• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.505-519
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• 2005

In this paper, we develop an anti-sway control in proposed techniques for an ATC system. The developed algorithm is to build the optimal path of container motion and to calculate an anti-collision path for collision avoidance in its movement to the finial coordinate. Moreover, in order to show the effectiveness in this research, we compared NNP PID controller to be tuning parameters of controller using NN with 2 DOF PID controller. The simulation and experimental results show that the proposed control scheme guarantees performances, trolley position, sway angle and settling time in NNP PID controller than other controller. As the results in this paper, the application of NNP PID controller is analyzed to have robustness about disturbance which is wind of fixed pattern in the yard. Accordingly, the proposed algorithm in this study can be readily used for industrial applications.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.323-331
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• 2004

This paper introduces a novel approach that can provide the three dimensional information about the movement of a spreader by using two CCD cameras and a laser distance measuring unit in order to derive ALS (Automatic Landing System) in the crane used at a harbor. So far a kind of 2D Laser scanner sensor or laser distance measuring units are used as comer detectors for the geometrical matching between the spreader and a container. Such systems provide only two dimensional information which is not enough for an accurate and fast ALS. In addition to this deficiency in performance, the price of the system is too high to adapt to the ALS. Therefore, to overcome these defects, we proposed a novel method to acquire the three dimensional spreader information using two CCD cameras and a laser distance measuring unit. To show the efficiency of proposed method, real experiments are performed to show the improvement of accuracy in distance measurement by fusing the sensory information of the CCD cameras and a laser distance measuring unit.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.403-408
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• 2014

Lots of electric power has been wasted through the load bank usually in the container boxes during the generator load test of the ship and offshore plant in the new ship building. Therefore in this research, the quantity of wasted electric power through generator load test under construction was investigated on big shipbuilding yard and quantity of electric power that can be recovered is analyzed when produced electric power during the generator load test is connected to KEPCO Grid, according to laboratory's experiment result where recovers electric power produced from small generator connected to KEPCO Grid.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.403-407
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• 2003

A basic concept of TAS(Tractor Appointment System), which not only enhances the terminal productivity, but also yields higher efficiency of domestic CT(Container Terminal), is developed in this paper for CT to more competitive and serviceable. To analyze the effects of TAS when applied to the existing four-tier CT, a quantitative analysis is performed. The results showed that the number of rehandling time of CT has been significantly decreased, the efficiency of CT increased, and the flow time of trucks in CT reduced in a great deal

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2006.06b
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• pp.373-380
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• 2006

Many changes lie ahead for Korea both domestically and internationally including opening of Busan New Port, more active Gwangyang Port as well as rapid growth of Shanghai Port and enhanced services and productivity at Shenzen Port. Compared to newer ports, Busan Port possesses old equipment and facilities. Therefore, in order for Busan Port to maintain its service level and remain competitive and productive, it needs to undergo remodeling to enhance productivity. Such remodeling activities should be implemented on a continual basis by developing and applying new technologies such as those for gate system, berth system, yard system, and IT system Therefore, this study is conducted the introduction. of remodeling concept, the status of Busan Port, and the technical review of remodeling.

• Journal of Korean Port Research
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.191-202
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• 1997

As the suitability of berth allocation will ultimately have a significant influence on the performance of a berth, a great deal of attention should be given to berth allocation. Generally, a berth allocation problem has conflicting factors between servers and users. In addition, there is uncertainty in great extent caused by various factors such as departure delay, inclement weather on route, poor handling equipment, a lack of storage space, and other factors contribute to the uncertainty of arrival and berthing time. Thus, it is necessary to establish berth allocation planning which reflects the positions of interested parties and the ambiguity of parameters. For this, a berth allocation problem is formulated by fuzzy 0-1 integer programming introducing the concept of maximum Position Shift(MPS). But, the above approach has limitations in terms of computational time and computer memory when the size of problem is increased. It also has limitations with respect to the integration of other sub-systems such as ship planning system and yard planning system. For solving such problem, this paper focuses particularly on developing an efficient heuristic algorithm as a new technique of getting an effective solution. And also the suggested algorithm is verified through the illustrative examples and empirical appalicaton to BCTOC.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.197-205
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• 2016

Our country, which relies on maritime transport a majority of import and export trade volume and faced with unexpected accidents, it is difficult to operate the normal function of container terminal. It also caused by reliability issue raised is likely to be given a blow to the new volumes to attract and maintain existing volumes. Under this views, the container terminal is a situation that highlights the role of the harbor workers and cope with aggressive work to provide the best quality services to customers 365 days. On these grounds, the heavy work burden is passed on to the harbor workers and caused accidents every year. The study was analyzed the safety status of the container terminal under the real following the conditions as disaster status analysis, insufficient safety training circumstances and safety training from 2012 year to 2015 in the target current K.Y terminal. As a result of equipments safety training analysis, it shows that 2012 year happened 45 cases and 31 cases in 2013 year until not practicing the training over the Gantry Crane equipment. One hand 23 cases took place in 2014 while preparation training and the other intensive training period of 2015, 8 cases occurred. it shows that 2012 year happened 13 cases and 19 cases in 2013 year until not practicing the training over the Transfer Crane equipment. One hand 12 cases took place in 2014 while preparation training and the other intensive training period of 2015, 8 cases occurred. it shows that 2012 year happened 9 cases and 9 cases in 2013 year until not practicing the training over the Yard Tractor equipment. One hand 9 cases took place in 2014 while preparation training and the other intensive training period of 2015, 4 cases occurred. Because safety training of the container terminal was given to greatly impact on the mandatory safety training, self-educational enforcement and specified equipments safety training, hence the container terminal is to strengthen the safety education to prevent accidents in advance.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.59-79
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• 2005

Export containers in a container terminal are usually classified into a few weight groups and those belonging to the same group are placed together on a same stack. The reason for this stacking by weight groups is that it becomes easy to have the heavier containers be loaded onto a ship before the lighter ones, which is important for the balancing of the ship. However, since the weight information available at the time of container arrival is only an estimate, those belonging to different weight groups are often stored together on a same stack. This becomes the cause of extra moves, or rehandlings, of containers at the time of loading to fetch out the heavier containers placed under the lighter ones. In this paper, we use machine learning techniques to derive a classifier that can classify the containers into the weight groups with improved accuracy. We also show that a more useful classifier can be derived by applying a cost-sensitive learning technique, for which we introduce a scheme of searching for a good cost matrix. Simulation experiments have shown that our proposed method can reduce about 5$\sim$7% of rehandlings when compared to the traditional weight grouping method.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.186-193
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• 2021

To enhance the competitiveness of the Busan Port in accordance with changes in global shipping and port industry trends, the Busan New Port is promoting step-by-step integration and developing a port resource-sharing platform. However, inefficient resource-sharing can cause unnecessary additional costs or impede port productivity, so accurate supply and demand matching of shared resources is required. In this study, the supply and demand of port resources were investigated for employees of Busan New Port and North Port, and port resources that could be ideally shared through IPA(Importance Performance Analysis) were analyzed. As a result of analyzing the equipment in the port, Yard Tractor, Reach Stacker, and Top Handler were the top considerations, and for facilities in the port, berths and aprons, empty container yards, and refrigerated container yards were the most important considerations. As for the data in the port, gate status, equipment specifications, and berth and apron conditions were the top considerations.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.479-485
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• 2010

To handle container effectively is one of the most important factors in a port because working time is linked soon into cost. Since the middle of 1990s, RMGC(Rail-Mounted Gantry Crane) and RTGC(Rubber-Tired Gantry Crane) have been developed and widely used to operate containers in the yard. The RTGC is more difficult than RMGC in the automatic control system design. Although, the RTGC is largely advantaged to free driving environment, it has some considerable disadvantages in the system operating. In general, the problems are due to tire slip and lack of tire pressure etc. Therefore, a desirable research result has not been shown in this time. So, in this paper, we propose a new approach to design tracking control system for the RTGC in which the mathematical modeling is included. From the simulation results, the control performance of the designed control systems is evaluated.