• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.357-375
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to find out methods to control, regulate and prevent sexual violence and provide guidelines for sex education in middle school. This study was conducted to examine factors in relation to sexuality, attitudes toward women, experience of sexual contact, frequencies and kinds of pornography with which they had contact, and sex education. For the data collection, a survey was conducted from September 25 to October 1, 1997 by using prepared questionnaires. Questionnaires were given to 503 students from three different kinds of middle schools in Seoul, Boys, Girls, and Coeducation schools. The data analyses used a PC-SAS. Each item was examined by frequencies and percentage. To compare Boys with Girls, I applied a T-test. In addition, with the kinds of school type, I applied anANOVA, ${\chi}^2$. Moreover, For investigating and analyzing each category, I categorized knowledge and attitude of sexuality, with precautionary measures of sexual violence. After that I applied T-test, ANOVA, and a Pearson's correlation for each category. The instruments of this study consisted of 9 domains. (1) General characteristics of the respondents (2) 9 questions about the interaction between he/she and his/her parent. (3) 12 questions, concerning A Scale for Attitudes of Adolescents Toward women(AWSA). (4) 26 questions related to sexual knowledge. (5) 25 questions about sexual attitude (6) strategies for prevention of sexual violence-33 questions (7) 5 questions related to sexual behavior (8) the experience of contact with pronography. (9) the experience of sex-education. The major results were summarized as follows; 1. Like many researches, This study shows that the girls are more eqalitarian than boys. The girls mean ($40.90{\pm}3.67$) is significantly higher than boys ($34.72{\pm}3.77$). Most Koreans have believed that there are many differences between men's roles and women's ones, because of confucianism which had been implied in most thought and ideas since the Lee dynasty. Therefore, the result is not surprising at all. 2. Most students answered correctly the questions of sexual knowledge. The girl's score was higher ($Mean{\pm}SD$ : $48.88{\pm}2.39$) than the boys' ($Mean{\pm}SD$ : $46.95{\pm}3.90$)(p 0.001). Nevertheless, the hypothesis that sexual knowledge influences sexual attitude and its behavior was rejected. 3. When twenty-five questions were asked about sexual attitude, the girl students investigated were found to have a more propre sexual attitude than that of the boys. A significant difference was found between boys and girls(p=0.001). The result shows that a person who has more experience in viewing pornography and who smokes will have a more distorted view of sexuality. 4. There are many students who have experienced of sexual contact. They need to take a sex education program about contraception and prevention of sexually transmitted diseases. Systematic and concrete sex education is one way to lead them to proper sexual behavior. 5. Most respondents rejected stereotyped attitudes towards women. Boys, however, were more likely to accept stereotypes of Women. The girl's mean($Mean{\pm}SD$ : $40.90{\pm}3.67$) is higher than the boys($Mean{\pm}SD$ : $34.72{\pm}3.77$)(p=0.0001). 6. Many boys ignored the rules for prevention of sexual violence. A boy or a girl who has more experience of sexual contact over kiss and sex-typed neglected the rules, too(p=0.001). Today, there is increasing juvenile delinquency related to sexuality. This study provided the basic material for a preventive education system. I believe that a systematic and concrete sex education system can be helpful for adolescents and promote their responsibility as well as cultivate morality about sexuality. As a result, juvenile delinquency can be decreased. This study is basically aimed to provide information for a prevenative education system of sexual violence. Further research is recommended to evaluate programs in schools.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.929-939
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to identify knowledge of universal precautions and its performance in practice. The research was conducted from November 2 to 30, 1998. A total 515 student nurses ; 249 from a baccalaureate nursing college and 266 from second and third year of a 3-year community nursing college were surveyed. The results are as following : 1. The average score for universal precautions knowledge was 270.41$\pm$19.43/300(range 150-300). The results showed that 99.2% of students avoid injury from used needles, 98.6% answered that they always wash their hands if they had contact with the patient's blood and they always dispose of used needles in special collectors (97.7%) for needles. But, 39.2% responsed that they dispose of used needles after recapping them. 2. The average score for universal precautions knowledge of the senior students in the 4-year college was the highest (277.65$\pm$13.99). 3. The average score for the performance of universal precautions knowledge was 53.18 $\pm$5.91(range 14-70). The items : ‘I cautiously avoid injury from the used needles’(4.92$\pm$0.33), ‘I always wash my hands if there has been contact with the patient's blood’(4.91$\pm$0.34), and ‘I always disposed of used needles in the appropriate collector’(4.89$\pm$0.42) showed the highest performance. However ‘I always dispose of used needles after recapping them’(2.19$\pm$1.39) and ‘I always use protection goggles when in danger of contamination’(2.19$\pm$1.20) showed low performance level. 4. The highest average score for universal precautions performance was shown among the second year students in 3-year nursing college (54.19$\pm$6.92) between the groups. It showed that the level of the universal precautions performance was higher for those who had education on university precautions prior to performance of the universal precautions than for those without any prior education. 5. The percentage of students who reported the experience of direct contact with patients' blood and/or body fluids was 42.30%. The experience of direct contact with blood and/or body fluids of the educational group was significantly higher than those were not educated. 6. The most frequent cause of the direct contact was ‘needle pricking and/or skin cut’(63.04%). The most frequent substance with which the students contact was ‘blood’(59.85%). The majority of the sample had answered that the mode of contamination was ‘unknown’(63.54%). The majority of the sample answered that strategies used after contamination included ‘washing with soap’(33.61%). Reviewing the chart of patients or asking other health professionals(28.85%). 7. The number of students who had the experience of a needle stick and/or skin cut was 145(28.16%). The clinical practice places where the incidents occurred were mainly in the internal medicine unit (45.07%) and the surgical unit (31.92%) followed by the intensive care unit and the emergency unit in order. The experience of a needle stick and/or skin cut happened during on intra-muscular injection 47.34% and intravenous injection 21.81%. The causes of the needle stick and/or skin cut were ‘putting the needle cap back on 77(35.81%)’. The number of students who took an appropriate post management blood test and/or vaccination was 27(18.62%). 8. The Pearson Correlation Coefficient between the knowledge of universal precautions and performance of universal precautions in practice showed a positive correlation.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.89-104
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• 2006

Objectives: This study was done to find factors related with performance of hepatitis B Vaccination among some aged persons through health belief model. Methods: A questionnaire survey was made during September 2004 toward 230 elderly persons using institutions for the elderly of Gwangju City. The relations between subjects characteristics including health belief, mass media contact, hepatitis B experience and performance of hepatitis B vaccination were tested by t test or X2 test. Multiple logistic regression analysis was done to find final significantly related variables. Results: 24.8% of the subjects were vaccinated against hepatitis B. By simple analysis of relation between performance of hepatitis B vaccination and subjects characteristics including health belief, significant variables were chosen as 6 variables including perceived susceptibility, perceived seriousness, perception of benefits, knowledge on hepatitis B, age, experience of hepatitis through family or friend. After adjusting for confounding variables by multiple logistic regression analysis, hepatitis B vaccine performance showed significantly higher rate as the perception of disease seriousness increased(OR: 1.08, 95% CI: $1.03{\sim}1.14$) and in the group contacted with TV or radio information about hepatitis compared with non-contact. The group who experienced hepatitis among family or friends showed significantly higher hepatitis B vaccination performance rate compared with non-experienced. Conclusion: These results suggested that hepatitis B vaccine performance was related with health belief including hepatitis susceptibility, disease seriousness perception, acquisition of information through TV or radio and indirect hepatitis experience from family or friends.

• 한국안광학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.317-322
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• 2006

본 연구는 굴절이상을 가진 사람 중 난시안이고 스스로 난시량을 알고 있는 사람에 한하여 주로 사용하는 시력교정 기구와 그것에 대한 만족도를 설문 조사하여 분석하였다. 설문 조사 대상자 46명중 시력 교정 수단으로 안경만을 사용하는 사람 11명 외에 35명의 콘택트렌즈 사용자들의 장기간 사용기간에 따라 발생하는 문제점을 경험한 사람이 25명이었고, 시력교정 상태에 매우 만족 외의 항목을 선택한 사람이 대부분을 차지하였다. 만족하지 못한 이유로는 미교정 난시, 잘못된 처방, 잘못된 Base Curve, 렌즈의 사용주기 경과 등이 있었다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.128-140
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• 1997

When women are removed with their matrix which is a emotionally significant organ of symbol in psychologically adapting themselves to mother and woman, that is threatened and injured with woman role decisively. This study tried to find the efficient nursing intervention method to maintain and promote their health, to cope with health problem, and to inquire into the loss experience of women with hysterectomy by using the phenomenological method. The analysis of the data was made through the phenomenological analytic method suggested by Giorgi. The result of the study was as follows : The factors which have influence on the loss experience of the subjects are an offer of information, support system, age, occupation, economic situation, family history, character, season, the existence of ovary and religion. The loss experience of matrix was expressed in lingual, reactions to the loss of function, sex, body change and husband, in behavioral behaviors in emotion and body. The loss of matrix of the subjects was relived by religion. perineorrhapy, exercise, reading, watching video and diet. The subjects each showed ways of reaction of fatalism, giving-up, coping on the loss experience of matrix. In conclusion, since we ascertained that the nursing in the process of recovery decide the quality of life. though women with hysterectomy undergo various loss experience and adapt to it in the end, it is necessary to give them enough information and educate husband, having on important effect on the loss experience, to be a good supporter, And technically skilled nurses of consultant are thought to be able to contrive better qualitative life of women with hysterectomy as an important bridge between the subjects and their required information, since the nurses have their well-formed position of relationship of confidence through continuous contact with patients and their family.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제61권3호
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• pp.198-203
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• 2023

목적. 이 연구의 목적은 건강한 치열에서 치실 방법을 사용하여 인접면 접촉을 비교하고, 이를 셀룰로이드 스트립 방법, 금속 스트립 방법과 비교하여, 공간측정에 가장 효과적인 방법을 알아보는 것이다. 재료 및 방법. 건강한 자연치열을 가진 성인 20명(남자 10명, 여자 10명)을 피실험자로 선정하였다. 임상경험 5년 이상의 치과의사 1인이 치실 방법, 셀룰로이드 스트립 방법, 금속 스트립 방법을 이용하여 인접면 접촉을 평가하였다. 치실 방법으로 수집된 자료는 Mann-Whitney U test를 사용하여 95% 신뢰수준 하에서 R 프로그램을 이용하여 분석하였다. 그리고 치실을 이용한 인접면 접촉 평가에 셀룰로이드 스트립과 금속 스트립을 사용한 인접면 접촉의 평가를 비교하였다. 결과. 건강한 치열에서 약 80%에서만 적절한 접촉강도를 유지하고 있었으며, 전치부보다 구치부가 더 적절하게 유지하고 있었다(P < .05). 성별에 따른 접촉강도는 전치부에서는 남성이, 구치부에서는 여성이 적절한 접촉을 하는 것으로 나타났다(P < .05). 일치성 척도인 카파 지수(Kappa index)를 이용하여 치실에서 얻은 결과에 대한 셀룰로이드 스트립과 금속 스트립 실험 결과 간의 일치성을 분석한 결과, 셀룰로이드 스트립을 사용하는 것이 금속 스트립을 사용하는 것보다 더 유리한 것으로 나타났다. 결론. 건강한 치열에서 약 80%에서만 적절한 접촉강도를 유지하고 있었으며, 인접면 접촉의 평가에서 다양한 두께의 셀룰로이드 스트립을 사용한다면 보다 정확한 공간 측정의 가능성이 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.508-518
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• 2013

In this study, the influence of sub-factors of Big Five personality (extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, openness to experience) to job satisfaction and turnover intention, and mediating effect of job satisfaction between Big Five personality and turnover intention were empirically analysed. Also the relationship between job satisfaction and turnover intention was investigated. The sample of this study were customer-contact employees of restaurant among Youngnam province. 243 questionnaires were used for the empirical analyses. According to the empirical analysis results, openness to experience and conscientiousness respectively had positive influences to job satisfaction and turnover intention. Also neuroticism gave negative influence to turnover intention. Another research finding of this study was that mediating effect of job satisfaction existed in the causal relationship of 'openness to experience' and conscientiousness to turnover intention. Managerial implications of the research findings are that restaurant managers are recommended to select employees of having much of conscientiousness and 'openness to experience', and to employ those of having much of agreeableness. In the field of restaurant industry, training is very important for employees to foster these personalities, because this industry does not have environment of hiring employees of having much of these personalities. Also training can be applied to employees of having high neuroticism for minimizing their turnover intention.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.65-76
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• 2021

Objectives: In an aging society, the demand for dental medical institutions among the elderly is increasing. There will be an increased demand for high-quality oral health services. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate factors influencing attitudes toward the elderly of Generation Z dental hygiene students. Methods: The participants in this study were 198 dental hygiene students. The survey was conducted from June 1 to 30, 2020, using a structured questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of knowledge (24 items), attitude (20 items), and experience (11 items) of the elderly. The collection data were compared and analyzed using analysis of variance and multiple regression. Results: Factors influencing attitudes toward the elderly of dental hygiene students appeared positive in those with a lot of experience and higher knowledge of social area, in case of one grade. However, the attitude toward the elderly appears negative in those with a low knowledge of physical area. Conclusions: In order to improve Generation Z dental hygiene students' attitudes towards the elderly, it is necessary to develop a course related to the elderly and a program related to high-quality elderly contact experience opportunities. Socially, it is necessary to promote healthy elderly life through internet broadcasting and YouTube.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.455-470
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• 2007

The usage of appropriate disinfectants is essential for infection control in dental hospitals, dental clinics. Inadequate use of disinfectants is the cause of human or environmental toxicity and is a waste of cost. This study was aimed to assess the level of knowledge on the disinfection and chemical disinfectants among dental workers in dental hospitals, dental clinics. It's ultimately intended to serve as a basis for the preparation of more effective, appropriate educational programs on the disinfection and manuals on the use of disinfectants for dental workers. This study enforced a questionnaire with 184 dental workers employed in dental hospitals, dental clinics from 15 Aug. to 15 Sep. 2007, in the area of Daejeon. The obtained result were as follows; 1. The population sociological feature of dental hospital and dental clinic showed that significant differences of dental service career(pM0.039). Dental service career of dental workers shows; below 3 years 42.9%, 4~6 years 34.7%, more than 7 years 22.4% in dental hospitals, below 3 years 30.4%, 4~6 years 26.7%, more than 7 years 43.0% in dental clinics(pM0.039). 2. The average score of dental workers knowledge in 'Critical item soaks in high-level disinfectants for 20minutes was 2.73V0.49 point, got from knowledge of dental instrument is appropriate to immerse before sterilization in the dental device disinfection(pM0.002). 3. In the general disinfection which it follows in education experience of chemical disinfectants direction for use, 'Direction for use by Spaulding process classification' responded that the correct answer was the education experience dental workers 60.0%, the education non-experience dental workers 39.5%(p=0.026). 4. In the dental device disinfection which it follows in education experience of chemical disinfectants direction for use. 'High level disinfection is not applied for the non-critical items and equipment' responded that the education experience dental workers 49.2%, the education non-experience dental workers 31.9%(pM0.045), 'Semi-critical items is applied same method in presence of the infection disease which it acts responded that the education experience dental workers 44.6% answer back, the education non-experience dental workers 24.4%(pM0.017). 5. 'A hand disinfectants of anticeptics have effect' the education experience dental workers 78.5% answer back, the education non-experience dental workers 52.9%(pM0.003). 1t uses with hand disinfectants when the instruments which be imbrued and patient contact', the education experience dental workers 78.5% answer back, the education non-experience dental workers 62.2%(pM0.026), 'Boric acid solution uses for the skin disinfectants the education experience dental workers 52.3% answer back, the education non-experience dental workers is 37.0%(pM0.016), 'Gluconate have effective difference which it follows in chemical disinfectant consistency and the solution type' education experience dental workers 72.3% answer back, education non-experience dental workers 47.9%(pM0.004). 6. The education experience dental workers were appeared higher than the education non-experience dental workers in knowledge of the disinfection and chemical disinfectants. Consequently system and the specialty education which is standardized continuously must be provided to all dental workers.

• 한국안광학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.203-214
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• 2016

목적: 여대생들의 콘택트렌즈 착용 및 관리 실태와 눈건강 지식 인식도를 분석하여 콘택트렌즈 교육과 관리를 위한 기초자료로 활용하고자 한다. 방법: 2016년 5월 1일부터 2016년 6월 11일까지 콘택트렌즈 착용 경험이 있는 제주지역 여대생 236명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 결과: 연구 대상자들의 콘택트렌즈 착용 및 관리 실태에 대해 알 수 있었으며, 연구 대상자들의 특성에 따라 콘택트렌즈 착용 불편감, 눈건강지식 인식도 간에 상관관계가 다르게 나타났다. 또한, 착용 콘택트렌즈의 종류에 따라 일부 렌즈에서 불편감, 일주일 평균 착용일수, 최초 착용시기, 불편감 발생시 조치방법에 따라 상관성이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 결론: 여대생들의 콘택트렌즈 착용 및 관리 실태를 파악할 수 있었으며, 콘택트렌즈 하루 착용시간, 착용 렌즈의 종류 및 재질, 주로 느끼는 불편감 등을 고려하여 적절한 관리법에 대한 교육 및 지속적인 관리 시스템을 구축하여야 한다.