establish a causal relationship, whereby certain conditions are believed to lead to other conditions, as distinguished from spurious relationships. To satisfy internal validity, we do explanation building through four cases analysis. External validity is to define the domain to which a study's findings can be generalized. To satisfy this, replication logic in multiple case studies is used. Reliability is to demonstrate that the operations of a study -such as the data collection procedures- can be repeated, with the same results. To satisfy this, we use case study protocol. In Korea, the competition among stakeholders over mobile payment industry is intensifying. Not only main three Telecom Companies but also Smartphone companies and service provider like KakaoTalk announced that they would enter into mobile payment industry. Mobile payment industry is getting competitive. But it doesn't still have momentum effect notwithstanding positive presumptions that will grow very fast. Mobile payment services are categorized into various technology based payment service such as IC mobile card and Application payment service of cloud based, NFC, sound wave, BLE(Bluetooth Low Energy), Biometric recognition technology etc. Especially, mobile payment service is discontinuous innovations that users should change their behavior and noble infrastructure should be installed. These require users to learn how to use it and cause infra-installation cost to shopkeepers. Additionally, payment industry has the strong path dependency. In spite of these obstacles, mobile payment service which should provide dramatically improved value as a products and service of discontinuous innovations is focusing on convenience and security, convenience and so on. We suggest the following to success mobile payment service. First, non-customers of the existing payment service need to be identified. Second, needs of them should be taken. Then, noble payment service provides non-customer who can't pay by the previous payment method to payment method. In conclusion, mobile payment service can create new market and will result in extension of payment market.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.639-648
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• 2016

Purpose: Existing precedent studies include success factors of individual management innovation activities constantly. However, those studies have limitations about the common key success factors of individual management innovation activities. Methods: For this study, we investigate the key success factors using literature research of the most typical management innovation activities adopted and implemented by many companies in Korea, such as 6sigma, TQM, Lean 6sigma, ERP, TPM, BPR, Project Management, System Engineering. Factors emerging repeatedly was combined into common factors and inherent factors that are necessary for the success of individual management innovation activities are designated to essential factors. Results: 'Essential factors for Six Sigma' consist of 5 items. Black belt operating system, personnel management system linkage, the correct management of the data, perform improvement projects associated with financial performance financial result, linked to financial performance improvement project, project progress management. 'Essential factors of TQM' are arranged 4 items. Quality team's independence and role, goal-setting, Quality Information System, corporate's philosophy of quality first. 'Essential factors of Lean Six Sigma' are the selection of value stream which is based on the customer needs and the value creation and identify the project based on the selected value in the company. 'Essential factors of ERP' are investigated 6 items. Ongoing system maintenance and upgrades, the measurement and support of user satisfaction, the operating systems and the policies for the maintenance, IT infrastructure, change adaption condition monitoring, focusing on improving business performance. 'Essential factors for TPM' are arranged 4 items. Motivated and energetic Bottom-Up, CEO's recognition of the importance facility management, long-term perspective of necessity and ongoing patience. 'Essential factors for BPR' are the pursuit of change process and the staff's sense of crisis management. 'Essential factors for Project Management' are the strategy that reduce the risk management skills through risk management and the understanding and organized management for the project participant's needs. 'Essential factors for System Engineering' consist of 2 items. The first is the design for the best balanced system with pre-analysis about the compromise the cost, schedule and the performance. The second is the analysis of large problem into small problems which can solved. We have found the solution considering components of the interface through the systematic perspective. Conclusion: Common factors and essential factors presented in this study will properly help to introduce the individual management innovation activities for the each business sector and implement management innovation. After this study, new literature research that reflect new studies should accomplish steadily.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.117-127
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• 2018

As an application and potential of 3D printing (3DP) accelerates in diverse industries, the use of 3DP is also increasing in the textile and fashion industry. Since the fashion trend is rapidly changing and there are high demands of customized products for customer segments, research on manufacturing of 3DP textiles has become more important. 3DP textiles have different physical and chemical properties depending on a various 3D printing technologies or materials. However, it is difficult to fabricate 3DP textiles that meets demand of garment such as flexibility, wearability, tensile strength and abrasion resistance so that 3DP in fashion industry relatively has a narrow range of applications compared to other industries. The aim of this paper is to provide a trend of research about manufacturing 3DP textiles by analyzing previous studies according to textile's properties. This paper classifies the five types of 3DP textiles and analyses systematically. First, 3DP textiles blended with existing textiles. Second, 3DP textiles utilizing the structural design of existing textiles. Third, 3DP textiles designed with continuous units. Fourth, 3DP textiles utilizing material properties. Fifth, 3DP textiles based on smart materials. Based on this analysis, future research of manufacturing 3DP textiles needs are identified and discussed.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.7 no.10
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• pp.397-404
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• 2018

Various applications are widely developed for smartphones to meet customer's needs. In many companies, messenger's typed interactive systems have been studied for business marketing, advertising and promotion to provide useful services for the customers. Such interactive systems are usually called as "Chatbot". In Chatbot, duplicated responses from Chatbot could occur frequently, and these make one lose interest. In this paper, we define a case that the response of Chatbot is duplicated according to the user's input, and propose a method to reduce duplicated responses of Chatbot. In the proposed method, we try to reduce duplication responses through a new duplication avoidance algorithm by building multiple tables in a database and by making combinations of user's input and its response in each table. In our experiments, the proposed method shows that duplicated responses are reduced by an average of 70%, compared with the existing method.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.189-202
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• 2014

This study is to find the mobile communication corporate social responsibility activities on brand equity for the purchase intention of the Company's social responsibility activities impact study of 3's customers using mobile communication service quality services residing in Daejeon to analyze whether the control acts through. Results of the study on social responsibility activities brand equity, brand equity is showed to influence purchase intention, showed that the moderating effect between service quality through the purchase of brand equity. In this study, in order to increase the company's ultimate goal is also to improve the brand image of buying through corporate social responsibility activities, we derive a result that can increase the purchasing needs of consumers by providing differentiated service quality research.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.1087-1116
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• 2005

This research examines performance evaluatees' opinions regarding the institutional performance evaluation systems of Government S&T Research Institutes (GRI). Research methodology is as follows: first, four perspectives of Kaplan & Norton (1992) Balanced Scorecard Model are revised into six perspectives suitable to GRI's characteristics. Second, experts classify current performance evaluation measures into the six perspectives. This enables different evaluation systems of three GRI evaluation groups to be compared under the same evaluation measures. Third, GRI's evaluatees are asked to allocate ideal weights on the performance measures. The evaluatees' weights are compared with the weights of current performance measures, and the characteristics of evaluatees' opinions about current performance evaluation systems are analyzed. Results are as follows; first, six perspectives for Korean GRIs are financial, long-term outcome, short-term outcome, strategic direction, project management, human resources perspectives. second, GRI evaluation systems put the most weights on the long- and short-term outcome perspectives and the least weights on the financial perspective. This result complies with theoretical model: in performance evaluation of GRIs, the customer perspective is the most important one while the financial perspective is the least important one. Third, evaluatees think that the long-term outcome perspective of the Basic-technology GRI group and the short-term outcome perspective of the Applied-technology GRI Group needs more weight. Fourth, it is found that the current systems have more weights on the project management and strategic direction perspectives than evaluatees think. The possible explanation of this result would be that since the measures of these perspectives are relatively easier to set up than those of other perspectives, the current systems contains larger number of measures and, accordingly more weights.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2013.10a
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• pp.137-140
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• 2013

Conventionally embedded devices used simple operating system (OS); however, the number of embedded devices using Linux as OS is increasing to keep up with hardware's performance improvement and customer's various needs. While embedded devices using Linux can take advantage of expandability, generality, portability, Linux's flexibility nature may cause undesirable overheads because of its increased complexity. One such overhead makes boot stage optimization essential in most embedded systems, where many features are redundant and possible to be removed or reconfigured. This paper applies well-known software optimization technique for Linux's boot stage to an CLM9722 DTK, measures the results, and studies about limitation of such techniques from hardware dependancy on the standard framework of Linux. The booting time from power-on until completion were decreased by 33% approximately.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.75-82
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• 2011

Along with economic development, the service industry is growing as days go by. Therefore, companies should maximize customer satisfaction through continuous changes by providing services which are suitable for customer needs. The general service industry has a decisive effect on the rate of growth and profitability of a superior business. Therefore, many companies try to provide the best customer service to increase profitability. Because service to a customer is delivered through interactions with the employee, the employee's attitude has a strong influence on the customer's satisfaction level. For these, most service industries are required to provide new types of labor. It is often referred to 'Emotional Labor', and that is different from physical and mental labor. Service providers always provide a service for the customers with a smile, even though they conceal their emotions. The Purpose of this study is to identify theologically the fact of that Sales Workers at Department Stores emotional labor, according to the economization of service, has become to decide the predominance of competition among companies and represents the quality of service ; to confirm that their emotion management is a crucial part of the work; to identify the correlation among job stress and job satisfaction which are experienced in the process of performing display rules required by organization. To practice them, this study deals with the theological consideration of the emotional labor, job stress and job satisfaction. This study proceeded to evaluate how the emotional labor of sales workers at department stores effected on their job stress and satisfaction. The result of this study will be summarized below. First of all, the frequency of emotional display and attentiveness required to display emotions both have a similar effect on the level of job stress. In the case of the emotional dissonance, there isn't a great amount of proof that it effects the job stress. That shows us that the aspect of the latter, they express the feelings on their daily lives less than the former by the public awareness and gaze. so, once they could accept the latter, the effect on the job stress would be vanished. Second, a study was performed to figure out the effect of emotional labor on job stress. As a result, none of them make negative effects on the job satisfaction but the attentiveness to required display rules even have positive effects on it. that means the emotional labor has an indirect effect on the job satisfaction through some intermediation stuff. Third, the role conflict of job stress factors has a negative effect on job satisfaction, Although role ambiguity has a negative effect on that as well, I couldn't find appropriate proof for that. As far as I figured out, job stress can only increase job dissatisfaction. In other hands, the sales workers would have tendencies to have more motivation to work hard rather than reveal their job stress and complain about work. Finally, emotional laborers always work close to job stress. This can maximize service for the customers, but it increases stress of the laborers providing services at the same time. Then, they can not provide high quality service. It is no doubt that we need to begin managing it systematically. In conclusion, the work satisfaction of the sales workers is connected to the service quality for the customers directly.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.10 no.9
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• pp.151-158
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• 2012

This study aims to suggest ways of experiential marketing management plan that the virtual tour service in the internet shopping mall is as a agents and the role of the physical interface of the internet virtual experience. It is a empirical analysis to analyze the relationship among Schmitt's five experiential Marketing elements. By the result, the rankings for high impact experiential marketing feedback relationship of cognitive creativity, composition, relationship between social intimacy, behavioral lifestyle, providing a sense of the acoustic auditory effect, a sense of dimensional visual effects in order. This result means that the intimacy and creativity, giving feedback that the opinion of consumers actively prefer internet shopping mall. In addition, it means more visual rather than auditory experience to provide marketing services and provide the lifestyle behaviors that the customer want in the Internet shopping mall. It is needs to make virtual experiential marketing relationships, strengthen the recognition specificity of these results because of experiential marketing relationship's ultimate purpose is to make the relationship between brand and customer service satisfaction of the Internet shopping mall through strengthening the relationship.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.175-185
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• 2008

This study would be research for correlations between ethical factors and company's competitiveness of small and medium enterprises thorough recognizing of important company ethic and approaching to them theoretically. This study has collected all information which small and medium enterprises around Seoul and Kyounggi province and employing more than 5, which 134- survey are used totally. Study reveals that firstly customer and social responsibility provide Positive effects on the organization Dust, secondly CEO's views serve those positive effects as well, thirdly it is not preyed that ethical capacity of company have a positive effect on organization trust. Fourthly, organization trust has good effects on competitiveness of product and price. This results lead to some suggestions as follows. First of all, company should serves systemized value to customers and their societies. For that, it is necessary to analyse their needs and to reflect them into corporate management to build close relationship with customers and reliable marketing activities, efforts to enhance corporate images. This chain of work can make employees feel proud themselves. Secondly, supervisors including CEO should set the pace with high-consensus for ethical behaviour. Thirdly, ethical factors should be improved for improving organization trust simultaneously. Every customer, no matter they are inner or outer, should have highly required ethical understandings for their networks. Furthermore, they have to enhance organization trust and to strengthen company competitiveness through stimulating employee's courages and contribution.