• 한국문화재보존과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.03a
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• pp.34-35
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• 2003

• 한국문화재보존과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.03a
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• pp.36-36
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• 2004

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.10-25
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• 2019

This is a study on the ordering status of the cultural property repair work in Seoul, centered on the cultural property construction orders from each local government and affiliated institutions. The scope of this study is spatially based on the city of Seoul. The time range is from October 2015 to September 2017. We can grasp the scale of the cultural asset construction by recognizing the status of the cultural asset of the city and the budget available for repairing the cultural asset. By analyzing the actual situation of the cultural property construction over two years, we were able to learn the total number of orders, the ordering period, the order size and the associated order type. By analyzing the detailed data, we could grasp the actual state of each cultural property type mixing. As a result of that, it was found that one cultural property corporation had difficulty completing construction without the involvement of other types. This suggested the better contract way to a cultural property construction. This study suggests an appropriate ordering method analyzing the tendency of construction orders of cultural properties, which can be utilized as basic data for the placement of cultural property repair technicians in the field. In particular, landscape architecture is an important aspect of the cultural property construction. Despite the need to establish the status of landscaping, there are no papers describing the actual status of contract way to a cultural property construction and the status of the landscape architecture associated with them. This paper empirically reveals the facts for Seoul, and then makes a proposal to establish a complete analysis of the landscape construction business. Specifically, landscape architecture is in a position to take responsibility for the landscape of cultural asset. It is possible to propose the establishment of the status of landscape architecture and to contribute to the securing of business areas that are part of repairing cultural properties.

• Proceedings of the Safety Management and Science Conference
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• 2013.04a
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• pp.485-500
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• 2013

Cultural assets of the country's history and cherish the living conditions of the people, conscious and cohesive crystals, and the pride of the hearts of the people as a haven. In the country worth preserving national treasure, bomulgeup, local cultural heritage as a major cultural property protection are. Cultural properties, etc. Most are wooden, is vulnerable to fire, and, moreover battling to far away from the city and due to the geographical conditions are very challenging aspects. The national cultural assets, such as the many temples, vows to fire one if the loss of a centuries-old cultural property is a big loss of national posterity to great shame is not. Still cultural assets and a large number of visitors have flocked temples. All of us to keep the look and feel of the cultural assets pleasure to conserve cultural assets preserved to ensure that fire prevention is always unmistakably bear in mind that sees.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.52 no.4
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• pp.78-103
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• 2019

The Conservation Decree of the Chosun Treasures Historic and Natural Monuments (hereinafter referred to as the Conservation Decree), which was enacted during the Japanese colonial period, was preserved in accordance with the provisions of article No. 100 of the constitutional law. However, legislative attempts were made to replace the Conservation Decree during the US military administration and early Korean Government. The first attempt was about the National Treasures Historic and Natural Monuments which were brought in by the Legislative Assembly of South Chosun (1947) during the US military administration. The second was a bill by the government for preservation of historical interests (1950), which was submitted to the National Assembly on March 15, 1950 (the so-called Preservation Act (1950)). These two bills were amended and supplemented on the basis of the existing contents of the Conservation Decree. Afterwards, from 1952 to 1960, the legislation of the Cultural Heritage Protection Act (1959) and the Cultural Heritage Bill (1960) were subsequently introduced and enacted. The government's attempt to enact such a cultural property bill was aimed at the legislature to replace the preservation order system that had been in effect since the Japanese colonial period. However, due to the political situation at the time, these laws did not reach final legislation. In October 1960, the government enacted the Regulations for the Preservation of Cultural Property, which was an administrative edict that was promulgated and enacted in November. This was the first official cultural property decree introduced by the Korean government. With the enactment and promulgation of the Cultural Heritage Protection Act in January 1962, Korea's judicial cultural property legislation was established, based on the Korean government's unremitting efforts and experience in legislation of cultural property. In that context, the Cultural Heritage Protection Act is a historical product. The Cultural Heritage Protection Act, which was enacted in 1962, is known to emulate or transplant Japan's Cultural Heritage Protection Act (1950). It was not fully recognized that it was an extension of the Korean government's legislative process of cultural property during the period of 1945-1960. Therefore, it is important to examine the legislative process of cultural property from 1945 to 1960 to understand the background of enacting the Cultural Heritage Protection Act in 1962 along with the establishment of the Korean Cultural Property Law.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.274-291
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• 2020

This year is the 50th anniversary of the adoption by UNESCO in 1970 of the Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export, and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property (the '1970 Convention'). Since its ratification of the 1970 Convention in 1983, the Republic of Korea has domestically implemented the Convention through its Cultural Heritage Protection Act, which was first enacted in 1962. This is a different form of implementation than is normally used for other UNESCO Conventions on cultural heritage, in that the Republic of Korea has recently adopted special acts to enforce the 2003 Convention for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage and the 1972 Convention concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage. In addition, the 1970 Convention has been developed further through the introduction of new Operational Guidelines in 2015 for the concrete enforcement of the Convention, which has provided momentum for the Republic of Korea to analyze its current national legislation related to the 1970 Convention as well as consider its amendment in the future. Overall, the Cultural Heritage Protection Act of the Republic of Korea effectively reflects the duties of States Parties under the 1970 Convention. These include measures to introduce export certificates, prohibit the import of stolen cultural property, return other state parties' cultural property, and impose penalties or administrative sanctions in the event of any infringements. Indeed, the Republic of Korea's implementation of the 1970 Convention was introduced as an example of good practice at the Meeting of State Parties in 2019. However, changes in the illegal market for cultural property and development of relevant international law and measures imply that there still exists room for improvement concerning the legal implementation of the 1970 Convention at the national level. In particular, the Operational Guidelines recommend States Parties to adopt legal measures in two respects: detailed criteria for due diligence in assessing bona-fide purchasers, referring to the 1995 UNIDROIT Convention on Stolen or Illegally Exported Cultural Objects, and measures to address the emerging issue of illegal trade in cultural property on internet platforms. Amendment of the Cultural Heritage Protection Act and other relevant laws should be considered in order to duly reflect these issues. Taking that opportunity, concrete provisions to facilitate international cooperation in respect of the implementation of the 1970 Convention could be introduced as well. Such measures could be expected to strengthen the Republic of Korea's international legal cooperation to respond to the changing environment regarding illicit trafficking of cultural property and its restitution.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.12-24
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• 1997

One argument of this study is that the policy to handle and landscape of cultural and historical property had to do with people's visual preferences. This study seeks to investigate people's visual preferences toward the landscape of cultural /historical property, specifically dealing with 'Namdaemun', which is the first class cultural property of Korea. People's visual preference was specifically examined into the four specific concepts : 'visual identity','harmony','beauty of the target property', and 'overall beauty'. Two objective variables, such as, 'distance' between the viewer and the cultural property, and 'height' of background buildings were considered possible predictors of the four visual preference variables. Photos of 'Namdaemun' were taken at three different directions and at three different distances. The photographed images of 'Namdaemun' were transferred ito the digitalized graphic images, where the height of background buildings was artificially changed and simulated. The simulated visual images were taken into the slides again. A total of 59 students of the Department of Landscape architecture at Seoul City University were sampled as subjects. A series of 17 slides were shown to the subjects four times. The subjects were asked to check their preference ratings concerning the four concepts on a 7-point Likert scale. The results found in this study were as follows : 1) In the results of ANOVA, it was clear that people visually preferred the view where the height of background buildings were lower than 15 floors to the view of more than 15 floors . 2) From the results of the path analysis, it was found that 'harmony','visual identity' and 'beauty of the target property' were direct predictors of 'the overall beauty'. The 'height ' of background buildings and the viewer's 'distance' were not found to be direct predictors, however, they demonstrated their effects on 'the overall beauty' through the other variable, which were direct predictors of 'the overall beauty'. In sum, the longer the distance and the higher the background buildings, the lower people's preference with the 'overall beauty'. These indirect paths, in turn, also explain why and how the 'height' of background buildings and the viewer's 'distance' negatively influence the 'overall beauty'. An implication from the these results is that when the height of background buildings were not controllable, there would be some other strategies for improving people's visual preference toward the historical /cultural view. To increase 'visual identity' of the cultural property, for example, changing colors of the cultural property or increasing the lighting level, etc., would be one strategy, since the increased 'visual identity' will, in turn, increase 'the overall beauty'.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.526-538
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• 2016

Fumigants are used worldwide for control of biological agents that damage wooden cultural property. To establish a policy for fumigant use, biological evaluation of insects and microorganisms considering many factors is required. This study was performed to evaluate biological sensitivity and wood penetration of three fumigants applied for control of biological agents that damage wooden cultural properties in Korea. Among these, methyl bromide and ethylene oxide can control insects and fungi when exposed directly. However, they were unable to completely control biological agents within deeper parts of wood. Ethanedinitrile, which was developed as an alternative fumigant, exhibited outstanding wood penetration and biocidal efficacy. Further research involving various environmental conditions is warranted.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.55 no.4
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• pp.278-294
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• 2022

To date, cultural property education has seen rapid quantitative growth due to national and personal needs. However, qualitative growth is lacking. The objectives of cultural property education have not been established, and therefore, even its identity is not clear. The most pressing issue at present in cultural property education is to first set objectives. This study aimed to analyze the objectives of current cultural property education, identify the problems, and set new objectives to meet significant national and personal needs in terms of education. The problems with the objectives of current cultural property education are that the persons interested in the education do not understand the concept of the education objectives clearly and that the objectives do not contain much actual content of the education. Also, the objectives of the education do not take into account the dynamic competencies and interests of the learners and do not satisfy the changes of the times. To solve these problems, new cultural property education, called 'U.V.E.C.,' was offerred. U.V.E.C. education is aimed at understanding cultural properties, recognizing their value, and enjoying them, and at creating culture. The objectives of U.V.E.C. cultural property education were set such that they can be modified flexibly in a learner-centric way with clear and practical format and contents. Based on this direction, stepwise objectives were set including overall objectives, detailed objectives, and practice objectives, and objective cases of each step were proposed. Considering the generality of the education and the distinct characteristics of the cultural properties, the U.V.E.C. education objectives took into account the diversity of behavioral objectives, clearness in statements, the objectives of problem solving, the initiative of learners and openness for expression outcomes. The U.V.E.C. objectives are clear and specific so that teachers can enhance their pedagogical efficiency and learners are able to develop interesting and diversified competencies. In addition, it is expected that the U.V.E.C. objectives will significantly affect objective setting for education on cultural properties which have not been studied widely. Further systemic and specific studies on the contents and methods of the U.V.E.C. education would help to change the overall education on cultural properties and position the field as a new academic area.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.835-847
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• 2015

Photo scanning can create point cloud and polygon models like 3D scanners bringing an object into the 3 dimensional world by combining several sheets of photographic information. The created data give us information about planes and sectional forms required for a 2 dimensional survey as well as 3 dimensional figures of buried cultural property. It requires a lot of time to record buried cultural property in the field, however, the photo scanning technique does not need additional equipment and manpower so the work may begin immediately while the property is protected. Moreover, it reduces financial burdens as it creates 3 dimensional data using images acquired by photography but provides the optimal condition to check 3 dimensional information quickly and easily.