• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.187-196
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• 1995

This study was performed was performed to identify the predictability of maternal attitude from infant's temperament and mother's mental stability. It was focused on the comparison of the degree of predictability between infant's temperament and mother's mental stability. Data were collected from sixty-five mothers of infants. Mother's affective attitude was explained by both the maternal mental stability and the infant's temperament. After controlling the effect of mental stability, infant's temperament could explain the affective attitude. This result meant that infant's temperament showed the powerful effect on the maternal affective attitude. However, maternal controlling attitude was only explained by her mental stability but not by infant's temperament. This meant that infant's temperament could not explain mother's controlling behavior. However, interactive effect between infant's sex and temperament was found in the controlling attitude. Mothers showed more controlling attitude toward the difficult boys but not toward the difficult girls.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.35-53
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• 2024

As dating violence is recently rising as one of the most serious social issues, the study examined the effect of internalized shame on controlling behavior manifested in dating relationship. We explored the mediation effect of self-absorption, indicating maladaptive self-focused attention, between each of the four sub-factors of internalized shame(inadequacy, emptiness, self punishment, and fear of mistake) and controlling behavior. Based on the data obtained from 200 single people in their 20-30s, it was revealed that the internalized shame, the self-absorption, and the controlling behavior in dating relationships were all positively correlated. The mediation effect of self-absorption was significant between the sub-factors of internalized shame (inadequacy, emptiness, self punishment, and fear of mistake) and controlling behavior. In other words, the higher the inadequacy, emptiness, self punishment, and fear of mistake, the bigger the self-absorption, and the more frequent the controlling behavior in dating relationship.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.555-575
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• 2022

Recently, dating violence has emerged as a serious social problem, but there is not enough research on controlling behavior among the subtypes of dating violence. Thise study explored the relationship between psychological entitlement and controlling behavior, and the mediation effect of social dominance orientation and social comparison orientation. Furthermore, the study examined if the mediation effect of social dominance orientation between psychological entitlement and controlling behavior differed by gender. As a result, the higher the level of psychological entitlement, the stronger the level of social dominance orientation, social comparison orientation, and the controlling behavior. In addition, the stronger the level of social dominance orientation and social comparison orientation, the more frequently was the occurance of the controlling behavior committed. The level of social dominance orientation mediated the relationship between psychological entitlement and controlling behavior. The level of ability comparison orientation mediated the relationship between psychological entitlement and controlling behavior. The mediation effect of social dominance orientation between psychological entitlement and controlling behavior was moderated by gender. In other words, the mediation effect of social dominance orientation between psychological entitlement and controlling behavior was significant for the male, but not for the female. The limitations of the study and suggestions for further research were discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.65-77
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• 1982

The intent of this study was to focus attention on the relationship between curtain fabrics and consumer perceptions towards curtains and draperies. This study consisted of the laboratory test for thermal transmittance of selected fabrics and the exploratory survey for consumer perceptions towards curtains and draperies. The objectives of the laboratory test were to measure fabric's thermal transmittance, thickness, and count which affect to the effect in heat controlling. Selected 23 fabrics were tested at Korean Yarn and Fabrics Testing Inspection Institute. The objectives of the exploratory survey were to determine sociodemographic factors; the stage of family life cycle, the economics status, and homemaker's level of education, and physical factors; the type of houses, the direction of windows, and the type of windows, affect consumer perceptions toward curtains and draperies. Questionaires were administered to 489 homemakers selected by a stratified propotional sampling plan, in Seoul in October, 1981. Data from responses were analyzed by T-test(Analysis of Varience) and Partial Correlation. The major findings are as follows; 1. The results of the laboratory test 1) The fabrics used for draperies had higher effect in heat controlling than the fabrics used for glass curtains. 2) It did not show much differences among the fibers in heat controlling. The thicker fibers, however, had the higher effect in heat controlling among same fibers. 3) The fabrics which had high level of effect I heat controlling were corduroy, flax, rayon, nylon, acetate, thick polyester, and thick polyacrylic. The fabrics which had midium level of affect in heat controlling were velveteen, velvet, and thin polyester. The fabrics which had low level of effect in heat controlling were cotton, silk, and thin polyarcylic. 4) The draperies with lining showed 2∼5 times more effective in heat controlling than the draperies without lining. 2. The results of the exploratory survey Consumer perceptions towards curtains and draperies consisted of functional, financial, and aesthetic perception. 1) Factor affecting functional perception towards curtains and draperies was the stage of family life cycle. Families in the contracting stage considered function of curtains and draperies significantly better than those in others stages. 2) Factors affecting financial perception towards curtains and draperies were the economic status, homemaker's level of education, the direction of windows, and the type of windows. However the correlation between the factors and financial perception was too low to explain the significance of tendency. 3) There was not any factors affecting aesthetic perception towards curtains and draperies.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.437-443
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• 1987

Due to the recent development of microprocessor, the digital control is now in use for the practical structure of the control systems, but it leaves the problem of controlling delays caused by computation time when it is applied to the realization problems, such as application method of the control law and controlling effect of continuous control, etc. This paper deals with robust stability of the digital regulator which compensates for the controlling delays by applying prediction values of state.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.3-9
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• 2011

For urban development, natural covering area such as urban green or river is more rapidly reducing than artificial surface covering area like concrete or asphalt, so thermal environment in a city is being drastically deteriorated. Recently, since people recognize the importance of parks or rivers in a city which play roles as an environmental buffer in it, many studies and policies consider how to improve the life quality of citizens and urban environment. This study aims to examine the status of thermal environment variation in the parks and rivers of the city which is the subject of this research and provide foundational data for urban environment plans through research on temperature variation rate and temperature controlling effect.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.105-111
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• 2005

The applicability of the USEPA's (United States Environmental Protection Agency) three criteria of enhanced coagulation (criterion 1-TOC level less than 2 mg/l. before chlorination; criterion II-% requirement of TOC removal; criterion III-point of diminishing return) for Korean waters was evaluated in this study. This study also investigated an effect of enhanced coagulation on turbidity removal, and attempted to identify the best coagulant for enhanced coagulation. Three different waters were used in this study: one river water and two lake waters. five different coagulants were used: alum, liquid alum, PACl, ferric chloride with and without water. Results of this study showed that all three criteria were achievable for the tested waters. For these waters, controlling criterion was found to be different depending upon raw water characteristics. When initial Toe level was low(< 4 mg/L), criterion I (< 2 mg/L) could be the controlling criterion. As TOC level increased, criterion II (% TOC removal) became the controlling criteria. It was possible to achieve different goals of turbidity and TOC removals. Although the optimum region of TOC removal was more acidic than that of turbidity removal, there was no conflict between these two removals. The best coagulant was found to be different depending upon the evaluation tool: maximum and optimum removal. ferric chloride was more effective than alum in terms of the maximum TOC removal, while Al-based coagulant such as alum or PACl was the best coagulant in terms of the optimum TOC removal.

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.133-144
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• 2016

Objectives : This study sought to identify the predisposing factors which influence the adolescent oral health enhancement behavior by analyzing controlling effects depending on the parents' oral health care behaviors in the relationship between the predisposing factors and adolescent behavior improvements which enhance oral health. Methods : A structured, self-administered questionnaire was given from July 6 through July 24, 2016. The collected data were analyzed with the SPSS 18.0 program. Results : Parents' oral health behaviors in terms of discipline and guidance showed a controlling effect in terms of importance (${\beta}$=.116) and benefits (${\beta}$=.133). In addition, the analysis showed that the parents' oral health care behavior had a controlling effect in terms of benefits (${\beta}$=.164) and susceptibility (${\beta}$=-.116). Conclusions : From the results of this study, the development of materials and education courses to lead to behavior changes are thought to be necessary in order to enhance the importance and benefits of the factors of oral health beliefs and to reduce psychological discomfort. Moreover, the role of parents with regard to desirable habits and beliefs to maintain oral health in their children is essential.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.587-599
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to analyze variable-controlling strategy (below vcs) and the ability to infer the effect of variables in Middle school students who experienced 'Thinking Science' activities in a CASE program. For this study, 71 9th grade students experienced in CASE program for 2 years were selected as the experimental group and 72 students were selected as the control group. All students were tested with Science Reasoning TaskVII. The five types of variable-controlling strategy were extracted from students' response. According to the result of this study, the students experienced in CASE program was more successful in the variable-controlling strategy of length, quality, and shape than the control group. The types of reasoning ability of the variable effect intuitively were categorized as possibility of reasoning, impossibility of reasoning, and impossibility of reversible thinking. It has shown that the reasoning ability of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group in the length and thickness variable effect. The results of this study implied that the variable controlling activities in CASE program could be effective for learning variable controlling, and eventually, for the development of reasoning ability of the variable controlling effect. In the ability to infer the effects of variables to get difficult Intuitively, both groups were similar to the rate of cognitive level reached to the formal operation in generalization, and the student of experimental group was 1.5 times faster than the control group.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.63-73
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• 2004

This study examined the effects of perceived marriage conflict, mother's parenting and child's behavior problems on the child abuse. The sample consisted of 428 filth and sixth grade children. Statistical methods used for data analysis were Cronbach's alpha, factor analysis, Pearson's correlation, multiple regression and path analysis. Several major results found from the analysis were as follows. First, the more the child perceived the parent's marriage conflict, the mother's parenting was controlling and the child's behavior was externalized, the more the child was subjected to the physical and verbal abuses. The mother's controlling parenting behavior had a first direct influence on the physical abuse, and the marriage conflict on the verbal abuse. Second, the marriage conflict had direct and indirect positive effects on the physical and verbal abuses through the mother's affective and controlling parenting and the child's externalizing behavior problems. Third, the mother's controlling parenting had direct and indirect positive effects on the physical and verbal abuses through the child's externalizing behavior problems and. And mother's affective parenting had a direct negative effect on the physical and verbal abuses. Fourth, child's externalizing behavior problems had a direct positive effect on the physical and verbal abuse. Fifth, child's sex had an indirect effect on the physical and verbal abuses through mother's affective and controlling parenting. That is, boys were more exposed to the physical and verbal abuses, because mothers more controlled and less affected boys than girls.