• Title/Summary/Keyword: Control Relay

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A Survey on the Demand for Home Care of the Mother's of the Hospitalized Children (입원 환아 어머니의 가정간호 요구도 조사)

  • Dim Young Hae;Kwon Bong Sook;Park Soon Og;Bae Young Soon;Lee Young Eun;Lee Ji Won;Lee Hwa Ja;Chung Gyung Ae
    • Child Health Nursing Research
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    • v.3 no.1
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    • pp.99-107
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    • 1997
  • The subjects of the study were the 120 mothers who had children hospitalized in 6 hospitals in P city during the period from Feb. 1. to May 30. 1996. The purpose of the study are(1) the problems encountered when they carried out Home Care after discharge and (2) the degrees of demand that they had against Home Care Services. In order to investigate the purposes above-mentioned the researchers used the 55 items of Home Care services belonging to 10 areas selected by Korea Home-Care Association in 1994. The items were modified and supplemented to 4-point scale. The selected data were analyzed by SPSS : PC+ and the following results were derived. 1. The subjects payed great attention to 5 items such as 'pain control, OPD visits, diet-control problems' among the 15 sources of anxiety that they had against Home Care services after discharge. Especially, 'OPD visits and knowledge deficit' would to be overcome by the nursing activities of the Home Care Nurses. 2. The acknowledge level of the subjects to the Home Care Project that governmental plans to carry out was surveyed and found as under 50. 0% responded they heard about Home Care Nursing System. 60.8% said that they thought the system was 'very necessary' and 'somewhat necessary'. 65.0% said they would like to use the system. However, the acknowledge level of 50.0% is still low and is thought to need further national promotion and propagation. 3. The demand of the subjects against 55 Home Care Services was investigated and found as

    . 'Assessment, Lab, basic nursing technology, relay ' transfer, training ' education and curative nursing' showed comparatively high scores. However, the items belonging to pediatric Home Care Services such as 'umbilical cord care, breast-feeding, infant care, and post-partum care & loan of breast-pump' showed relatively low scores.

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  • A Study on Development of Voice and SMS Alarm System Based on MODBUS Protocol (MODBUS 프로토콜에서 작동되는 음성 및 SMS 경보 시스템 개발에 관한 연구)

    • Seol, Jun-Soo;Lee, Seung-Ho
      • Journal of IKEEE
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      • v.19 no.3
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      • pp.311-318
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      • 2015
    • This dissertation proposes method for development technology of voice and SMS(Short Message Service) alarming system based on modbus protocol. The proposed technology is composed of the following 3 stages; hardware development based on microprocessor, development of input and output driver for modem, mp3 decoder, making modbus protocol stack. In the stage of hardware development based on microprocessor, we develop hardware which receives alarm from modbus master and transmit sms message, play mp3. In the stage of development of input / ouput device driver such as modem, mp3 decoder, we develop program which control each devices. In the stage of making modbus protocol stack, voice and sms alarm system is made for receiving alarm via modbus protocol. To evaluate performance of proposed technology, we issued alarm to voice and sms alarming system on purpose. As a result, response speed of detecting alarm was 10.7ms, communication distance was 1.2Km, operating temperature was from $-25^{\circ}C$ to $70^{\circ}C$, we confirmed supporting modbus protocol. And we verified that proposed voice and sms alarming system in the thesis has a performance to be used as an industrial building alarming system.

    Robust Obstacle Detection and Avoidance Algorithm for Infrastructure-Based Vehicle Communication Under Signal Interference (중계기를 통한 다중 차량 간 통신 상황에서 신호 간섭에 강한 장애물 감지 및 회피 알고리즘)

    • Choi, Byung Chan;Kwon, Hyuk Chan;Son, Jin Hee;Nam, Haewoon
      • The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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      • v.41 no.5
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      • pp.574-580
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      • 2016
    • In this paper, we will introduce the system that can control multiple vehicles on the road through Single Board Computers and V2I (Vehicle-To-Infrastructure). Also, we will propose the group evasive maneuver decision algorithm, which plays a critical role in deciding whether the vehicles in the system have to conduct evasive maneuvers to avoid obstacles on the road. In order to test this system, we have utilized Wi-Fi and TCP/IP for establishing the communication between multiple vehicles and the relay server, and observed their driving states on the road with obstacles. During the experiments, we have discovered that our original decision algorithm possesses high failure rate when there is frequency interference in ISM (Industrial Scientific Medical) band. In order to reduce this failure rate, we have implemented the data transition detector. This paper will focus on how the use of data transition detector can affect the reliability of the system under the frequency interference of ISM band. If this technology is improved and applied in the field, we will effectively deal with such dangerous situations as multiple collision accidents through vehicle-to-vehicle communication or vehicle-to-infrastructure communication. Furthermore, this can be applied to the autonomous driving technologies. This can be used as the reference data for the development of the similar system.

    A Reputation based Cooperative Routing Scheme for End-to-End Reliable Communications in Multi-hop Wireless Networks (다중 홉 무선 네트워크에서 종단 간 신뢰성 통신을 위한 평판 기반의 협력적 라우팅 기법)

    • Kim, Tae-Hoon;Tak, Sung-Woo
      • Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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      • v.12 no.11
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      • pp.1593-1608
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      • 2009
    • If a certain relay node in multi-hop wireless networks might become a malicious node that does not cooperate with other nodes or a selfish node, network throughput will be dramatically decreased. Most of existing ad hoc routing protocols assuming that the nodes will fully cooperate with other nodes do not resolve the problem of network performance degradation due to malicious and selfish nodes. This paper presents the CARE (Cooperative Ad hoc routing protocol based REputation) scheme incorporating the reputation management that can achieve a multi-hop wireless network with high throughput performance. The proposed scheme provides the horizontal cross-layer approach which can identify misbehaving malicious, selfish nodes dropped out of the hop-by-hop based packet processing in the network and then set up an optimal packet routing path that will detour misbehaving nodes. And the vertical cross-layer approach contained in the CARE scheme attempts to improve the quality of routing paths by exploiting the quality of link information received from the MAC layer. Besides, it provides high TCP throughput by exploiting the reputation values of nodes acquired from the network layer into the transport layer. A case study on experiments and simulations shows that the CARE scheme incorporating vertical and horizontal cross-layer approaches yields better performance in terms of the low rate of packet loss, fast average packet delivery time, and high TCP throughput between end-to-end nodes.

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    A MAC Protocol for Efficient Burst Data Transmission in Multihop Wireless Sensor Networks (멀티홉 무선 센서 네트워크에서 버스트 데이타의 효율적인 전송을 위한 프로토콜에 관한 연구)

    • Roh, Tae-Ho;Chung, Kwang-Sue
      • Journal of KIISE:Information Networking
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      • v.35 no.3
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      • pp.192-206
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      • 2008
    • Multihop is the main communication style for wireless sensor networks composed of tiny sensor nodes. Until now, most applications have treated the periodic small sized sensing data. Recently, the burst traffic with the transient and continuous nature is increasingly introduced due to the advent of wireless multimedia sensor networks. Therefore, the efficient communication protocol to support this trend is required. In this paper, we propose a novel PIGAB(Packet Interval Gap based on Adaptive Backoff) protocol to efficiently transmit the burst data in multihop wireless sensor networks. The contention-based PIGAB protocol consists of the PIG(Packet Interval Gap) control algorithm in the source node and the MF(MAC-level Forwarding) algorithm in the relay node. The PIGAB is on basis of the newly proposed AB(Adaptive Backoff), CAB(Collision Avoidance Backoff), and UB(Uniform Backoff). These innovative algorithms and schemes can achieve the performance of network by adjusting the gap of every packet interval, recognizing the packet transmission of the hidden node. Through the simulations and experiments, we identify that the proposed PIGAB protocol considerably has the stable throughput and low latency in transmitting the burst data in multihop wireless sensor networks.

    Removal of Fecal Indicator Bacteria from Bivalves under Natural and Electrolyzed Water (패류 중 자연정화 및 인공정화에 의한 위생지표세균의 변화)

    • Oh, Eun-Gyoung;Yoo, Hyun-Duk;Yu, Hong-Sik;Ha, Kwang-Soo;Shin, Soon-Bum;Lee, Tae-Seek;Lee, Hee-Jung;Kim, Ji-Hoe;Son, Kwang-Tae
      • Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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      • v.45 no.1
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      • pp.11-16
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      • 2012
    • In coastal areas that are affected by continuous, seasonal or occasional pollution sources, bivalves accumulate biological contaminants such as pathogenic bacteria. We investigated the effect of natural seawater relaying and electrolyzed seawater depuration on the bacteriological quality of artificially contaminated oysters Crassostrea gigas and short-necked clams Ruditapes philippinarum to suggest an alternative method of shellfish sanitation control.When artificially contaminated oysters and short-necked clams (fecal coliform level 1,700 MPN/100 g) were relayed into a sea area of safe bacteriological water quality, the fecal coliform level dropped to below 110 MPN/100 g after 1 day. The bacteriological quality of oysters and short-necked clams that are contaminated at a fecal coliform level of 1,700 MPN/100 g could be improved, and become appropriate for raw consumption by a single day relay under proper environmental conditions. When artificially contaminated oysters (fecal coliform level 330 MPN/100 g) were depurated with electrolyzed seawater, 94% of fecal coliform was eliminated after 12 h and fecal coliform was undetectable after 24 h. After 24 h depuration with electrolyzed seawater, the fecal coliform level of short-necked clams with initial fecal coliform of 2,400 MPN/100 g was below 20 MPN/100 g. However, the fecal coliform level of short-necked clams with initial fecal coliform of 17,000 MPN/100 g was relatively high, at 790 MPN/100 g, even after 24 h of depuration with electrolyzed seawater, because of the repeated cycle of excretion and accumulation of fecal coliform in shellfish tissue under the closed depuration environment. Such natural seawater relaying and electrolyzed seawater depuration can be restrictively applied to improve or secure the bacteriological quality of oysters and short-necked clams in accordance with safety levels for bivalves for raw consumption.

    A Field test of an Integrated Electronic Block System for verification of the suitability (통합형 전자폐색제어장치의 적합성 확인을 위한 현장시험)

    • Kim, Young-June;Baek, Jong-Hyen
      • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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      • v.14 no.12
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      • pp.6427-6433
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      • 2013
    • For trains to run safely and quickly, the train should always follow the preceding train at a proper spacing. For this purpose, a certain distance between the stations is set for each block section. For the safe operation of trains in one block section, only one train service for an automatic block system is needed. The existing block system is composed an ABS, which is a linked track circuit and line sideway system through the interlocking system. The interlocking system is being replaced with a domestic electronic interlocking system. On the other hand, the block system still uses the relay format of an analog system, and is independently installed of the line sideway systems. Therefore, the existing block system has many problems in terms of construction and maintenance. In addition, the existing domestic line is used for ABS and LEU , which is installed separately, despite the train being controlled by the information of the same signal at the same location. This is not efficient in terms of each product price and the maintenance costs. This paper introduces an integrated electronic block system and the field test results. The field test was carried out through a periodic inspection performed eight times from January to late August.

    Implementation of the automatic standby power blocking socket outlet having a blocking power threshold per electronic device by the smart machine (스마트 기기에 의해 전자기기별 차단전력문턱치 설정기능이 장착된 자동대기전력 차단콘센트 구현)

    • Oh, Chang-Sun;Park, Chan-Young;Kim, Dong-Hoi;Kim, Gi-Taek
      • Journal of Digital Contents Society
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      • v.15 no.4
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      • pp.481-489
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      • 2014
    • In this paper, the automatic standby power blocking socket outlet to reduce standby power by blocking power threshold is implemented. Where, the standby power means a flowing power when a disused power electronic is plugged into the socket outlet. The proposed socket outlet can cut off the standby power by establishing a proper block power threshold electronic device according to each electronic device because it can monitor the amount of power through the smart machines such as the real-time PC or mobile phone and directly control the blocking power threshold. The software is implemented by using Visual Studio software, code vision and SN8 C studio, and the hardware is embodied in ATmega128, SN8F27E93S, USB to UART, and relay etc. Through the simulation, we find that the standby power of the proposed method is similar to that of the conventional method in case of the cellular phone but the standby power of the proposed method is much less than that of the conventional method in case of the computer, air conditioning, and set-top box. Therefore, it is proved that the proposed socket outlet has a superior performance in terms of the standby power.

    Critical Chain Project Management as a New Paradigm for Reducing the Project Delivery Time (프로젝트 일정 단축을 위한 새로운 경영 패러다임 Critical Chain Project Management(CCPM))

    • Jang, Seong-Yong
      • Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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      • 2007.11a
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      • pp.68-74
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      • 2007
    • Critical Chain Project Management(CCPM) is a new project management system paradigm which maintains the advantages of PERT/CPM and improves the shortcomings of it. In CCPM the task durations are determined as 50% time estimates, ie average time discarding the their contingency. CCPM determines the critical chain the constraint of a projects considering the logical precedence relationship and resource conflict resolution. Project buffer is located at the end of critical chain to absorb the variations of critical chain. The size of project buffer is usually calculated as the half of the sum of critical chain length. Also feeding buffer is inserted after each non-critical chain which feeding into the critical chain to prevent the time delay of critical chain from uncertainties of non-critical chains. Resource buffer can be utilized to improve the availability of resources of critical chain. Buffer management is a project execution and control mechanism. Buffers are classified into 3 zones. They are OK zone, Watch and Plan zone and Expediting zone. If the project status is within Watch and Plan zone, contingency plan is established. And if it changes into Expediting zone, the preplanned contingency plan are executed to recover the time delay. In CCPM the workers are asked to work with relay runner work mechanism that they work fast if possible and report their completion to project manager for the succeeding task to start as soon as possible. The task durations are not considered as the promised time schedule. The multi-tasking is prohibited.

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    A Study on Problem Drinking and Spending Leisure by CAGE and AUDIT in a Rural Area (일부 농촌지역에서의 CAGE와 AUDIT를 이용한 문제음주 및 여가활용에 관한 연구)

    • Kim, Yeal;Yu, Ji-Young;Jung, Sun-Im;Han, Ji-Yun;Pak, Jong-Hyuk;Kim, Han-Suk;Choi, Young-Sun;Kim, Min-Jung;Cho, Byung-Hee;Jung, Mun-Ho
      • Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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      • v.29 no.1
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      • pp.147-161
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      • 2004
    • Objectives: There are many habitual drinking in rural area. So it is the key point of drinking control policy in rural community to understand the drinking behavior in leisure time and to have an appropriate screening method for problem drinking. CAGE and AUDIT are famous screening tools for problem drinking and alcoholics. Even though there are some studies to validate CAGE and AUDIT which translated in Korean, they were not studied with community based population but with hospital based patients. In this study we assessed the usefulness of CAGE and AUDIT for selecting problem drinking in a rural population, and compared problem drinkers with normal group about spending leisure, Methods: The study subjects were 120 residents over 20 years old who lived in 3 districts in Dong-San Myun near Chun-chon city. We made up questionnaire by interview from Feb. 13 to 19, 2004. Results: The mean age of study population was 66.01 .26 years old. Defining the problem drinking as more than 12 score in AUDIT and more than 2 score in CAGE, the proportion of problem drinker was 30.600 and 28.9% respectively. This proportions were higher than those of other national wide studies. There were significant difference in drinking frequency per week and amount per one episode between problem drinker and normal group. Experience about driving, accident, injury, disturbance in working and quarrel after drinking were also significantly different. Problem drinker were more tolerable to the bad social culture about drinking (eg. force to drink, bad drunken habit. overdrinking, drinking relay etc.) than normal group. Watching TV and playing with neighborhood were most frequent method of spending leisure in this study population, normal male group exercised more frequently in leisure time than problem drinker. Conclusions: It may be useful to use CAGE and AUDIT score for screening problem drinking in rural community. Appropriate utilization of leisure time may he important for control of problem drinking in rural area.

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