• Title/Summary/Keyword: Cube

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Fast Algorithms for Computing Floating-Point Reciprocal Cube Root Functions

  • Leonid Moroz;Volodymyr Samotyy;Cezary Walczyk
    • International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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    • v.23 no.6
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    • pp.84-90
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    • 2023
  • In this article the problem of computing floating-point reciprocal cube root functions is considered. Our new algorithms for this task decrease the number of arithmetic operations used for computing $1/{\sqrt[3]{x}}$. A new approach for selection of magic constants is presented in order to minimize the computation time for reciprocal cube roots of arguments with movable decimal point. The underlying theory enables partitioning of the base argument range x∈[1,8) into 3 segments, what in turn increases accuracy of initial function approximation and decreases the number of iterations to one. Three best algorithms were implemented and carefully tested on 32-bit microcontroller with ARM core. Their custom C implementations were favourable compared with the algorithm based on cbrtf(x) function taken from C <math.h> library on three different hardware platforms. As a result, the new fast approximation algorithm for the function $1/{\sqrt[3]{x}}$ was determined that outperforms all other algorithms in terms of computation time and cycle count.

Structural Design and Analysis of Pico-class Satellite named STEP Cube Lab

  • Jeon, Su-Hyeon;Jang, Su-Eun;Jung, Hyun-Mo;Cha, Jin-Yeong;Oh, Hyun-Ung
    • International Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
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    • v.1 no.1
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    • pp.34-43
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    • 2014
  • The STEP Cube Lab (Cube Laboratory for Space Technology Experimental Projects) is a 1U cube satellite developed by the Space Technology Synthesis Laboratory of Chosun University to be launched in 2015. Its mission objective is twofold: to determine which of the fundamental space technologies researched at domestic universities, will be potential candidates for use in future space missions and to verify the effectiveness of the technologies by investigating mission data obtained from on-orbit operation of the cube satellite. In this paper, a structural design concept based on the 1U standard to achieve the mission objective is introduced. The validity of the design has been demonstrated by quasi-static analysis and modal analysis. In addition, a non-explosive separation device triggered by burn wire heating, which is one of the main mission payloads is introduced.

A 6 m cube in an atmospheric boundary layer flow -Part 1. Full-scale and wind-tunnel results

  • Hoxey, R.P.;Richards, P.J.;Short, J.L.
    • Wind and Structures
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    • v.5 no.2_3_4
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    • pp.165-176
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    • 2002
  • Results of measurements of surface pressure and of velocity field made on a full-scale 6 m cube in natural wind are reported. Comparisons are made with results from boundary-layer wind-tunnel studies reported in the literature. Two flow angles are reported; flow normal to a face of the cube (the $0^{\circ}$ case) and flow at $45^{\circ}$. In most comparisons, the spread of wind-tunnel results of pressure measurements spans the full-scale measurements. The exception to this is for the $0^{\circ}$ case where the roof and side-wall pressures at full-scale are more negative, and as a result of this the leeward wall pressures are also lower. The cause of this difference is postulated to be a Reynolds Number scale effect that affects flow reattachment. Measurements of velocity in the vicinity of the cube have been used to define the mean reattachment point on the roof centre line for the $0^{\circ}$ case, and the ground level reattachment point behind the cube for both $0^{\circ}$ and $45^{\circ}$ flow. Comparisons are reported with another full-scale experiment and also with wind-tunnel experiments that indicate a possible dependency on turbulence levels in the approach flow.

CUBE Filtering of Multibeam Echo Sounder Data (다중 빔 음향측심 자료의 CUBE 필터링)

  • Kim, Joo-Youn;Lee, Gwang-Soo;Kim, Dae-Choul;Seo, Young-Kyo;Yi, Hi-Il
    • Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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    • v.44 no.3
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    • pp.308-317
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    • 2011
  • A MBES (multibeam echo sounder) survey around Yokji Island, Korea, was conducted to find an effective method for removing error data. Two post-processing software programs, PDS2000 (RESON) and HIPS (CARIS), were used to remove the error data using an interactive editing method and the CUBE algorithm filter. The post-processing with the PDS2000 and HIPS programs, using the interactive editing method, took 120 and 168 hours, respectively, and there was little difference in the seafloor images. The processing time of the PDS2000 and HIPS programs using the CUBE algorithm filter was 36 and 60 hours, respectively. Nevertheless, there was little difference in the seafloor images because of differences in the factor parameters in each of the post-processing programs. Therefore, post-processing using CUBE filtering can save time in data processing and provide consistent results, excluding the subjective decisions of the operator. This method is more effective than other methods for rejecting erroneous multibeam echo sounder data.

Boolean Extraction Technique Using Two-cube Divisors and Complements (2-큐브 제수와 보수에 의한 공통 논리식 산출)

  • Kwon, Oh-Hyeong;Oh, Im-Geol
    • The KIPS Transactions:PartA
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    • v.15A no.1
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    • pp.9-16
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    • 2008
  • This paper presents a new Boolean extraction technique for logic synthesis. This method extracts two-cube Boolean subexpression pairs from each logic expression. It begins by creating two-cube array, which is extended and compressed with complements of two-cube Boolean subexpressions. Next, the compressed two-cube array is analyzed to extract common subexpressions for several logic expressions. The method is greedy and extracts the best common subexpression. Experimental results show the improvements in the literal counts over well-known logic synthesis tools for some benchmark circuits.

Preliminary Analysis of Delta-V Requirements for a Lunar CubeSat Impactor with Deployment Altitude Variations

  • Song, Young-Joo;Ho, Jin;Kim, Bang-Yeop
    • Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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    • v.32 no.3
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    • pp.257-268
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    • 2015
  • Characteristics of delta-V requirements for deploying an impactor from a mother-ship at different orbital altitudes are analyzed in order to prepare for a future lunar CubeSat impactor mission. A mother-ship is assumed to be orbiting the moon with a circular orbit at a 90 deg inclination and having 50, 100, 150, 200 km altitudes. Critical design parameters that are directly related to the success of the impactor mission are also analyzed including deploy directions, CubeSat flight time, impact velocity, and associated impact angles. Based on derived delta-V requirements, required thruster burn time and fuel mass are analyzed by adapting four different miniaturized commercial onboard thrusters currently developed for CubeSat applications. As a result, CubeSat impact trajectories as well as thruster burn characteristics deployed at different orbital altitudes are found to satisfy the mission objectives. It is concluded that thrust burn time should considered as the more critical design parameter than the required fuel mass when deducing the onboard propulsion system requirements. Results provided through this work will be helpful in further detailed system definition and design activities for future lunar missions with a CubeSat-based payload.

Effects of Salting Process on Ascorbic Acid Contents, ${\alpha}-Amylase$ Activity, Seasoning Penetration and Microbial Counts of Radish Cubes for Kakdugi (간절임이 무우 Cube의 Ascorbic Acid 함량, ${\alpha}-Amylase$ 활성, 양념류 침투성, 생균수에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, Joong-Man;Shin, Mi-Kyung;Hwang, Ho-Sun;Kim, Hyung-Tae
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.22 no.4
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    • pp.492-495
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    • 1990
  • In succession to the previous paper(Korean J. Food Sci. and Techn., 21(2), 300, 1989), to investigate effect of salting process on physico-chemical properties of Korean radish cubes processed for kakdugi Ascorbic acid content, ${\alpha}-amylase$ activity, the penetration rate of glucose and red-pepper juice into the radish cubes, and aerobic microbial counts (bacteria, yeast and mold) were investigated during salting (packout ratio : 1:1g/ml) of radish-cube$(2{\times}2{\times}2cm)$ for kakdugi in the 15%(w/v) sodium chloride solution. For 6hr salting, ascorbic acid was reduced from 38.5mg% to 15.7 mg%, ${\alpha}-amylase$ activity was gradually increased until 5hr salting, and then deceased, Amount and rate of penetration of glucose and red-pepper juice(on base of redness) into the salted radish cube were both higher than raw cubes, and microbial counts were decreased, and mostly within one hour of salting.

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Embedding Complete Binary Trees into Crossed Cubes (완전이진트리의 교차큐브에 대한 임베딩)

  • Kim, Sook-Yeon
    • Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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    • v.36 no.3
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    • pp.149-157
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    • 2009
  • The crossed cube, a variation of the hypercube, possesses a better topological property than the hypercube in its diameter that is about half of that of the hypercube. It has been known that an N-node complete binary tree is a subgraph of an (N+1)-node crossed cube [P. Kulasinghe and S. Bettayeb, 1995]. However, efficient embedding methods have not been known for the case that the number of nodes of the complete binary tree is greater than that of the crossed cube. In this paper, we show that an N-node complete binary tree can be embedded into an M-node crossed cube with dilation 1 and load factor [N/M], N>M$\geq$2. The dilation and load factor is optimal. Our embedding has a property that the tree nodes on the same level are evenly distributed over the crossed cube nodes. The property is especially useful when tree-structured algorithms are processed on a crossed cube in a level-by-level way.

Embedding Multiple Meshes into a Crossed Cube (다중 메쉬의 교차큐브에 대한 임베딩)

  • Kim, Sook-Yeon
    • Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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    • v.36 no.5
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    • pp.335-343
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    • 2009
  • The crossed cube has received great attention because it has equal or superior properties compared to the hypercube that is widely known as a versatile parallel processing system. It has been known that disjoint two copies of a mesh of size $4{\times}2^m$ or disjoint four copies of a mesh of size $8{\times}2^m$ can be embedded into a crossed cube with dilation 1 and expansion 1 [Dong, Yang, Zhao, and Tang, 2008]. However, it is not known that disjoint multiple copies of a mesh with more than eight rows and columns can be embedded into a crossed cube with dilation 1 and expansion 1. In this paper, we show that disjoint $2^{n-1}$ copies of a mesh of size $2^n{\times}2^m$ can be embedded into a crossed cube with dilation 1 and expansion 1 where $n{\geq}1$ and $m{\geq}3$. Our result is optimal in terms of dilation and expansion that are important measures of graph embedding. In addition, our result is practically usable in allocating multiple jobs of mesh structure on a parallel computer of crossed cube structure.

On-orbit Thermal Analysis of Pico-class Satellite STEP Cube Lab. for Verification of Fundamental Space Technology (우주기반기술 검증을 위한 극초소형 위성 STEP Cube Lab.의 궤도 열해석)

  • Kang, Soo-Jin;Ha, Heon-Woo;Oh, Hyun-Ung
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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    • v.42 no.9
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    • pp.795-801
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    • 2014
  • STEP Cube Lab. classified as a pico-satellite has been being developed by SSTL(Space Technology Synthesis Laboratory) in Chosun University. Its main mission objective is to perform the on-orbit verification of core space technologies, which will be the potential candidates for future space missions. In this paper, to guarantee successful mission operation of the cube satellite under extremely severe space thermal environment condition, the system level thermal design and analysis has been performed. The effectiveness of the design has been verified through on-orbit thermal analysis of cube satellite.