• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.559-566
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• 2015

Background Citation analysis is a recognized scientometric method of classifying cited articles according to the frequency of which they have been referenced. The total number of citations an article receives is considered to reflect it's significance among it's peers. Methods Until now, a bibliometric analysis has never been performed in the specialty of craniofacial anomalies and craniofacial surgery. This citation analysis generates an extensive list of the 50 most influential papers in this developing field. Journals specializing in craniofacial surgery, maxillofacial surgery, plastic surgery, neurosurgery, genetics and pediatrics were searched to demonstrate which articles have cultivated the specialty within the past 55 years. Results The results show an intriguing compilation of papers which outline the fundamental knowledge of craniofacial anomalies and the developments of surgical techniques to manage these patients. Conclusions This citation analysis provides a summation of the current most popular trends in craniofacial literature. These esteemed papers aid to direct our decision making today within this specialty.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.243-247
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• 2018

Vascular anomalies are disorders of the endothelium and surrounding cells that can affect the vasculature and involve any anatomical structure. The most common problem associated with vascular anomalies is psychological distress related to disfigurement as well as functional defects, as many lesions affect the head and neck. This article provides an overview of the current clinical features that distinguish the major types of vascular anomalies that affect the head and neck.

• Korean Journal of Cleft Lip And Palate
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.59-63
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• 2008

Craniofacial Centre at Children's Hospital Boston is a worldwide leader in the care of children and adolescents with craniofacial anomalies especially with cleft lip and/or cleft palate, which provides a team approach to the evaluation, diagnosis and treatment of children and adults with congenital (present at birth) or acquired facial deformities. This is staffed by an experienced team of clinicians, such as in oral and maxillofacial surgery, plastic surgery, neurosurgery, dentistry, audiology, speech and language pathology, genetics, psychiatry, otolaryngology, and social work, all with specialized training in the care of children with craniofacial anomalies. Here, there is a short introduction of history, attending surgeons, works, and sequential treatment for cleft lip/palate patients about this institution.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.50 no.6
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• pp.383-390
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• 2020

Objective: To investigate the distribution, side involvement, phenotype, and associated anomalies of Korean patients with craniofacial clefts (CFC). Methods: The samples consisted of 38 CFC patients, who were treated at Seoul National University Dental Hospital during 1998-2018. The Tessier cleft type, sex, side involvement, phenotype, and associated anomalies were investigated using non-parametric statistical analysis. Results: The three most common types were #7 cleft, followed by #0 cleft and #14 cleft. There was no difference between the frequency of male and female. Patients with #0 cleft exhibited nasal deformity, bony defect, and missing teeth in the premaxilla, midline cleft lip, and eye problems. A patient with #3 cleft (unilateral type) exhibited bilateral cleft lip and alveolus. All patients with #4 cleft were the bilateral type, including a combination of #3 and #4 clefts, and had multiple missing teeth. A patient with #5 cleft (unilateral type) had a posterior openbite. In patients with #7 cleft, the unilateral type was more prevalent than the bilateral type (87.0% vs. 13.0%, p < 0.001). Sixteen patients showed hemifacial microsomia (HFM), Goldenhar syndrome, and unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP). There was a significant match in the side involvement of #7 cleft and HFM (87.5%, p < 0.01). Patients with #14 cleft had plagiocephaly, UCLP, or hyperterorbitism. A patient with #30 cleft exhibited tongue tie and missing tooth. Conclusions: Due to the diverse associated craniofacial anomalies in patients with CFC, a multidisciplinary approach involving a well-experienced cooperative team is mandatory for these patients.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.145-158
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• 2023

Vascular anomalies encompass a variety of malformations and tumors that can result in severe morbidity and mortality in both adults and children. Advances have been made in the classification and diagnosis of these anomalies, with the International Society for the Study of Vascular Anomalies establishing a widely recognized classification system. In recent years, notable progress has been made in genetic testing and imaging techniques, enhancing our ability to diagnose these conditions. The increasing sophistication of genetic testing has facilitated the identification of specific genetic mutations that help treatment decisions. Furthermore, imaging techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography have greatly improved our capacity to visualize and detect vascular abnormalities, enabling more accurate diagnoses. When considering reconstructive surgery for facial vascular anomalies, it is important to consider both functional and cosmetic results of the procedure. Therefore, a comprehensive multidisciplinary approach involving specialists from dermatology, radiology, and genetics is often required to ensure effective management of these conditions. Overall, the treatment approach for facial vascular anomalies depends on the type, size, location, and severity of the anomaly. A thorough evaluation by a team of specialists can determine the most appropriate and effective treatment plan.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.141-147
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• 2021

Background: Arteriovenous malformation (AVM) which is a high-blood-flow lesion with connections between arteries and veins without an intervening capillary bed, is difficult to manage. The ear is the second most common site of extracranial AVM. However, studies regarding the management of this condition remain lacking. The purpose of this study was to share managing experiences in our center and to investigate the treatment effect through a retrospective analysis of cases. Methods: Among 265 patients with AVM treated in our vascular anomalies center between January 2008 and January 2021, 10 patients with auricular AVM were included in the study to investigate the lesion distribution, clinical stage, and treatment methods by performing a retrospective evaluation. Results: Among 10 patients, five patients had AVMs distributed in the upper half of the ear, one patient in the lower half of the ear, and four patients in whole ear, respectively. Seven patients had Schobinger stage II, and three had stage III. One patient received surgical treatment only, four patients received sclerotherapy only, and five patients received both surgical treatment and sclerotherapy. The posttreatment status was checked as controlled in two patients, improved in seven patients, persistent in one patient. There were no worsening patients. Conclusion: Auricular AVM is a disease that is difficult to manage by one specific department, thus requiring a collaborative management effort from multidisciplinary team.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.223-231
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• 2021

The field of artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly advancing, and AI models are increasingly applied in the medical field, especially in medical imaging, pathology, natural language processing, and biosignal analysis. On the basis of these advances, telemedicine, which allows people to receive medical services outside of hospitals or clinics, is also developing in many countries. The mechanisms of deep learning used in medical AI include convolutional neural networks, residual neural networks, and generative adversarial networks. Herein, we investigate the possibility of using these AI methods in the field of craniofacial surgery, with potential applications including craniofacial trauma, congenital anomalies, and cosmetic surgery.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.323-333
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• 2017

Orthodontic treatment of a complex case that involves retained deciduous mandibular second molars with missing permanent successors is challenging. Usually, congenitally missing teeth are manifested with other dental anomalies that further complicate orthodontic treatment, such as retained deciduous teeth, impactions, transpositions and peg-shaped lateral incisors. Even though the long term prognosis of the retained deciduous tooth is not fully predictable, if the teeth are in good condition, the patient and clinician may incline towards a decision to preserve the deciduous teeth as long as possible. This case report demonstrates that deciduous teeth, in this case the mandibular second molars and maxillary canine, can be incorporated into final occlusion with clinically stable long-term results.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.430-439
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• 2018

The treatment of craniofacial anomalies has been challenging as a result of technological shortcomings that could not provide a consistent protocol to perfectly restore patient-specific anatomy. In the past, wax-up and impression-based maneuvers were implemented to achieve this clinical end. However, with the advent of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology, a rapid and cost-effective workflow in prosthetic rehabilitation has taken the place of the outdated procedures. Because the use of implants is so profound in different facets of restorative dentistry, their placement for craniofacial prosthesis retention has also been widely popular and advantageous in a variety of clinical settings. This review aims to effectively describe the well-rounded and interdisciplinary practice of craniofacial prosthesis fabrication and retention by outlining fabrication, osseointegrated implant placement for prosthesis retention, a myriad of clinical examples in the craniofacial complex, and a glimpse of the future of bioengineering principles to restore bioactivity and physiology to the previously defected tissue.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.16-22
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• 2019

Background Various surgical techniques have been used to correct Tessier number 7 craniofacial cleft, which involves macrostomia, ear deformity, and hemifacial microsomia. To achieve symmetrical and satisfactory results in patients with macrostomia, the authors performed a 1-mm medial overcorrection on the cleft side and evaluated the results of this procedure. Methods A retrospective medical record review of patients diagnosed with Tessier number 7 craniofacial cleft from March 1999 to February 2017 was performed. Using clinical photographs, outpatient clinic records, and operative records, information was recorded regarding concurrent congenital anomalies, postoperative complications, and follow-up. Using Photoshop CS2, the length of both sides of the lip was compared. The ratio of these lengths was calculated to evaluate lip symmetry. Results Of the patients treated at the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery at Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, 11 (male-to-female sex ratio, 7:4) were diagnosed with Tessier number 7 craniofacial cleft. Concurrent congenital anomalies included skin tag, hemifacial microsomia, and cleft palate. The mean duration of follow-up was $78.273{\pm}72.219$ months and the mean ratio of the lengths of both sides of the lip was $1.048{\pm}0.071$. Scar widening occurred as a postoperative complication in some patients. No cases of wound infection, bleeding, or wound dehiscence occurred. Conclusions For the successful correction of macrostomia, plastic surgeons should consider both functional and aesthetic problems of the lip. Adequate repair of the orbicularis oris muscle, skin closure with Z-plasty, and medial overcorrection of the neo-oral commissure led to good results in our patients.